ESS - DM - Terapia Ocupacional
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- Exploring service users, families and professionals´ experiences with Open Dialogue in a portuguese psychosocial rehabilitation unitPublication . Ferreira, Ana Raquel da Rocha; Almeida, Raquel Simões de; Villares, Cecília; Pereira, João G.Open Dialogue is a collaborative and ongoing mental health intervention that emerged in Western Lapland, Finland, in the 1980s. Since then, it has spread globally, showing exceptional results, especially in th treatment of acute psychoses. This approach envolves the persona t the center of concern, their family and professionals in network meetings, with the aim of promoting mutual understanding and joint decision-making. Despite itssuccess, the implementation can face challenges, particularly in adapting to diferente organizational contexts and overcoming professional resistance. This study sought to explore the experiences of the person at the center of concerns, families and professionals during the implementation of Open Dialogue in a Portuguese Psychosocial Rehabilitation Unit called Montemovimento. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with thirteen inteviews with four persons at the center of the concern, four family members and five professionals. The participants were selected by purposive non-probabilistic sampling. Data was collected through semi-structered interviews and anlyzed through thematic analysis, using WebQDA software. Three dominant themes emerged: challenges in implementation, impact of the principles and impacto n the persona t the center of the concern, families and professionals. Challenges included resistance to change, time constraints and the need for cultural adaptation. Key principles such as flexibility, immediate help and acceptance of uncertainty were valued. The sessions promoted better communication and a more humanized therapeutic environment. It also facilitated better family involvement and professional collaboration. The results indicate that Open Dialogue promotes a more humanized and efective therapeutic environment, emphasizing the importance of family involvement and collaborative care. However, the challenges in implementaion highlight the need for ongoing training and organizational support if the benefits of this approach are to be fullu achieved.
- The intervention of occupational therapist using hippotherapy as Occupational Therapy treatment tool for transdioagnostic individuals: A scoping reviewPublication . Silva, Telma Alexandra Costa; Simões-Silva, VitorAn OT sees each person as an occupational being which helps the therapist focus his reasoning perspective on what, how, when, and why of an individual’s need for activity. HPOT as an OT treatment tool provides ample opportunities for treatment interventions with a high level of motor and sensory quality and a rich environment for developing skills in a meaningful contexto, in various diagnoses. To analyze, synthesize, and map the current state of existing knowledge on interventions performed and proposed by OT using HPOT as a treatment tool for transdiagnostic individuals. Scoping Review prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol. A thematic categorical analysis of the articles was performed using webQDA software. Of the 290 studies initially identifies, 23 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria, showing the contribution of hippotherapy as an OT treatment tool and the identification of gaps. The results demonstrate that OT sessions using HPOT as an OT treatment tool follow assessments with standardized and non-standardized instruments. OTs prefer the therapeutic use of occupations and activities, educational processes, and group sessions, using activities both on the ground and on horseback. These findings reinforce the value of HPOT as an OT treatment tool, promoting improvements in occupational performance, participation, and quality of life for transdiagnostic individuals.
- Effectiveness of games to promote mental health literacy - a systematic reviewPublication . Oliveira, Patrícia Alexandre; Coelho, TiagoThe prevalence of mental illeness is a growing concern worlwide, with around one in eight people affected, according to the World Health Organization. Mental health literacy has emerged as na importante strategy to combat the stigma associated with these pathologies and to increase recognition, management and help-seeking. Recente studies show the potential of game-based learning to promote mental health literacy. This systematic review aimed to map the existing literature on the effectiveness of games – both vídeo and anlog – in promoting mental health literacy. Of the studies included, only five directly evaluated the effectiveness of games in promoting mental health literacy. In addition, most of the games used wre single palyer (n=14; 93.3%), role-palying (n=9; 60.0%) vídeo games (n=14; 93.3%). Most of these interventions were not part of programs with other approaches (n=10; 66.7%) and were implemented in educational contexts, with primary and secondary school students as the predominant population (n=10, 66.7%). Finally, it was noticeable an increase of mental health literacy after the gameplay. The predominasse of single player role-palying vídeo games is due to their immersive, engaging and personalized nature, providing a safe environment for the player to reflect on and explore topics related to mental health. These interventions were essentially applied in educational contexts with primary and secondary school students, due to their vulnerability to developing mental disorders. Although most inteventions consist only of the game itself, the literature recommends that they should be parto f a multi-component intervention in order to maximize their effectiveness. That said, and despite the obvious potential of these interventions, more research is needed to explore the impact of game-based interventions in diferente populations and contexts and using various types of games.
- Immersive virtual reality reminiscence activities: assessment of engagement and participation, behavioral and psychological symptoms and weel-being of people with dementiaPublication . Pereira, Miguel Araújo; Coelho, Tiago; Campos, CarlosVirtual reality (VR) is a novel technology tha can be used to promote reminiscence among people with dementia, and there are still few studies on the contribution of the immersiveness allowed by VR to enhance therapeutic results. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of na immersive VR reminiscence session compared to a non-immersive reminiscence session, interms of engagement and participation, behavioral and psychological symptoms and well-being in people with dementia, using behavioral observation and measurement of psychological metrics during interventions. A randomized crossover trial was carried out, with a washout duration of seven days. 20 participants with dementia were recruited, with an average age of 80.55 years and of which 18 (90%) were women. The results indicated that there were significant differences in higher behavioral engagement (Z=-2.67, P=.008), higher apathy during the session, in terms of facial expressions (z=-2.12, P=.034) and lower apathy during the session, in terms of purposeful activity (z=-2.24, P=.025) in the immersive intervention compared to the non-immersive intervention. Moreover, the results indicated that the mean heart rate in the baseline rest condition was significantly lower tahn in the exposure condition, despite the type of intervention (F (1.235,19.764) = 4.333, P= .043). The results suggest that the immersiveness promoted by VR can be useful in promoting engagement of people with dementia in intervention programs. As these technologies are increasingly accessible and safe, it is justified to continue studying their contribution to enhancing therapeutic results.
- Avaliação da eficácia de programas de educação financeira para pessoas com dificuldades intelectuais e de desenvolvimento: Protocolo de Scoping ReviewPublication . Curvelo, Mariana Amaral; Melo, Bruno Vieira de; Silva, Vitor SimõesAs competências financeiras apresentam-se como um fator determinante para o sucesso de uma vida adulta, independente e autónoma. Em especial, quando falamos sobre jovens e adultos com dificuldades intelectuais e de desenvolvimento, que, na maioria das vezes, revelam um baixo conhecimento de literacia financeira. Apesar do desenvolvimento acentuado destes estudos, não se verifica o mesmo em relação à implementação de programas que proporcionam um maior conhecimento acerca deste tema, constatando-se atualmente um número limitado de programas completos e disponíveis. Além disso, os instrumentos mais utilizados para avaliar a capacidade financeira nestes programas são de caráter subjetivo, sugerindo-se, então, que sejam elaborados instrumentos de avaliação mais objetivos, que garantam as propriedades psicométricas da medida e que estejam adequadamente dimensionados, a fim de executar uma medição precisa da competência em questão. Realizamos um protocolo de uma Scoping Review, com o intuito de mapear os instrumentos de avaliação presentes na literatura que mensuram a eficácia de programas de literacia financeira para indivíduos com dificuldades intelectuais e de desenvolvimento. Este protocolo foi desenvolvido de acordo com as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo os critérios PRISMA-ScR e pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento de métodos de avaliação relevantes no âmbito e o desenvolvimento de programas baseados em evidência.
- Virtual reality´s potential to reduce public speaking anxiety: A pilot studyPublication . Correia, Maria de Oliveira; Almeida, Raquel Simões de; Marques, AntónioGlossophobia is an issue that many people face when it comes to speaking in public due to underlying social anxiety concerns impacting their abilities in various áreas, such as academics and professional settings. In this research project we are exploring the benefits of using virtual reality (VR) technology to help individuals cope with and alleviate public speaking fears. During six reality (VR) simulations involving 30 participants we tracked their reactions, including heart rate (HR) and electrodermal activity (EDA) while also evaluating their anxiety levels using the Public Speaking Anxiety Sclae (PSAS) and the Public Speaking Self-Assessment (PSSAS). The findings showed a decrease in heart rate and an enhancement in self-confidence as indicated by PSSAS signifying the participants gradual adjustment to speaking pressure. With EDA consistently increasing over time indicating that tension lingered despite physical progresso emphasizing the importance of incorporating further strategies for emotional control. These discoveries suggest integrating VR into therapy methods alongside neuroscience driven techniques like neurofeedback to develop holistic and tailored treatment approaches. Additionally, utilizing personalized contente such as an individual’s custom PowerPoint slides in conjuction with scenarios may augment the efficacy of virtual reality in addressing the challenges of public speaking anxiety.
- A perceção das ocupações significativas de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas: Contributo sobre a ocupação e bem-estarPublication . Gomes, Maria Manuela Branco Rodrigues Maio; Portugal, Paula; Sousa, Sara deA longevidade atingiu níveis sem precedentes, trazendo consigo um aumento significativo na população idosa. Este fenómeno impõe novos desafios à saúde pública e à assistência social, exigindo estruturas residenciais de longa duração e profissionais especializados no envelhecimento e na ciência ocupacional. As ocupações significativas, que conferem sentido e propósito à vida, são essenciais para o bem-estar das pessoas idosas. Contudo, muitas pessoas idosas institucionalizadas enfrentam barreiras que dificultam a sua participação, levando à privação ocupacional. Este estudo qualitativo e exploratório tem como objetivo compreender a perceção das ocupações significativas em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas, no que diz respeito à ocupação e ao bem-estar. O estudo contou com a participação de oito idosos, selecionados através de amostragem intencional. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, elaboradas com base num guião construído pela revisão da literatura existente, consultas a peritos e pré-testes. As entrevistas abordaram cinco temas principais: bem-estar e ocupação na velhice, desempenho ocupacional atual e passado, apoio familiar e motivação ocupacional, barreiras e facilitadores de participação ocupacional e satisfação com as atividades institucionais. A análise qualitativa dos dados demonstrou que as ocupações significativas são vitais para o bem-estar e o sentido de propósito da vida das pessoas idosas institucionalizadas.
- Virtual environments for relaxation and wellbeing: a pilot studyPublication . Monteiro, Maria Luís Freitas; Almeida, Raquel Simões deThere are many benefits to exposure to nature, and as VR continues to develop, it could provide a flexible intervention for vulnerable populations. Mental health can be promoted through vitual exposure to nature, and VR technology is best placed to provide the most realistic and immersive forest environments. The presente study aims to assess the feasibility of an eight-week VR-based forest therapy programme as an intervention to promote and improve the wellbeing and relaxation of people with experience of symptoms of anxiety, stress and/ or depression. A pilot study with a quasi-experimental research design was conducted in 20 adults recruited through and online survey and selected according to the desired criteria. Depression, anxiety and stress levels were accessed every session, before and after the VR immersion using DASS-21. Mental wellbeing was measured by WEMWBS at the beginning, halfway and end of the programme. A decrease to normal levels of depresion, anxiety and stress was reported, as well as an increase of mental wellbeing levels. Follow-up results showed no significant statistical differences comparatively to the last session, indicating last effects. An FT intervention programme using VR technology has potential to promote relaxation and wellbeing while reducing depression, anxiety and stress symptoms.
- O impacto do som no bem-estar dos profissionais da ULS São JoãoPublication . Silva, Maria Goreti Moreira Magalhães de Sousa; Sousa, Sara; Almeida, Raquel Simões de; Viana, JoãoO ambiente hospitalar é caracterizado por intensa pressão, tanto em termos de volume de pacientes quanto de responsabilidade. Os profissionais enfrentam diversos desafios diários que podem afetar o seu bem-estar físico, mental e emocional. O ruído hospitalar, frequentemente significativo, pode ter impactos negativos tanto psicológicos quanto fisiológicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto de diferentes tipos de sons (ruído hospitalar e sons da natureza) no bem-estar emocional dos profissionais da ULS São João. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo quasi-experimental com um grupo único, envolvendo uma amostra de 304 profissionais da ULS São João. Os dados foram recolhidos por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, Questionário ao Trabalhador do Projeto “NeoNoise” e do Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) para medir as respostas emocionais aos estímulos sonoros. Os participantes foram expostos a 20 estímulos sonoros (10 ruídos hospitalares e 10 sons da natureza) e os seus estudos emocionais foram avaliados. Os ruídos hospitalares geralmente resultaram em respostas emocionais negativas, com diferenças significativas observadas nos domínios do prazer, excitação e dominância. Por outro lado, os sons da natureza provocaram respostas emocionais positivas, indicando níveis mais altos de prazer, tranquilidade e controle. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as respostas emocionais dos participantes do sexo masculino e feminino, bem como entre diferentes grupos etários e anos de experiência profissional. Os resultados sugerem que o ruído hospitalar tem impacto negativo no bem-estar emocional dos profissionais da ULS São João, enquanto os sons da natureza têm um efeito positivo. O desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias para reduzir o ruído hospitalar e introduzir sons da natureza no ambiente de trabalho serão úteis para melhorar o bem-estar e o desempenho geral desses profissionais.
- Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for individuals with Arachnophobia: a pilot studyPublication . Lopes, Inês Ferreira; Almeida, Raquel Simões de; Marques, AntónioArachnophobia is a type of specific phobia and is defined as an extreme fear of spiders. It affects between 3.5% and 6.1% of the population. It is a chronic disorder that can have an impacto n people’s lives, as individuals with Arachnophobia tend to avoid situations where spiders are likely to be present. Through Virtual Reality, as exposure therapy, it is possible to obtain more assertive controlo f the therapeutic environment, facilitating adaptability and problem-solving and offering greater possibilities for personalization, flexibility, and control of the therapeutic process. This quasi-experimental study without a control group aimed to assess the effectiveness and impact of an intervention based on Virtual Reality in the treatment of arachnophobia. The sample consisted of 25 people. The impact of the program was measured through participation in a BAT and completion of the Fear of Spiders Questionnaire (FSQ) and the Spider Phobia questionnaire (SPQ-15) before and after the intervention and after two weeks (follow-up). The results of this study suggest that exposure therapy using Virtual Reality shows positive results and is a promising approach to treating individuals with spider phobia. Although some of the results are not entirely conclusive, significant positive differences were observed in all the evaluations carried out in relation to anxiogenic situations.