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- Contaminação do ar e superfíciesPublication . Afonso, Joana; Vieira Da Silva, ManuelaOs estabelecimentos de panificação e pastelaria são estabelecimentos do sector alimentar com grande influência na alimentação humana visto os seus géneros alimentícios serem a base da alimentação de grande parte da população. Aliando a abrangência em termos de alimentos confeccionados ao maior número de pessoas que recorrem aos seus produtos, é essencial garantir a qualidade destes alimentos.
- Realidade virtual e reabilitação neurocognitiva da lesão cerebral adquirida – estudo exploratórioPublication . Mendes, Liliana; Barbosa, Fernando; Reis, Luís PauloAo longo de décadas várias têm sido as tentativas de estudar a utilidade de ambientes virtuais ecológicos na reabilitação neurocognitiva de sujeitos com lesão cerebral adquirida. Com o presente estudo pretendemos verificar a aplicabilidade de ambientes virtuais ecológicos não imersivos na remediação de défices cognitivos. Oito participantes com lesão cerebral adquirida, foi sujeito a 40 sessões de RN com recurso a uma plataforma de RV não-emersivo disponível on-line (VICERAVI – Virtual Centre for the Rehabilitation of Road Accident Victims). Os participantes realizaram uma avaliação neuropsicológica pré e pós-teste de distintos domínios atenção, memória, linguagem e funcionamento executivo. Nos testes D2, TMT A&B, Stroop (interferência palavra-cor), HVLT-R e WMS-III, encontramos diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o primeiro e o segundo momento de avaliação. A reabilitação neurocognitiva on-line pode ser favorável à compensação de défices cognitivos.
- Co-activation of upper limb muscles during reaching in post-stroke subjects: An analysis of the contralesional and ipsilesional limbsPublication . Silva, Cláudia; Silva, Augusta; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia Sofia; Pinheiro, Ana Rita; Bourlinova, Catarina; Silva, Ana; Salazar, António; Borges, Carla; Crasto, Carlos; Correia, Miguel Velhote; Vilas-Boas, João Paulo; Santos, RubimThe purpose of this study was to analyze the change in antagonist co-activation ratio of upper-limb muscle pairs, during the reaching movement, of both ipsilesional and contralesional limbs of post-stroke subjects. Nine healthy and nine post-stroke subjects were instructed to reach and grasp a target, placed in the sagittal and scapular planes of movement. Surface EMG was recorded from postural control and movement related muscles. Reaching movement was divided in two sub-phases, according to proximal postural control versus movement control demands, during which antagonist co-activation ratios were calculated for the muscle pairs LD/PM, PD/AD, TRIlat/BB and TRIlat/BR. Post-stroke's ipsilesional limb presented lower co-activation in muscles with an important role in postural control (LD/PM), comparing to the healthy subjects during the first sub-phase, when the movement was performed in the sagittal plane (p<0.05). Conversely, the post-stroke's contralesional limb showed in general an increased co-activation ratio in muscles related to movement control, comparing to the healthy subjects. Our findings demonstrate that, in post-stroke subjects, the reaching movement performed with the ipsilesional upper limb seems to show co-activation impairments in muscle pairs associated to postural control, whereas the contralesional upper limb seems to have signs of impairment of muscle pairs related to movement.
- Development and assessment of an E-Learning course on breast imaging for radiographers: a stratified randomized controlled trialPublication . Moreira, Inês C.; Ventura, Sandra; Ramos, Isabel; Rodrigues, Pedro PereiraMammography is considered the best imaging technique for breast cancer screening, and the radiographer plays an important role in its performance. Therefore, continuing education is critical to improving the performance of these professionals and thus providing better health care services. Our goal was to develop an e-learning course on breast imaging for radiographers, assessing its efficacy , effectiveness, and user satisfaction. A stratified randomized controlled trial was performed with radiographers and radiology students who already had mammography training, using pre- and post-knowledge tests, and satisfaction questionnaires. The primary outcome was the improvement in test results (percentage of correct answers), using intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis. A total of 54 participants were assigned to the intervention (20 students plus 34 radiographers) with 53 controls (19+34). The intervention was completed by 40 participants (11+29), with 4 (2+2) discontinued interventions, and 10 (7+3) lost to follow-up. Differences in the primary outcome were found between intervention and control: 21 versus 4 percentage points (pp), P<.001. Stratified analysis showed effect in radiographers (23 pp vs 4 pp; P=.004) but was unclear in students (18 pp vs 5 pp; P=.098). Nonetheless, differences in students’ posttest results were found (88% vs 63%; P=.003), which were absent in pretest (63% vs 63%; P=.106). The per-protocol analysis showed a higher effect (26 pp vs 2 pp; P<.001), both in students (25 pp vs 3 pp; P=.004) and radiographers (27 pp vs 2 pp; P<.001). Overall, 85% were satisfied with the course, and 88% considered it successful. This e-learning course is effective, especially for radiographers, which highlights the need for continuing education.
- Effects of dual-task interventions on gait performance of patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic reviewPublication . Santos, Luís A. A.; Campos, Carlos; Bento, Teresa; Lattari, Eduardo; Nardi, Antônio Egidio; Rocha, Nuno; Machado, SérgioParkinson’s disease is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that impair patients’ gait performance, especially while performing dual/concurrent tasks. These deficits impair patients’ daily function, because dual-tasking is a crucial ability in terms of everyday living. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effects of dual task interventions on gait performance of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS and SciELO. We used the PICOS strategy to determine eligibility criteria. The search strategy included an advanced search on the included databases, using the following search query: “Parkinson’s Disease” AND “Double Task” OR “Concurrent Tasks” OR “Gait” AND “Walk”. Study selection was carried out by two independent researchers and a third one was called when consensus was needed. A total of 188 articles were identified: 169 articles from Medline/PubMed, 10 articles in SciELO, 8 articles in LILACS and 1 item from manual searches. A total of 56 articles were analyzed regarding the eligibility and exclusion criteria based on full text. A final total of 7 studies were included in the systematic review. The different types of dual-task interventions reported (dance, sound stimuli, visual and somatosensory) were associated to improvements in several gait performance indicators of Parkinson’s disease patients, including gait speed, stride time and length, cadence and step length. External stimuli seem to play a critical role on specific training effects on dual-task gait performance.
- Effect of an aquatic therapy program on pain and spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitisPublication . Correia, Mónica Susana; Lopes, Alfredo Alexandre Tomé; Silva, Francisco; Silva, Diogo; Castro, Marcelo Peduzzi deAnkylosing Spondylitis (AS) can lead to an increase in pain and is characterized by a decrease in mobility. The purpose of this study was to assess the acute and medium-term effects of a 12-week aquatic therapy program on pain and mobility in individuals with AS.
- Exercise induced neuroplasticity to enhance therapeutic outcomes of cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: Analyzing the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factorPublication . Campos, C.; Rocha, Nuno; Lattari, Eduardo; Nardi, António E.; Machado, SérgioCognitive impairment is a major manifestation of schizophrenia and a crucial treatment target as these deficits are closely related to patients' functional outcomes. Cognitive remediation is the gold-standard practice to address cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. There is clear evidence stating that cognitive remediation improves cognitive function and promotes structural neuroplastic changes in patients with schizophrenia, with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression emerging as a potential biomarker for its efficacy. This is particularly important as there is clear evidence relating atypical BDNF expression to cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Despite the valuable role of cognitive remediation in the management of schizophrenia, there is still a need to develop methods that allow maximizing its efficacy.
- Papel atual da radiologia geral na avaliação de fetos e recém-nascidos post-mortemPublication . M. Figueiredo Correia, Ricarda; Cardoso, Paula; Botelho, Nuno Alexandre Rodrigues da Rocha; Ventura, Sandra RuaO grande leque de aplicações e potencialidades da imagem médica forense tem sofrido uma enorme expansão e desenvolvimento nos últimos anos. Este estudo pretende demonstrar o papel da osteometria radiográfica na orientação da autópsia de fetos ou recém-nascidos post-mortem. Em termos metodológicos, este estudo teve por base uma pesquisa bibliográfica extensa, seguindo-se de um estudo observacional e retrospetivo. De seguida procedeu-se à recolha de dados biométricos e antropométricos, obtidos a partir dos relatórios das autópsias e das radiografias apensas realizadas em 152 fetos e recém-nascidos com idades inferiores a um ano, no período do ano de 2014 a 2015, observando-se que os valores variam principalmente em função da idade gestacional. Como principal resultado constatou-se que existem evidências estatísticas na osteometria radiográfica dos ossos longos (r=0,529, p<0,01), cujas medidas se relacionam diretamente com a idade gestacional. Conclui-se, assim, que a avaliação radiográfica nas autópsias de fetos e recém-nascidos é importante na determinação do subdesenvolvimento fetal ou pós-natal.
- Soleus and Brachioradialis Muscles Modulationin APAs Recruitment Prior to Stand to Sit and Gait – A Pilot Study in Post Stroke SubjectsPublication . Silva, Augusta; Silva, Cláudia; Pereira, S.; Santos, Rubim; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia SofiaNeural coupling, frequently impaired in post-stroke subjects, can be assessed through upper limb flexor components against gravitiy like the brachioradialis muscles activity. Based on the known infkuence of the lower limb activity in the upper limb motor behavior it can be raised the question on whether the dysfunctional modulation of the extensors also happens in the brachioradialis muscle.
- Antagonist co-activation during short and medium latency responses in subjects with chronic ankle instabilityPublication . Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia SofiaThis study aims to evaluate bilateral ankle antagonist co-activation during compensatory postural responses, including short latency responses (SLR) and medium latency responses (MLR), in response to a unilateral sudden ankle inversion in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Methods Twenty-four participants with CAI and 20 controls participated in the present study. Bilateral eletromyography of peroneus longus (PL), peroneus brevis (PB), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles was collected during a unilateral sudden inversion perturbation (30°) to assess antagonist co-activation of SOL/TA and TA/P pairs during SLR and MLR in both support and perturbed positions. Results Compared to control group, participants with CAI presented: (1) bilateral increased antagonist co-activation of SOL/TA MLR in the support position; and (2) decreased antagonist co-activation of TA/P MLR of uninjured limb in the support position and of injured limb in the perturbed position. Conclusions CAI involves deregulation of ankle antagonist co-activation of MLR in both injured and uninjured limbs.