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- Sustainability and hotel room pricing strategiesPublication . Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Bode, Oana R.Social welfare in the hospitality industry refers to the overarching efforts and initiatives aimed at promoting the well-being and satisfaction of various stakeholders within the sector. This includes not only guests but also employees, local communities, and the environment. In this paper, we consider two different economic models in the hospitality industry, where one consumer-friendly hotel competes with a for-profit hotel taking decisions on environmental corporate social responsibility and on room rates. Hotels choose environmental corporate social responsibility investments sequentially, and room rates simultaneously. We analyse the impact of their decisions on the social welfare and hotel room pricing strategies and we also do a comparison between the results obtained in both models.
- Desafios e facilitadores na aprendizagem prática em gastronomia: perspectivas de estudantes de instituições de ensino superior públicas em Portugal e no BrasilPublication . Koerich, Guilherme Henrique; Catapan, Araci Hack; Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Silva, José António
- Environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) in a price-set competition between private and state-owned hotelsPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio; Bode, Oana R.Environmental corporate social responsibility (ECSR) has emerged as a crucial concept in the business world, reflecting a growing recognition of the profound impact of corporate activities on the environment. We will study a model in which two hotels with different objectives must take decisions on environmental CSR policies and on room rates, considering the separation between ownership and management. We will discuss two cases: (i) the SO hotel takes the leader position; (ii) the FP hotel takes the leader position. The study was conducted using game theory techniques. The results allow us to conclude that by adopting environmental CSR, hotels are improving social welfare. In the case that SO hotel acts as a leader, we prove that both hotels adopt environmental CSR, whereas in the case of FP hotel acting as a leader, only the SO hotel (follower) adopts environmental CSR. In both cases, environmental CSR improves social welfare.
- Licensing under Cournot vs Bertrand competitionPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio; Bode, Oana R.In this paper we consider, on one hand, a differentiated Cournot model, and, on the other hand, a differentiated Bertrand model, when one of the firms engages in an R&D process that gives an endogenous cost-reducing innovation. The aim of the present paper is two-fold. The first is to study the licensing of the costreduction by a per-unit royalty and a fixed-fee in these Cournot and Bertrand models. The second is to do a direct comparison between Cournot model and Bertrand model. We analyse the implications of these types of licensing contracts over the R&D effort, the profits of the firms, the consumer surplus and the social welfare. We show that some previous results for two-part tariff licensing are not robust, in the sense that they can be not true for just either a per-unit royalty contract or a fixed-fee contract. Furthermore, by using comparative static analysis, we conclude that the degree of the differentiation of the goods assumes a great importance in the results. We also discuss the optimal licensing, meaning that which licensing method is preferred, in each of the duopoly models considered.
- Preface of the "Symposium on Operational Research and Applications"Publication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, FlávioThe aim of the symposium is to bring together researchers with different backgrounds and interests in all aspects of Operational Research, its application in Industrial Organization, and its practice, in order to further communication, collaboration, and exchange of new ideas. This symposium welcomes all researchers, academicians, practitioners, as well as students interested in any branch of operational research. The topics include, but are not limited to the following: Optimization methods, Decision theory, Stochastic models, Simulation, Game theory, Queueing systems, Combinatorial Optimization, Cutting and Packing, Data mining, Optimal control, Transportation, Multi-objective optimization, Scheduling, and other.
- Hotel competition under uncertain demand: different objective functionsPublication . Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.This research applies game theory to analyse price-set competition between a nonprofit hotel and a for-profit (private) hotel, in a differentiated service market, with uncertain demand. The nonprofit hotel aims to maximize social welfare. We compute the Bayesian-Nash equilibrium, and we analyse the effects of the degree of the weight assigned to consumer surplus on market equilibrium outcomes. As a result, we get that as the nonprofit hotel values more the consumer surplus, both hotels set lower prices. Furthermore, the expected profit of the for-profit hotel decreases with the degree of the weight assigned to consumer surplus; and the expected profit of the nonprofit hotel decreases (resp., increases) with the degree of altruistic preference, for either low (resp., high) values of this degree. We also compare the results obtained with the ones when the nonprofit hotel aims to maximize the sum of its own profit with the consumer surplus (with some weight assigned to it).
- Price-setting hotel competition under uncertain demandPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, FlávioThis paper considers a price-set competition between a nonprofit hotel and a for-profit hotel, in a differentiated service market, with uncertain demand. We compute the Bayesian-Nash equilibrium, and we analyse the effects of the degree of altruistic preference on market equilibrium outcomes. As a result, we get that as the nonprofit hotel values more the consumer surplus, both hotels set higher (resp., lower) prices, if the probability of higher demand is high (resp., low). Furthermore, the expected profit of the for-profit hotel decreases (resp., increases) with the degree of altruistic preference, for either low or high (resp., intermediate) values of this degree. The expectation of the objective function of the nonprofit hotel increases with the degree of altruistic preference.
- Environmental taxation: privatization in an international duopoly with tariffsPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, Flávio
- Privatization and productive efficiency in an international Stackelberg mixed duopolyPublication . Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ferreira, FlávioWe consider a Stackelberg mixed market in which a state-owned welfare-maximizing (domestic) public firm competes against a profit-maximizing (foreign) private firm. We suppose that the domestic firm is less efficient than the foreign private firm. However, the domestic firm can lower its marginal costs by conducting cost-reducing R&D investment. We examine the impacts of privatization on decisions upon cost-reducing R&D investment by the domestic firm and how these affect the domestic welfare. We show that privatization lowers productive efficiency of the domestic firm, regardless of whether the domestic firm is leader or follower. Furthermore, we also show that privatization of the domestic public firm deteriorates the domestic social welfare, regardless of whether the domestic firm is leader or follower.
- Comparison between different licensing schemes in a Stackelberg model when the follower is the innovatorPublication . Bode, Oana R.; Ferreira, Flávio; Ferreira, Fernanda A.In the present paper we consider a differentiated-good Stackelberg model, when the follower firm engages in an R&D process that gives an endogenous cost-reducing innovation. We assume that there can exist a technology transfer between innovator and non-innovator firm. The aim of this paper is three-fold: to do a comparison of the fixed-fee and royalty licensing cases, of the two-part tariff and royalty licensing cases, respectively of the two-part tariff and fixed-fee licensing cases, in order to state in which case is indicated for the innovator firm to license its technology. This comparison allows us to identify which licensing scheme is more profitable for the innovator (follower firm).