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- LOVE.DIST@NCE: ensino à distância como forma de equidade no acesso ao Ensino SuperiorPublication . Jesus, Ângelo,; Araújo, André,; Gonçalves, Maria João,O Ensino Superior tem assistido a um crescimento em todo o mundo nas últimas décadas. Contudo, verificam-se grandes assimetrias no que respeita ao acesso, com países/regiões específicos a apresentar acentuadas desigualdades de oportunidades, especialmente em grupos populacionais sub-representados devido ao status socioeconómico, raça, etnia, religião, idade, sexo, deficiência ou origem geográfica. Paralelamente, o acesso à internet tem vindo a massificar-se e provar o seu potencial como forma de democratização no acesso à informação. O projeto Love.Dist@nce foi criado para responder às necessidades da Geórgia e de Israel, com o contributo de parceiros Europeus, com o objetivo de promover a educação inclusiva através de ensino à distância. Após 18 meses de atividade o projeto segue o seu curso e foram já criados vários relatórios e materiais de apoio que servirão de base à implementação de unidades curriculares piloto atualmente em curso, envolvendo docentes, estudantes e não-docentes.
- Clinical Education - a fundamental curricular unit for all health practitionersPublication . Patrício, Brígida; Magina, Eugénia; Nunes, Helena; Faria, Paula Cristina; Araújo, André; Cunha, Maria JoãoClinical education is recognized as being crucial for the training of health professionals. This subject is debated amongst teachers, students and professionals. Besides the clinical and research skills, we look for other competencies such as oratory, creative thinking or leadership. We present the results of a study with 4th graders. It’s a exploratory study; the main purpose was to evaluate the outcomes of a unit of clinical education prepared according a new set of competencies and methodologies. The competencies were seen as valuable. Organization, leading or supporting a colleague, rethinking a program to serve client and family are equally important.
- Speech Production in Two Occlusal ClassesPublication . Jesus, Luis; Araújo, André; Costa, Isabel M.Background: The influence of the occlusal class in speech production has been studied using the X-ray Microbeam Speech Production Database (XRMB-SPD). Objectives/aims: This study aimed to relate the occlusal classes I and II with speech production adaptations. Methods: The Modified A-Space method was used to select 4 speakers (1 male and 1 female class I, 1 male and 1 female class II). Articulatory and acoustic features of the vowels were studied using different tasks and methods. The articulatory and acoustic features of consonants in male and female speakers of class I and class II from the XRMB-SPD were also described in detail. Measures extracted from multitaper spectra and articulatory data were used, to observe individual differences related with gender and dental occlusion. Results: Results showed some structural differences related to occlusal class and variance in class II subjects' structures and articulatory adaptations. However, subjects showed a high adaptation capacity, being able to adjust their articulations to produce all vowels. Conclusions: Speech production variability is related with orofacial structures' variance. Different structures produce various functional adaptations and distinct speech signals.
- love.dist@nce: a proposed model for inclusive higher education through e-learning, in Israel and GeorgiaPublication . Araújo, André; Cunha, Maria João; Heart, Tsipi; Khositashvili, GigaHigher Education (HE) has seen an astounding growth across the world in recent decades, and about a third of the population globally now go online to some form of post-secondary study. While there are increasing participation rates in all regions, there are still some significant disparities, with a gross enrolment ratio of 68% in Europe, 23% in Southern Asia and 9% in Sub-Saharan Africa (data from UNESCO Institute of Statistics). Furthermore, within specific countries, there are marked inequalities of opportunity.
- Masseter’s electromyographic assessment in diferent consistencies food swallowingPublication . Esperança, Joana; Araújo, André; Santos, Ricardo; Faria, Paula; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia Sofia; Pereira, NelsonOrofacial Miology is a clinical and research field of interest for Speech and Language Pathology. Surface Electromyography (SEMG) has been used as a complementary diagnostic method to develop normative data and characterization of different oral motor dysfunctions, including swallowing disorders. One application of this method occurs in monitoring the electrical activity of the muscles involved in swallowing However, there is a need to standardize the procedures for collecting and analyzing electromyographic study of swallowing.
- Caracterização microbiológica de águas utilizadas em hemodiálisePublication . Pinheiro, C.; Araújo, André; Amorim, Manuela; Moreira, Anabela; Condeço, JorgeA insuficiência renal crónica tem como possível tratamento a hemodiálise de alto-fluxo de hemodiafiltração. Este estudo tem por objectivo caracterizar a qualidade de águas de diálise, provenientes de 4 clínicas. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo transversal com base nos resultados das análises de águas de diálise, de 07-2009 a 04-2010. Nas amostras, à entrada do tratamento, verificou-se que 100% destas se encontravam nãoconformes nos parâmetros microbiológicos e 53,85% apresentavam-se não-conformes nos parâmetros químicos. Após tratamento, 6,41% continuavam não-conformes nos parâmetros microbiológicos e todas as amostras apresentaram-se conformes nos parâmetros químicos. Conclui-se que o tratamento tem elevado grau de efectividade.
- Ensino de ferramentas de coaching e programação neurolinguística a estudantes de licenciatura em Terapia da Fala: a perspetiva dos estudantesPublication . Patrício, Brígida; Araújo, André; Faria, Paula Cristina; Pinto, Marta; Ribeiro, CarolinaO ensino de soft skills a estudantes do ensino superior tem-se revelado muito importante. No Curso de Licenciatura em Terapia da Fala da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-P.Porto), este ensino é feito, também, através da utilização de ferramentas de Coaching e Programação Neurolinguística. No último ano de formação os estudantes implementam processos de intervenção diretamente com clientes, pelo que este ensino é feito de forma explícita, empoderando os estudantes para usá-las consigo próprios, com clientes, supervisores e equipa. Neste estudo são identificadas, na perspetiva dos estudantes: a) vantagens; b) desvantagens c) ferramentas mais importantes d) ferramentas utilizadas e d) dificuldades na utilização. A metodologia é qualitativa, com análise documental de peças reflexivas dos portefólios de Educação Clínica III. Foram analisados 56 portefólios, identificadas 32 peças sobre a temática e analisadas 16. Os estudantes identificaram vantagens para o desenvolvimento de competências intrapessoais e interpessoais. Não foram identificadas desvantagens. As ferramentas mais importantes e mais usadas foram as perguntas poderosas. A maior dificuldade foi a necessidade de treino. Esta prática pedagógica é útil no desenvolvimento de soft skills dos estudantes de ensino superior, em particular, dos estudantes de terapia da fala.
- Articulatory oral space measures using the modified A-SpacePublication . Jesus, Luís M. T.; Araújo, André; Costa, Isabel. M.The X-ray microbeam method for measurement of articulatory dynamics has been used to acquire large amounts of data, with reduced X-ray dosage, resulting in one of the most widely used freely available speech production databases. The X-ray Microbeam Speech Production Database (XRMB-SPD), developed at Wisconsin University, USA, includes a vast amount of coordinate data describing articulatory movements, and acoustic and electroglotographic data collected simultaneously. Honda et al. examined the geometry of the vocal track of American English and Japanese speakers from the XRMB-SPD, using a quadrilateral (A-Space) limited by the palate plane, the anterior nasal spine-menton line, the outline of the posterior pharyngeal wall, and a line parallel to the palatal plane, passing through the menton and extending to the pharyngeal wall. In this study the A-Space of different speakers varied in shape. The vowel articulations adapted to the form of the A-Space whilst consonant articulations were independent. each of the 57 speakers. This was used to measure the articulatory oral space (AOS) in the absence of cephalometric analysis, based on the Modified A-Space described in Fig. 1. Axis Reference electrodes Mobile electrodes Static articulatory coordinates Static mandible coordinates Axis Reference electrodes Mobile electrodes Static articulatory coordinates Static mandible coordinates Axis Reference electrodes Mobile electrodes Static articulatory coordinates Static mandible coordinates MaxOP MaxOP Maxillary occlusal plane Maxillary occlusal plane PHA PHA CON CON COR COR M5 M5 M1 M1 M4 M4 MANm MANm GON GON yy yy MAXn MAXn MAXg MAXg PAL PAL MAXi MAXi MNI MNI MANi MANi GNA GNA UL UL LL LL Mid-sagital plane Mid-sagital plane xx xx M3 M2 The Modified A-Space method was used to select 4 speakers in a study that relates occlusal classes with vowel, fricative and stop production adaptations. It allows the detailed characterization of the XRMB-SPD speakers not just in terms of mid-sagittal-plane area, but also in terms of antero-posterior distance, occlusal plane area, posterior pharynx wall tilt, mandible arch width, and oral cavity volume. This last measure has proven to be far more reliable and has revealed more speaker dependent characteristics than the measure previously proposed in.
- Acoustic and Temporal Analysis of swallowing sounds: use of electronic stethoscope on cervical auscultationPublication . Pereira, Nelson; Faria, Paula; Santos, Ricardo; Araújo, André; Esperança, Joana; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia SofiaSwallowing is a physiologic function consisting in the propulsion of the bolus into the stomach, with effective respiratory protection. Clinical intervention of Speech and Language Therapists requires improved and reliable methods of swallowing evaluation. Cervical Auscultation (CA) is especially appreciated as a noninvasive method. However, conventional stethoscopes do not provide quantitative measures to complement the perceptive auditory analysis of the swallowing sounds
- Reflective practices in speech and language therapy degreePublication . Gonçalves, Maria João; Faria, Mónica; Araújo, André G. M.; Faria, Paula Cristina; Pinto, Marta JoanaSpeech and language therapists are health professionals working with people with communication and swallowing-related problems. The scope of practice includes competences that go far beyond clinical and technical abilities. As in other fields, inter and intrapersonal competences are crucial to develop and establish quality health services and a well-succeeded career. Reflective practices are used to achieve a professional profile aligned with 21st century competences, with strong soft skills, and capacity to develop new competences during professional lifetime. This chapter presents the experience of a Portuguese health school where several tools and strategies have systematically been used for the last 15 years in a Speech and Language Therapy degree, as tutorials, portfolio, reflective reports, self- and peer assessments, simulations, and clinical practicum. The outcomes are relevant and may be inspiring for other allied health professions' education, including students, teachers, and clinical educators.