Browsing by Author "Silva, Cláudia"
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- Activation timings of the scapular stabilizers in subjects with a stroke affecting the right versus left hemispheresPublication . Ferreira, S.; Silva, Cláudia; Silva, A.; Carvalho, Paulo; Santos, RubimLesions affecting the right hemisphere influence the ability to plan the virtual reaching trajectory and, consequently the postural control. On the other hand, left hemisphere lesions affect the ability to select the adequate motor program to reach the target. This study aimed to explore the existence of differences at the activation timings and sequence of activation of the scapular stabilizers, mainly the serratus anterior, superior, middle and inferior trapezius fibers, in relation to the anterior deltoid, in subjects with a stroke affecting the right versus left hemispheres, during reaching. Besides, it aimed to establish comparisons between both sides of each subject and a group of subjects without of each subject and a group of subjects without pathology.
- Adequação de ferramentas e ambientes virtuais a uma carga de memória de trabalho efetiva para o processo de aprendizagemPublication . Silva, Augusta; Alexandrino, Ana S.; Silva, CláudiaPara a aprendizagem de tarefas complexas, como o raciocínio clínico em fisioterapia, é necessária uma gestão ponderada da carga da memória de trabalho, especialmente em Unidades curriculares (UCs) como a Educação Clínica (EC).
- Análise cinemática do membro superior no gesto de alcance – comparação entre jovens adultos pré-termo e de termoPublication . Pereira, Soraia; Almeida, Bruna; Santos, Rubim; Silva, CláudiaCrianças com idade gestacional inferior a 37 semanas, definidas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como crianças prematuras, podem apresentar, mesmo na ausência de lesão neurológica aparente, disfunções do movimento que se relacionam com um desenvolvimento neuromotor e comportamental atípico, verificando-se que os défices iniciais têm um efeito cascata no neurodesenvolvimento. Contudo, apesar da evidência de que as alterações do controlo postural (CP) se mantêm ao longo da vida da criança, não foi encontrada bibliografia que explorasse a manutenção dessas alterações até à idade adulta, especificamente entre os 18 e os 25 anos. Assim, foi objectivo deste estudo, avaliar a cinemática do membro superior e tronco e o comportamento do centro de pressão (CoP) durante o GA realizado em pé, comparando o membro superior dominante (MSD) com o membro superior não dominante (MSnD), em jovens adultos pré-termo e de termo.
- Analysis and quantification of upper-limb movement in motor rehabilitation after strokePublication . Silva, R. Mariana; Sousa, Emanuel; Fonseca, Pedro; Pinheiro, Ana Rita; Silva, Cláudia; Correia, Miguel V.; Mouta, SandraIt is extremely difficult to reduce the relations between the several body parts that perform human motion to a simplified set of features. Therefore, the study of the upper-limb functionality is still in development, partly due to the wider range of actions and strategies for motor execution. This, in turn, leads to inconsistent upper-limb movement parameterization. We propose a methodology to assess and quantify the upper-limb motor execution. Extracting key variables from different sources, we intended to quantify healthy upper-limb movement and use these parameters to quantify motor execution during rehabilitation after stroke. In order to do so, we designed an experimental setup defining a workspace for the execution of the action recording kinematic data. Results reveal an effect of object and instruction on the timing of upper-limb movement, indicating that the spatiotemporal analysis of kinematic data can be used as a quantification parameter for motor rehabilitation stages and methods.
- Ankle antagonist coactivation in the double-support phase of walking: Stroke vs. healthy subjectsPublication . Silva, Augusta; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia Sofia; Silva, Cláudia; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.; Santos, Rubim; Sousa, FilipaLesions at ipsilateral systems related to postural control at ipsilesional side, may justify the lower performance of stroke subjects during walking. To analyse bilateral ankle antagonist coactivation during double-support in stroke subjects. Methods: Sixteen (8 females; 8 males) subjects with a first isquemic stroke, and twenty two controls (12 females; 10 males) participated in this study. The double support phase was assessed through ground reaction forces and electromyography of ankle muscles was assessed in both limbs. Ipsilesional limb presented statistical significant differences from control when assuming specific roles during double support, being the tibialis anterior and soleus pair the one in which this atypical behavior was more pronounced. The ipsilesional limb presents a dysfunctional behavior when a higher postural control activity was demanded.
- Ankle behaviour during sitting to standing sequence in premature infantsPublication . Machado, Sónia; Moreira, Ana; Silva, Cláudia; Araújo, Daniela; Santos, RubimPremature infants often presents a different CNS structure and maturity, that frequently has influence on postural control (PC), and prematurity is also a risk factor for spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP). The movement sequence from sitting to standing (STS), being one of motor learning tasks that requires PC at the level of the ankle, seems to be a functional task often compromised in premature infants with and without CP.
- Antagonist coactivation of muscles of ankle and thigh in post-stroke vs. healthy subjects during sit-to-stand taskPublication . Pinho, Liliana; Sousa, Andreia S. P.; Silva, Cláudia; Cunha, Christine; Santos, Rubim; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.; Pereira, Soraia; Pinheiro, Ana Rita; Félix, José; Pinho, Francisco; Sousa, Filipa; Silva, AugustaThis study aims to analyse the coactivation of antagonist muscles of the thigh and ankle during the sit-to-stand task in post-stroke subjects, specifically during forward and antigravity sub-phases. A group of 18 healthy subjects and another with 18 subjects with a history of stroke participated voluntarily in this study. Bilateral surface electromyography (EMGs) of the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles were collected synchronously with ground reaction forces (GRF) during the sit-to-stand task. The magnitude of electromyographic (EMG) activity was analysed during forward translation and antigravity sub-phases which were determined through GRF signals. The coactivation was calculated to quantify the degree of antagonist coactivation according to the role of the muscles during the task. Statistically significant values were found between antagonist coactivation on both sub-phases of the sit-to-stand task when comparing healthy and post-stroke subjects (healthy with ipsilesional (IPSI); healthy with contralesional (CONTRA); and healthy with IPSI and with CONTRA limbs) in all muscle pairs analysed (p < 0.01), except on thigh muscles (p > 0.05), in the antigravity sub-phase. When comparing IPSI with CONTRA sides in post-stroke subjects, no statistically significant differences were found. Increased values of antagonist coactivation were observed in post-stroke subjects compared to healthy subjects (both IPSI and CONTRA limb) in the two sub-phases analysed. The forward sub-phase CONTRA limb showed higher antagonist coactivation compared to IPSI, while in the antigravity sub-phase, IPSI antagonist coactivation was higher than in the CONTRA. In conclusion, post-stroke subjects presented an antagonist coactivation more dysfunctional at the ankle joint muscles compared to the thigh segment. So, it seems that the distal segment could express more accurately the central nervous system dysfunction in post-stroke subjects, despite the need for further studies to achieve a better spatiotemporal understanding of the variability on coactivation levels.
- Antagonist coativation in stroke vs healthy subjects during sit-to-standPublication . Silva, Augusta; Sousa, Andreia S. P.; Silva, Cláudia; Santos, Rubim; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.; Calheno, Teresa; Sousa, FilipaHigh levels og antagonista coativation is frequently found in post stroke subjects, related with postural control impairments. The bilateral postural control dysfunction expected in post-stroke subjects is due to the bilateral disposal of reticulospinal system.
- Anticipatory postural adjustments during sitting reach movement in post-stroke subjectsPublication . Pereira, Soraia; Silva, Cláudia; Ferreira, Sílvia; Silva, Cláudia; Oliveira, Nuno; Santos, Rubim; Vilas Boas, João; Correia, Miguel V.The study assessed the effect of velocity of arm movement on the generation of APAs in the contralateral and ipsilateral muscles of individuals with stroke in the sitting position. In the sitting position, 10 healthy and 8 post-stroke subjects reached for an object placed at the scapular plane and mid-sternum height at self-selected and fast velocities. Electromyography was recorded from the anterior deltoid (AD), upper (UT) and lower trapezius (LT), and latissimus dorsi (LD). Kinematic analysis was used to assess peak velocity and trunk displacement. Post-stroke subjects presented a delay of APAs on both sides of the body compared to healthy subjects. Differences were found between the timing of APAs on the ipsilateral and contralateral LD and LT in both movement speeds and in the ipsilateral UT during movement of the non-affected arm at a self-selected velocity. A delay in the contralateral LD in the reaching movement with the non-affected arm at fast velocity was also observed. Trunk displacement was greater in post-stroke subjects. In the sitting position, APAs were delayed in both fast and self-selected movements on both sides in post-stroke subjects, which also presented a higher trunk displacement.
- Anticipatory postural adjustments in the shoulder girdle in the reach movement performed in standing by post-stroke subjectsPublication . Silva, Cláudia F.; Pereira, Soraia; Silva, Cláudia; Ferreira, Sílvia; Oliveira, Nuno; Santos, RubimAfter a stroke in middle cerebral artery territory, there is a high probability of dysfunction of the ventromedial pathways, mainly related with postural control mechanisms such as the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). According to neuroanatomical knowledge, these pathways have a predominant ipsilesional disposition, which justifies a bilateral postural control dysfunction, often neglected in rehabilitation. In order to assess this bilateral postural control dysfunction, electromyography activity was assessed in eight post-stroke and 10 healthy individuals in the anterior deltoids, the superior and lower trapezius, and the latissimus dorsi as they reached for a bottle with both upper limbs separately at a self-selected velocity and fast velocity while standing associated with trunk kinematics analysis. Through this analysis it was possible to compare the timing of APAs in scapular muscles between sides in post-stroke and with healthy individuals, and to verify if there is a relation between the timing and the displacement of the trunk in the temporal window of the APAs. Indeed, post-stroke individuals show a delayed activation of APAs on scapular girdle muscles on both ipsilesional and contralesional sides, which were not reflected in the trunk displacement.