Browsing by Author "Pereira, Soraia"
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- Análise cinemática do membro superior no gesto de alcance – comparação entre jovens adultos pré-termo e de termoPublication . Pereira, Soraia; Almeida, Bruna; Santos, Rubim; Silva, CláudiaCrianças com idade gestacional inferior a 37 semanas, definidas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como crianças prematuras, podem apresentar, mesmo na ausência de lesão neurológica aparente, disfunções do movimento que se relacionam com um desenvolvimento neuromotor e comportamental atípico, verificando-se que os défices iniciais têm um efeito cascata no neurodesenvolvimento. Contudo, apesar da evidência de que as alterações do controlo postural (CP) se mantêm ao longo da vida da criança, não foi encontrada bibliografia que explorasse a manutenção dessas alterações até à idade adulta, especificamente entre os 18 e os 25 anos. Assim, foi objectivo deste estudo, avaliar a cinemática do membro superior e tronco e o comportamento do centro de pressão (CoP) durante o GA realizado em pé, comparando o membro superior dominante (MSD) com o membro superior não dominante (MSnD), em jovens adultos pré-termo e de termo.
- Antagonist coactivation of muscles of ankle and thigh in post-stroke vs. healthy subjects during sit-to-stand taskPublication . Pinho, Liliana; Sousa, Andreia S. P.; Silva, Cláudia; Cunha, Christine; Santos, Rubim; Tavares, João Manuel R. S.; Pereira, Soraia; Pinheiro, Ana Rita; Félix, José; Pinho, Francisco; Sousa, Filipa; Silva, AugustaThis study aims to analyse the coactivation of antagonist muscles of the thigh and ankle during the sit-to-stand task in post-stroke subjects, specifically during forward and antigravity sub-phases. A group of 18 healthy subjects and another with 18 subjects with a history of stroke participated voluntarily in this study. Bilateral surface electromyography (EMGs) of the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles were collected synchronously with ground reaction forces (GRF) during the sit-to-stand task. The magnitude of electromyographic (EMG) activity was analysed during forward translation and antigravity sub-phases which were determined through GRF signals. The coactivation was calculated to quantify the degree of antagonist coactivation according to the role of the muscles during the task. Statistically significant values were found between antagonist coactivation on both sub-phases of the sit-to-stand task when comparing healthy and post-stroke subjects (healthy with ipsilesional (IPSI); healthy with contralesional (CONTRA); and healthy with IPSI and with CONTRA limbs) in all muscle pairs analysed (p < 0.01), except on thigh muscles (p > 0.05), in the antigravity sub-phase. When comparing IPSI with CONTRA sides in post-stroke subjects, no statistically significant differences were found. Increased values of antagonist coactivation were observed in post-stroke subjects compared to healthy subjects (both IPSI and CONTRA limb) in the two sub-phases analysed. The forward sub-phase CONTRA limb showed higher antagonist coactivation compared to IPSI, while in the antigravity sub-phase, IPSI antagonist coactivation was higher than in the CONTRA. In conclusion, post-stroke subjects presented an antagonist coactivation more dysfunctional at the ankle joint muscles compared to the thigh segment. So, it seems that the distal segment could express more accurately the central nervous system dysfunction in post-stroke subjects, despite the need for further studies to achieve a better spatiotemporal understanding of the variability on coactivation levels.
- Anticipatory postural adjustments during sitting reach movement in post-stroke subjectsPublication . Pereira, Soraia; Silva, Cláudia; Ferreira, Sílvia; Silva, Cláudia; Oliveira, Nuno; Santos, Rubim; Vilas Boas, João; Correia, Miguel V.The study assessed the effect of velocity of arm movement on the generation of APAs in the contralateral and ipsilateral muscles of individuals with stroke in the sitting position. In the sitting position, 10 healthy and 8 post-stroke subjects reached for an object placed at the scapular plane and mid-sternum height at self-selected and fast velocities. Electromyography was recorded from the anterior deltoid (AD), upper (UT) and lower trapezius (LT), and latissimus dorsi (LD). Kinematic analysis was used to assess peak velocity and trunk displacement. Post-stroke subjects presented a delay of APAs on both sides of the body compared to healthy subjects. Differences were found between the timing of APAs on the ipsilateral and contralateral LD and LT in both movement speeds and in the ipsilateral UT during movement of the non-affected arm at a self-selected velocity. A delay in the contralateral LD in the reaching movement with the non-affected arm at fast velocity was also observed. Trunk displacement was greater in post-stroke subjects. In the sitting position, APAs were delayed in both fast and self-selected movements on both sides in post-stroke subjects, which also presented a higher trunk displacement.
- Anticipatory postural adjustments in the shoulder girdle in the reach movement performed in standing by post-stroke subjectsPublication . Silva, Cláudia F.; Pereira, Soraia; Silva, Cláudia; Ferreira, Sílvia; Oliveira, Nuno; Santos, RubimAfter a stroke in middle cerebral artery territory, there is a high probability of dysfunction of the ventromedial pathways, mainly related with postural control mechanisms such as the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). According to neuroanatomical knowledge, these pathways have a predominant ipsilesional disposition, which justifies a bilateral postural control dysfunction, often neglected in rehabilitation. In order to assess this bilateral postural control dysfunction, electromyography activity was assessed in eight post-stroke and 10 healthy individuals in the anterior deltoids, the superior and lower trapezius, and the latissimus dorsi as they reached for a bottle with both upper limbs separately at a self-selected velocity and fast velocity while standing associated with trunk kinematics analysis. Through this analysis it was possible to compare the timing of APAs in scapular muscles between sides in post-stroke and with healthy individuals, and to verify if there is a relation between the timing and the displacement of the trunk in the temporal window of the APAs. Indeed, post-stroke individuals show a delayed activation of APAs on scapular girdle muscles on both ipsilesional and contralesional sides, which were not reflected in the trunk displacement.
- Disfunção do Movimento em Condições Neurológicas: Avaliação e Interpretação para a Intervenção em FisioterapiaPublication . Silva, Augusta; Sousa, Andreia; Cunha, Christine; Ferreira, Rosália; Pereira, Soraia; Silva, CláudiaE-book de estudo com casos clínicos
- Enfarte agudo do miocárdioPublication . Gonçalves, Ana Patrícia; Pereira, Soraia; Gomes, Ana Patrícia; Lamas, MC; Mota, Sandra; Amorim, ManuelaAs cardiopatias isquémicas, nomeadamente, o enfarte agudo do miocárdio (EAM), representam uma das principais causas de mortalidade em Portugal. O EAM está associado a vários fatores de risco, dos quais alguns modificáveis e associados a estilos de vida saudável. Esta é uma das vertentes em que podemos intervir de modo a reverter esta tendência. Neste seguimento, no âmbito da unidade curricular de Educação Clínica II, na vertente das Análises Clínicas e Saúde Pública, do curso de Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais da ESS|Porto, realizou-se uma sessão de sensibilização em colaboração de uma Junta de Freguesia. Esta sessão teve como objetivo dar a conhecer a patologia e medidas de prevenção, contribuindo desta forma para reconhecer fatores de risco, necessidade de alteração de hábitos alimentares e de atividade física, biomarcadores a controlar e a disponibilidade de biossensores para melhor promover a saúde individual e respetiva responsabilização. Com recurso ao software PowerPoint a informação apresentada foi estruturada nos seguintes tópicos: mortalidade e morbilidade, fisiopatologia, sinais e sintomas, fatores de risco, como reconhecer e atuar e qualidade de vida após enfarte. Durante toda a sessão foi estimulado o diálogo com os participantes através de várias metodologias: MindMeter, utilização de cartões de cores distintas para avaliar e discutir conhecimentos, aplicação PollEv para que tivessem retorno sobre o conhecimento adquirido ou aprofundado na sessão. De forma a avaliar a sessão foi distribuído um questionário de satisfação. Os participantes consideraram o tema muito pertinente (78,0%) e gostaram da forma como os conteúdos foram abordados (78,0%). A temática que despertou maior interesse foi a descrição da patologia (78,6%) seguindo-se os sinais e sintomas (64,3%). Quer os participantes quer a Junta de Freguesia manifestaram interesse na continuidade deste tipo de intervenções que consideram fundamentais para a população desta zona ter consciência da sua responsabilidade na gestão da sua saúde.
- Force irradiation effects during upper limb diagonal exercises on contralateral muscle activationPublication . Abreu, Rosa; Lopes, Alfredo; Pinheiro De Sousa, Andreia Sofia; Pereira, Soraia; Castro, Marcelo P.The aim of this study was to explore the force irradiation effects of upper limb isometric diagonal exercises on shoulder muscle activities. Interactions among diagonal directions, contraction intensities (moderate and maximum) and sex were assessed. Thirty healthy subjects (11 males) performed isometric unilateral diagonal exercises based on proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique in an isokinetic dynamometer with their dominant upper limbs. The second diagonal for flexion and for extension were assessed while the participants performed their maximum isometric torque (MIT) and at 25% of their MIT. During the exercise the muscle activity of the medial deltoid, pectoralis major and upper trapezius in the non-dominant (non-exercised) upper limbs of the participants was recorded by surface electromyography. The highest muscle activity occurred in the upper trapezius during the diagonal for flexion (27% of maximum isometric voluntary contractions). Upper trapezius and pectoralis major were more active during the diagonal for flexion than diagonal for extension (p < 0.001), while similar values between both diagonals were observed for the medial deltoid (p > 0.05). In conclusion, we observed that force irradiation during upper limb diagonal exercises is affected by diagonal direction, contraction intensity and sex when performed by healthy participants.
- Kinematic analysis of the upper limb in reaching – a study in preterm and term young adults.Publication . Pereira, Soraia; Almeida, Bruna; Santos, Rubim; Silva, CláudiaEven in the absence of apparent neurological injury, preterm children, defined by the World Health Organization as babies born before the 37th week of pregnancy, may present movement disorders that are related to atypical neuromotor and behavioral development, noting that these initial deficits have a ripple effect on neurodevelopment. However, despite the evidence that changes in postural control (CP) remain throughout the child’s life, no evidence was founded regarding the maintenance of these changes until adulthood, specifically between 18 and 25 years of age, and whether these have implications for the function of the upper limb. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the kinematics of the upper limb and trunk and the behavior of the center of pressure (CoP) during the performance of the reach movement in standing, comparing the dominant upper limb (DL) with the non-dominant upper limb (NDL), in preterm and term young adults.
- Organização do stiffness passivo do cotovelo em sujeitos com acidente vascular encefálicoPublication . Pereira, Soraia; Sousa, Andreia; Santos, Rubim; Silva, AugustaDas possíveis alterações decorrentes da lesão por Acidente Vascular Encefálico é de evidenciar as alterações de controlo postural que se podem refletir no aumento do stiffness passivo. A reabilitação neuro-motora visa potenciar a reorganização das redes neurais tendo em conta a capacidade intrínseca do Sistema Nervoso Central de se adaptar face ao input aferente. Posto isto, pretende-se descrever o comportamento do stiffness passivo do cotovelo em sujeitos com Acidente Vascular Encefálico face à intervenção em fisioterapia.
- Physical activity, readiness, and cardiovascular risk stratification in the polytechnics communities of the northern region of portugal integrated in mobility as a service conceptPublication . Sousa, Andreia; Guedes, Diana C.; Félix, José; Pereira, Soraia; Santos, RubimThe aim of the study is to characterize physical activity (PA) levels and PA readiness as well as stratify cardiovascular risk among the population of polytechnics community members in the north region of Portugal, including students, academic teachers, and non-teacher staff. An online questionnaire about general sample characterization, PA level, and readiness was applied. Of the 717 respondents, 237 were academic teachers, 143 were non-teacher staff, and 337 were students. Most of the participants had a level of moderate PA, including students, academic teachers, and non-teacher staff (82%). The sedentary behavior was higher in the academic teachers and non-teacher staff groups. A total of 56% of the participants had low cardiovascular risk; the group of students were the population with higher risk. Approximately half of the participants need to consult a qualified professional before increasing their PA. Overall, the participants presented moderate levels of PA, although there is still a considerable number of sedentary people that must be considered.