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- A-Frame as a tool to create artistic collective installations in virtual realityPublication . Azevedo, João; Gomes, Paulo Sérgio Machado Veloso; Donga, João; Marques, António da SilvaVirtual Reality, due to its complexity and technological requirements, has a set of frictions that hinder its dissemination. The main ones can be summarized in the requirement to learn complex developing environments, like game engines, then we need to install applications, specific to each operating system and according to the means through which they can be accessed.
- Activities of Daily Living Inventory (ADLI): Proposal of a new instrument and preliminary dataPublication . Pinto, Joana O.; Pontes, Diogo; Dores, Artemisa R; Peixoto, Bruno; Barbosa, FernandoThe evaluation of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) has become a critical issue in neuropsychology, but existing instruments for evaluating ADL have some limitations. This work aims to propose a new instrument to evaluate ADL, the ADL Inventory (ADLI), for which we present preliminary data. The ADLI was developed based on a comprehensive model of the stages of test development and following a combined framework of the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health and the American Occupational Therapy Association models. Besides sociodemographic information, ADLI includes 144 items, organized into four sections: (a) basic ADL; (b) IADL; (c) advanced ADL; and (d) factors influencing functionality. The main characteristics of ADLI are: having self- and informant-report forms; including items focused on different sensory and neurocognitive functions; individualizing the progression along items considering the person’s functionality; considering the impact of several factors on functionality; and using a large response scale. Preliminary data of predictive and convergent validity for ADLI are presented. The preliminary study comprised 15 older adults. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination – III, the Barthel Index, and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale were applied to determine the predictive and convergent validity of ADLI.
- Adaptação cultural, tradução e avaliação psicométrica do questionário de estigma sobre a perturbação de hiperatividade e défice de atenção para países de língua portuguesaPublication . Couto, Beatriz; Trigueiro, Maria João; Simões-Silva, Vítor; Almeida, Raquel Simões de; Trigueiro, Maria João; Simões-Silva, Vitor; Simões de Almeida, RaquelApesar do crescente conhecimento sobre a Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção (PHDA), estas pessoas ainda enfrentam estigmas da sociedade. A pesquisa sobre o estigma associado à PHDA é limitada pela falta de instrumentos válidos e fiáveis. Este estudo teve como objetivo validar o Questionário de Estigma sobre a PHDA (ASQ) para a população portuguesa e perceber os níveis de estigma numa amostra comunitária. A amostra consistiu em 762 indivíduos, com idades entre 11 e 64 anos (média = 32,41 ±14,59 anos). A validação incluiu a tradução e adaptação cultural da versão original e a análise das propriedades psicométricas: fiabilidade (teste-reteste e consistência interna), validade de conteúdo e de construto. A consistência interna do ASQ foi excelente (α = 0,93) e os valores de teste-reteste (r = 0,86) suportam a fiabilidade do instrumento. Na validade de construto, a análise fatorial explicou 50,25% da variância e indicou uma nova distribuição dos itens 2, 3, 9 e 15 no instrumento. As mulheres (p<0,001) e os residentes em áreas costeiras (p=0,015) apresentaram níveis mais elevados de estigma. A utilização do ASQ para a pesquisa e prática clínica em Portugal é adequadamente suportada pelas suas propriedades psicométricas. Campanhas direcionadas de literacia e estigma da PHDA podem ser uma via importante para melhorar as atitudes da comunidade em geral em relação à PHDA
- Adapted chester step test can have maximal response characteristics for the assessment of exercise capacity in young womenPublication . Vilarinho, Rui; Mendes, Ana Rita; Gomes, Mariana; Ferreira, Rui; Costa, Fabiola; Machado, Marcela; Neves, Márcia; Caneiras, Cátia; Mesquita Montes, AntónioChester step test (CST) estimates the exercise capacity through a submaximal response, which can limit its application in the prescription of exercise. This study aimed to assess whether an adaptation of the CST (with a progressive profile) can have maximal response characteristics in young women and compare it to the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Another aim was to determine its within-day test–retest reliability. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 25 women (20.3 ± 1.5 years) who performed the field tests twice on two different days (48 h apart).
- Adaptive model for biofeedback data flows management in the design of interactive immersive environmentsPublication . Gomes, Paulo Veloso; Marques, António; Donga, João; Sá, Catarina; Correia, António; Pereira, JavierThe interactivity of an immersive environment comes up from the relationship that is established between the user and the system. This relationship results in a set of data exchanges between human and technological actors. The real-time biofeedback devices allow to collect in real time the biodata generated by the user during the exhibition. The analysis, processing and conversion of these biodata into multimodal data allows to relate the stimuli with the emotions they trigger. This work describes an adaptive model for biofeedback data flows management used in the design of interactive immersive systems. The use of an affective algorithm allows to identify the types of emotions felt by the user and the respective intensities. The mapping between stimuli and emotions creates a set of biodata that can be used as elements of interaction that will readjust the stimuli generated by the system. The real-time interaction generated by the evolution of the user’s emotional state and the stimuli generated by the system allows him to adapt attitudes and behaviors to the situations he faces.
- Allostatic interoception in frontotemporal dementia: A scoping review protocolPublication . Carneiro, Fábio; Hazelton, Jessica L.; Campos, Carlos; Ibáñez, Agustín; Ferreira-Santos, FernandoFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) encompasses a spectrum of disorders characterized by distinct behavioral, cognitive, and motor symptoms. Deficits in interoception and allostasis have garnered attention, considering the involvement of the allostatic-interoceptive network in FTD, their contribution to canonical social cognitive and affective deficits, and the identification of whole-body biomarkers related to autonomic and allostatic processes. Traditionally, interoception has been defined as the perception of visceral signals, yet contemporary understandings broaden this to encompass both the representation and regulation of the physiological state across bodily tissues. Consequently, interoceptive deficits in FTD extend beyond classical viscerosensory paradigms to include pain, temperature, autonomic, metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine phenomena. Allostasis involves the prospective regulation of energy balance, as well as the anticipation and adaptive response to homeostatic challenges. These repeated challenges result in physiological consequences measurable by markers of allostatic load, spanning various bodily systems. Despite emerging evidence highlighting dysfunction in interoception and allostasis in FTD, the literature remains fragmented, lacking cohesive reviews addressing the diverse mechanisms comprehensively. Thus, this scoping review examines the reciprocal interaction between brain and bodily physiology (interoception) and the physiological responses to environmental demands (allostatic load) in FTD. Following the principles outlined in the PRISMA statement, we will systematically search and screen quantitative primary research studies on patients with FTD, utilizing interoceptive or allostatic metrics. By synthesizing the existing literature, we aim to identify active research areas, delineate primary deficits across physiological systems, uncover syndrome-specific patterns of dysfunction, and identify the most promising and understudied domains in this field.
- Analysis and definition of data flows generated by bio stimuli in the design of interactive immersive environmentsPublication . Gomes, Paulo Sérgio Machado Veloso; Donga, João; Marques, António da Silva; Azevedo, João; Pereira, JavierThis work focuses on interactivity as one of the essential factors for creating immersive environments, particularly interactivity that generates involuntary responses over which the user does not have conscious control. A dynamic and adaptive model was designed to analyze and define the data flow generated by bio stimuli for the design of interactive immersive environments.
- Ankle stiffness assessment in individuals with chronic ankle instability in dual-task single leg stance on an unstable surfacePublication . Dias, Nuno; Estupendo, Hugo; Valente, Isabel; Carmo, Luis; Sousa, AndreiaThe shoulder of handball players suffers from the ongoing repetition of movement that may lead to the development of joint instability and modification of proprioceptive condition. Because the articular components of the shoulder joint are considered to have extreme importance on the static and dynamic stabilisation and quality of proprioceptive information, they may compromise the athlete’s performance. The purpose of our study was to verify if shoulder strength parameters (SSP) and joint position sense (JPS) of shoulder internal and external rotation may contribute to the development of shoulder instability in handball players.
- Antagonist co-activation during short and medium latency responses in subjects with chronic ankle instabilityPublication . Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia SofiaThis study aims to evaluate bilateral ankle antagonist co-activation during compensatory postural responses, including short latency responses (SLR) and medium latency responses (MLR), in response to a unilateral sudden ankle inversion in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Methods Twenty-four participants with CAI and 20 controls participated in the present study. Bilateral eletromyography of peroneus longus (PL), peroneus brevis (PB), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles was collected during a unilateral sudden inversion perturbation (30°) to assess antagonist co-activation of SOL/TA and TA/P pairs during SLR and MLR in both support and perturbed positions. Results Compared to control group, participants with CAI presented: (1) bilateral increased antagonist co-activation of SOL/TA MLR in the support position; and (2) decreased antagonist co-activation of TA/P MLR of uninjured limb in the support position and of injured limb in the perturbed position. Conclusions CAI involves deregulation of ankle antagonist co-activation of MLR in both injured and uninjured limbs.
- Antagonist coactivation of muscles of ankle and thigh in post-stroke vs. healthy subjects during sit-to-stand taskPublication . Pinho, Liliana; Sousa, Andreia S. P.; Silva, Cláudia; Cunha, Christine; Santos, Rubim; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.; Pereira, Soraia; Pinheiro, Ana Rita; Félix, José; Pinho, Francisco; Sousa, Filipa; Silva, AugustaThis study aims to analyse the coactivation of antagonist muscles of the thigh and ankle during the sit-to-stand task in post-stroke subjects, specifically during forward and antigravity sub-phases. A group of 18 healthy subjects and another with 18 subjects with a history of stroke participated voluntarily in this study. Bilateral surface electromyography (EMGs) of the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles were collected synchronously with ground reaction forces (GRF) during the sit-to-stand task. The magnitude of electromyographic (EMG) activity was analysed during forward translation and antigravity sub-phases which were determined through GRF signals. The coactivation was calculated to quantify the degree of antagonist coactivation according to the role of the muscles during the task. Statistically significant values were found between antagonist coactivation on both sub-phases of the sit-to-stand task when comparing healthy and post-stroke subjects (healthy with ipsilesional (IPSI); healthy with contralesional (CONTRA); and healthy with IPSI and with CONTRA limbs) in all muscle pairs analysed (p < 0.01), except on thigh muscles (p > 0.05), in the antigravity sub-phase. When comparing IPSI with CONTRA sides in post-stroke subjects, no statistically significant differences were found. Increased values of antagonist coactivation were observed in post-stroke subjects compared to healthy subjects (both IPSI and CONTRA limb) in the two sub-phases analysed. The forward sub-phase CONTRA limb showed higher antagonist coactivation compared to IPSI, while in the antigravity sub-phase, IPSI antagonist coactivation was higher than in the CONTRA. In conclusion, post-stroke subjects presented an antagonist coactivation more dysfunctional at the ankle joint muscles compared to the thigh segment. So, it seems that the distal segment could express more accurately the central nervous system dysfunction in post-stroke subjects, despite the need for further studies to achieve a better spatiotemporal understanding of the variability on coactivation levels.