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- Sustainability and hotel room pricing strategiesPublication . Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Bode, Oana R.Social welfare in the hospitality industry refers to the overarching efforts and initiatives aimed at promoting the well-being and satisfaction of various stakeholders within the sector. This includes not only guests but also employees, local communities, and the environment. In this paper, we consider two different economic models in the hospitality industry, where one consumer-friendly hotel competes with a for-profit hotel taking decisions on environmental corporate social responsibility and on room rates. Hotels choose environmental corporate social responsibility investments sequentially, and room rates simultaneously. We analyse the impact of their decisions on the social welfare and hotel room pricing strategies and we also do a comparison between the results obtained in both models.
- Marketing, competitiveness and promotion of tourist attractionsPublication . Liberato, Mónica M.; Vieira, Lício V. L.; Ferreira, Flávio; Neto, Jaime B.The purpose of this study is to identify, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the marketing strategies used to promote tourist attractions and make them more competitive. Marketing strategies are important elements for the economic development of a tourist destination and to keep it competitive in the market. However, it is important for managers to be cautious when choosing strategies to promote their tourism offerings, as wrong strategies can compromise many factors, including economic ones. The methodology used in this research is the survey of articles using the keywords competitiveness, marketing and tourist attraction that guided the searches in databases of international relevance. In RSL, 649 articles were identified, which after three inclusion and exclusion processes reached the 07 articles that answered the guiding question of the research. The results show that the main marketing strategies used to promote tourist attractions are: organization and participation of regional and international fairs, participation in regional tourism events, conferences and festivals, use of social media, use of slogans in advertising material and websites. promotion, brochures with city slogans, sports and photo competitions, billboards, mass media (film and TV), promotional videos, photo CD provided to visitors, signage in historic centers and city slogans. However, the most used strategy, according to the studies, is digital media, especially social networks, where supply and demand can interact, creating a relationship and strengthening CRM (Customer Relationship Management). The results show that there are many marketing efforts used by managers, both in the public and private sector, to enhance tourist destinations and thereby increase visitor numbers. The use of the literature review methodology, through the RSL technique that makes an exhaustive review of empiric research published in relevant journals, allow a synthesis of the marketing strategies used in the promotion of tourist attractions. Although the study provides useful results it is not possible to generalize, since the number of articles that answered the guiding question was researched.
- Desafios e facilitadores na aprendizagem prática em gastronomia: perspectivas de estudantes de instituições de ensino superior públicas em Portugal e no BrasilPublication . Koerich, Guilherme Henrique; Catapan, Araci Hack; Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Silva, José António
- Environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) in a price-set competition between private and state-owned hotelsPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio; Bode, Oana R.Environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) has emerged as a crucial concept in the business world, reflecting a growing recognition of the profound impact of corporate activities on the environment. We will study a model in which two hotels with different objectives must take decisions on environmental CSR policies and on room rates, considering the separation between ownership and management. We will discuss two cases: (i) the SO hotel takes the leader position; (ii) the FP hotel takes the leader position. The study was conducted using game theory techniques. The results allow us to conclude that by adopting environmental CSR, hotels are improving social welfare. In the case that SO hotel acts as a leader, we prove that both hotels adopt environmental CSR, whereas in the case of FP hotel acting as a leader, only the SO hotel (follower) adopts environmental CSR. In both cases, environmental CSR improves social welfare.
- Privatization and subsidization in a quantity-price-setting leadership duopolyPublication . Ferreira, FlávioThis paper considers mixed and privatized duopoly competition in which a state-owned welfare-maximizing public firm acts as leader and sets the price while a follower profit-maximizing private firm sets production output. The main propose of the paper is to present and compare the equilibrium outcomes in the two duopoly models, when the government subsidies or not the production.
- Stackelberg mixed duopoly with emission taxPublication . Ferreira, FlávioThis paper considers sequential decisions in a quantity-setting mixed market with emission tax. We analyse two different situations: (i) The public firm as being the leader; and (ii) the private firm as being the leader. We compare the results obtained in these two combinations, By also comparing the results got in previous literature for the simultaneous decision case, we conclude that the equilibrium emission tax is the lowest when the public firm is the leader. Throughout the paper we present other results.
- Licensing under Cournot vs Bertrand competitionPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio; Bode, Oana R.In this paper we consider, on one hand, a differentiated Cournot model, and, on the other hand, a differentiated Bertrand model, when one of the firms engages in an R&D process that gives an endogenous cost-reducing innovation. The aim of the present paper is two-fold. The first is to study the licensing of the costreduction by a per-unit royalty and a fixed-fee in these Cournot and Bertrand models. The second is to do a direct comparison between Cournot model and Bertrand model. We analyse the implications of these types of licensing contracts over the R&D effort, the profits of the firms, the consumer surplus and the social welfare. We show that some previous results for two-part tariff licensing are not robust, in the sense that they can be not true for just either a per-unit royalty contract or a fixed-fee contract. Furthermore, by using comparative static analysis, we conclude that the degree of the differentiation of the goods assumes a great importance in the results. We also discuss the optimal licensing, meaning that which licensing method is preferred, in each of the duopoly models considered.
- Preface of the "Symposium on Operational Research and Applications"Publication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, FlávioThe aim of the symposium is to bring together researchers with different backgrounds and interests in all aspects of Operational Research, its application in Industrial Organization, and its practice, in order to further communication, collaboration, and exchange of new ideas. This symposium welcomes all researchers, academicians, practitioners, as well as students interested in any branch of operational research. The topics include, but are not limited to the following: Optimization methods, Decision theory, Stochastic models, Simulation, Game theory, Queueing systems, Combinatorial Optimization, Cutting and Packing, Data mining, Optimal control, Transportation, Multi-objective optimization, Scheduling, and other.
- Hotel competition under uncertain demand: different objective functionsPublication . Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.This research applies game theory to analyse price-set competition between a nonprofit hotel and a for-profit (private) hotel, in a differentiated service market, with uncertain demand. The nonprofit hotel aims to maximize social welfare. We compute the Bayesian-Nash equilibrium, and we analyse the effects of the degree of the weight assigned to consumer surplus on market equilibrium outcomes. As a result, we get that as the nonprofit hotel values more the consumer surplus, both hotels set lower prices. Furthermore, the expected profit of the for-profit hotel decreases with the degree of the weight assigned to consumer surplus; and the expected profit of the nonprofit hotel decreases (resp., increases) with the degree of altruistic preference, for either low (resp., high) values of this degree. We also compare the results obtained with the ones when the nonprofit hotel aims to maximize the sum of its own profit with the consumer surplus (with some weight assigned to it).
- Price-setting hotel competition under uncertain demandPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, FlávioThis paper considers a price-set competition between a nonprofit hotel and a for-profit hotel, in a differentiated service market, with uncertain demand. We compute the Bayesian-Nash equilibrium, and we analyse the effects of the degree of altruistic preference on market equilibrium outcomes. As a result, we get that as the nonprofit hotel values more the consumer surplus, both hotels set higher (resp., lower) prices, if the probability of higher demand is high (resp., low). Furthermore, the expected profit of the for-profit hotel decreases (resp., increases) with the degree of altruistic preference, for either low or high (resp., intermediate) values of this degree. The expectation of the objective function of the nonprofit hotel increases with the degree of altruistic preference.