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- Applications of Proteomics in AquaculturePublication . Rodrigues, Pedro M.; Schrama, Denise; Campos, Alexandre; Osório, Hugo; Freitas, MarisaAquaculture is one of the fastest growing world industries due to the increased demand of fishery products for human consumption and capture restrictions as a result of aquatic ecosystems exploitation. Aquaculture is therefore an extremely competitive business with major challenges to keep a high quality farmed fish through a sustainable production system. These challenges imposed quite important changes in this more traditional market, namely at the level of integrating scientific knowledge and research. Proteomics presents itself as a powerful tool not only for a better understanding of the marine organisms biology but also to provide solutions to deal with changes and the increasing demand in the system’s production line to ensure the required supply. In this book chapter we will give an overview of aquaculture nowadays, its challenges and describe relevant proteomics studies in several areas of this industry. A brief description of the proteomics technical approaches applied to aquaculture will also be addressed.
- Management of food allergens in contract catering: evaluation of the knowledge of employees, verification of labeling compliance and validation of sanitation plansPublication . Freitas, Marisa; Seixas, Andrea; Rebelo, Andreia; Costa, Natália; Costa, CarmenFood allergies have been increasing in recent years, with gluten being one of the most prevalent allergens. Since there is no cure for food allergies, eviction is the best strategy for allergic individuals. Thus, labeling is particularly relevant, enabling susceptible consumers making safe choices without compromising their nutrition. Regulation (EU) No.1169/2011 imposes the allergen declaration of unpackaged food to all food operators. However, the management of allergens in contract catering is difficult due to the random nature of the developed activities, where cross-contamination is probable to occur.
- Evaluation of the noise exposure of symphonic orchestra musiciansPublication . Rodrigues, Matilde; Freitas, Marisa; Neves, Paula; Vieira Da Silva, ManuelaFor musicians, the impact of noise exposure is not yet fully characterized. Some inconsistencies can be found in the methodology used to evaluate noise exposure. This study aims to analyze the noise exposure of musicians in a symphonic orchestra to understand their risk for hearing loss, applying the methodology proposed by ISO 9612:2009. Noise levels were monitored among musicians during the rehearsal of eight different repertoires. Test subjects were selected according to their instrument and position in the orchestra. Participants wore noise dosimeters throughout the rehearsals. A sound meter was used to analyze the exposure of the conductor. The results showed that musicians are exposed to high noise levels that can damage hearing. Brass, woodwind and percussion and timpani musicians were exposed to noise levels in excess of the upper exposure action level of 85 dB (A), while the other instrumental groups had a lower exposure action level of 80 dB (A). Percussion musicians were exposed to high peak noise levels of 135 dB (C). Sound levels varied by instrument, repertoire and position. Octave frequency analyses showed differences among musicians. This study suggests that musicians are at risk for hearing loss. There is a need for more effective guidelines applicable to all countries, which should define standardized procedures for determining musician noise exposure and should allow exposure level normalization to the year, including different repertoires.
- Effects of cylindrospermopsin and glyphosate at environmentally relevant concentrations on growth and mineral content of beetroot plants (Beta vulgaris)Publication . Priya, V.; Freitas, Marisa; Pinto, Edgar; Almeida, A.; Oliveira, F.; Azevedo, J.; Campos, A.; Sudhakaran, R.; Vasconcelos, V.Natural toxins produced by freshwater cyanobacteria, such as cylindrospermopsin (CYN), have been regarded as an emergent environmental threat. Cyanotoxins can be applied directly to soil by using contaminated water for agricultural irrigation. Despite the risks for food safety, the impact of cyanotoxins in agriculture is not yet fully understood. Furthermore, in soil-plant system the simultaneous occurrence of cyanotoxins and pesticides can be highly expectable. Pesticides, especially residues of glyphosate (GLY), have been frequently detected in soils and have been recognized to contribute to soil toxicity. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) are root vegetables, extensively consumed worldwide with great importance for human nourishment and economy. It is, therefore, important to evaluate the effects of using water contaminated with CYN and GLY on beetroot cultivation. This study aimed to assess the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CYN, GLY and a mixture of both on growth and mineral content of beetroot (roots and leaves) cultivated in soil system. Plants were exposed in controlled conditions to CYN-crude extracts (50μg/kg) (Chrysosporum ovalisporum culture - LEGE X-001), isolated and in mixture with GLY (750 μg/kg) for 4 months. Beetroot growth was assessed by determining its fresh (Fw) and dry weight (Dw). The determination of mineral content was made by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), after sample mineralization by microwaveassisted acid digestion. The results denote that Fw and Dw of beetroot (leaves and roots, respectively) were significantly changed (P
- Preparation of infant formula in hospitals: evaluation of the degree of hygiene and utensils, surfaces and equipmentPublication . Santos, Joana; Xavier, Ana; Alberto Alves Carvalhais, Carlos; Freitas, Marisa; Lourenço, Irina; Vieira da Silva, ManuelaPoster apresentado em 2010 na conferência anual EFFoST Annual Meeting
- 3rd International Congress of Environmental Health: Proceedings BookPublication . Vieira Da Silva, Manuela; Oliveira, Rui S.; Rodrigues, Matilde; Nunes, Mafalda; Santos, Joana; Carvalhais, C.; Rebelo, Andreia; Freitas, Marisa; Xavier, AnaThis third edition addresses to ‘Emerging risks and challenges for the environment, health and safety’ and intended as a guide to the various symposiums and workshops, to provide all present the most recent scientific and technological advances in the areas: Occupational Health and Toxicology; Exposure to Nanoparticles; Assessment and Risk Management; Occupational Safety; Exposure to Bioaerosols; Environment and Sustainability; Food Safety and Public Health.
- Importance of climate change manifestations and urban green areas on the potential expansion of ixodid vectorsPublication . Barbosa, Rui; Monteiro, Ana; Freitas, MarisaUrban development combined with climate change can trigger negative effects in the ecosystems. Although the recognized environmental benefits, the implementation of urban green areas can increase the number of habitats favorable to the spread of ixodid vectors, as well as to increase its contact with humans and animals, which may constitute a public health problem. Nowadays, to increase the effectiveness of health services intervention, is necessary to create multidisciplinary teams. In this context, geography, through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), plays a crucial role. This software contributes to operate and export geographic alphanumeric information in a global, regional, or local scale. The aim of this study was to conjecture the potential vulnerabilities of climate change and the expansion of urban green areas on the occurrence of ixodid vectors in urban environments. Besides, it is intended to demonstrate the application of GIS methodology in delimiting higher risk zones and to propose new locations for ixodid vectors surveillance. The study area was composed by four municipalities of Porto metropolitan zone (Northern Portugal). The study was divided into three topics: characterization of local climate conditions, climate forecasts as well as green areas, surveillance data of ixodid vectors in the study area, identification of susceptible and risk areas of ixodid vectors expansion. The expansion of vectors in urban area was confirmed, evidencing that climate change combined with urban green areas can result in an increased dissemination of ixodid vectors in urban environments, consequently, may increase the incidence of diseases transmitted by them. This study shows that GIS constitute a profitable tool for a more fruitful site demarcation of ixodid vectors monitoring, increasing the success of its capture in the free-living phase. The more active identification of risk areas will allow health services to take more effective measures.
- Avaliação da higiene e práticas de trabalho em estúdios de tatuagem e perfuraçãoPublication . Teixeira, Sara; Freitas, Marisa; Rodrigues, Matilde; Vieira da Silva, ManuelaNos últimos anos o número de pessoas que aderiu à aplicação de tatuagens e piercings aumentou significativamente. Ambas as técnicas são invasivas e fragmentam a integridade da pele. Se não forem adoptadas medidas de instalação, de funcionamento e boas práticas de higiene, o potencial de contaminação microbiológica pode causar vários riscos por agentes biológicos e químicos. O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar a higiene e o grau de conhecimento dos profissionais relativamente aos procedimentos e medidas de prevenção que utilizam estas práticas. Foi aplicada uma check-list, para avaliar as condições estruturais e higio-sanitárias dos estúdios, e um questionário na avaliação do nível de formação dos profissionais. Foi ainda estudado o grau de contaminação microbiológica das superfícies e equipamentos de trabalho. Ao nível estrutural foram encontradas não conformidades relacionadas com a inexistência de separação física entre as salas de realização de tatuagens, piercings e esterilização (60%), e a inexistência de lavatório para higienização das mãos nas salas de actividades (60%). Os resultados sobre o grau de conhecimentos indicam que apenas 30% e 35% tiveram formação na área de SHST e sobre o controlo de infecção, respectivamente. O grau de contaminação microbiana foi superior nos estabelecimentos em que foi detectado um maior número de não conformidades relativamente aos microrganismos mesofilos totais e Staphylococcus aureus O presente estudo permite concluir que os profissionais carecem de formação e orientações específicas, devendo ser trabalhadas e vistoriadas, realçando ainda, as questões básicas de higiene a aplicar nos estúdios de tatuagem e piercings, prevenindo o risco de transmissão de doenças.
- Toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins monitoring studies in the framework of TOXICROP ProjectPublication . Uro, V. H.; Ranilla, C. A.; Oliveira, F.; Freitas, Marisa; Azevedo, J.; Ferreira, J.; Vasconcelos, Vítor; Campos, AlexandreFresh water resources in many countries are vulnerable due to their biogeographical and climatic characteristics. Moreover higher water consumption and higher human impacts in the downstream water bodies is leading to a higher eutrophication with increased incidence and intensity of cyanobacteria blooms and their toxins. The scarcity of clean water resources leads to the compulsory use of water containing cyanobacteria and their toxins in agriculture. TOXICROP is a European project funded by the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) programme aimed, among other objectives, to map agricultural risk areas of cyanotoxin occurrence, in countries that participate in the Project. In 2019 two monitoring campaigns were accomplished, in Pisão reservoir, located in the South region of Portugal, in September 2019, and in El Pañe an Aguada-Blanca reservoirs, located in the Andean Plateau, in the region of Arequipa, Peru, in October 2019. Sampling points were identified in these lakes and 1L samples were collected with assistance of a boat. Other water infrastructures relevant for this study, i.e., waterways, irrigation canals, irrigation hidrants and small irrigation reservoirs, were identified and sampled as well. Moreover, soil and plant samples were collected from an important agricultural area in the region of Arequipa city, which will be also subject to chemical analyses for detection and quantification of cyanotoxins. Here we present the monitoring work performed in the field, in the framework of TOXICROP project.
- A population under smoke: fire events trigger severe air pollution in PortugalPublication . Miraglia, Simone Georges El Khouri; Debone, Daniela; Ribeiro, Clara Lopes; Barbosa, Rui Moreira; Tavella, Ronan Adler; Silva‑Júnior, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da; Silva, Manuela Vieira da; Freitas, Marisa Alexandra Marques; Vieira da Silva, Manuela; Freitas, MarisaOur short communication aims to shed light on the critical health implications of the severe forest fires that occurred in Portugal in September 2024, highlighting the immediate surge in hospitalizations, the increase in mortality rates, and the long-term consequences for public health. Additionally, we emphasize the urgent need for updated public policies and air quality management strategies to effectively mitigate such crises in the future.