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- Literary routes as a successful tourist offer in PortoPublication . Ferreira, Ana; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, PedroNowadays tourist aspires to something differentiated, personalized, focused on quality, culture, and the environment. As this tourist is a more demanding one, it is crucial to provide an innovative offer bearing in mind that this type of tourist aspires to something more specific. This is exactly the case of literary tourists. By using a literary text to invite people to visit a city, which we may call "literary invitation", we intend to provide some real and material knowledge about the city, often in the form of a route to be travelled. Tourist itineraries immerse visitors in the plot of a narrative or in the historical era it refers to and therefore, enhances the experience of a cultural visit assuming an important political and economic significance in today’s tourism destinations. Besides enhancing cultural exchange and cross-border relations, tourists mobilize large economic resources that can promote the socio-economic development of the territories. This paper intends to present an analysis of the motivational attributes of literary routes in the perception of the tourist destination Porto based on information obtained from a sample of 272 tourists/visitors in the city during the summer of 2020. The analysis of the results allows us to state that they represent a reliable basis for tourist agents interested in reevaluating the essence of tourist activity in the city, in the context of literary resources and attractions, and these motivational factors may be incorporated into marketing strategies.
- Porto as a smart destination: a qualitative approachPublication . Liberato, Pedro; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, DáliaTourism is a major export industry for many countries and cities (Romão et al. 2015), a context in which the city of Porto is increasingly included as an anchor destination in the Northern Region of Portugal. Also, the city of Porto has been reinforcing its position as a smart tourist destination by betting on the digital channels of dissemination of its heritage, resources and tourism products, on the one hand, as well as in communication channels with its real and potential demand, in different stages of the tourism experience, before, during and after. The intervention of the most important Destination Management Organizations in the region is crucial. The Regional Tourism Entity of Porto and North, regarding the distribution of the interactive tourist shops of Tourism, namely at the Airport, and also Porto Council’s Tourism Department, concerning the support to the activity of companies in technological area and diversification of interaction in its primary communication channel, “visitporto.travel”. This study intends to present a qualitative approach to the consideration of Porto as a Smart Destination, through the content analysis of conducted interviews with researchers related to the sector, information technology entrepreneurs and responsible for the main regional and municipal DMO’s.
- A importância da tecnologia num destino turístico inteligente: o caso do PortoPublication . Liberato, Pedro; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, DáliaO presente trabalho pretende enfatizar a importância crescente das tecnologias de informação e comunicação nos destinos turísticos denominados inteligentes, na sua integração na atividade das empresas do setor, e ainda na sua interação com os visitantes/turistas. A cidade do Porto tem vindo a consolidar a sua posição como destino turístico inteligente, baseado na inovação, pela comunicação e interatividade com o visitante/turista, nos diferentes momentos da experiência turística. Foi aplicado um questionário a 423 turistas na cidade do Porto, com o objetivo de perceber a importância do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação durante a sua experiência turística, avaliar o acesso/disponibilização das TIC no destino e a sua importância na escolha do mesmo, deduzir se as aplicações e/ou informações disponíveis na internet são importantes e influenciam positivamente a experiência turística no Porto, isto é o seu grau de satisfação.
- Dark tourism: proposta de roteirizaçãoPublication . Liberato, Dália; Liberato, Pedro; Alén, Elisa; Lopes, Maria CarlosO presente artigo pretende enfatizar a importância crescente da inovação na oferta de produtos turísticos ao nível do turismo cultural nas áreas urbanas. Nesta perspetiva, o Dark Tourism representa uma extensão do turismo cultural, numa abordagem inovadora. Os locais habitualmente associados ao Dark Tourism incluem campos de concentração, prisões inativas, casas de serial killers, cemitérios, e todos os outros locais que atendam aos padrões de morte, tragédia e sofrimento (Biran et al., 2011; Braithwaite & Lee, 2006. Dunkley et al., 2011; Kang et al., 2012; Luz, 2016, 2017; Podoshen, 2013; Podoshen et al., 2015; Stone & Sharpley, 2008, 2009; Pedra, 2012; Yan et al., 2016; e Zhang et al., 2016). Em Portugal existem alguns locais associados à prática do Dark Tourism, embora ainda não explorados de forma inovadora e integrados em redes internacionais mais amplas como as que propomos com a presente investigação, cujo principal objetivo é avaliar o potencial do Dark Tourism na cidade do Porto. Os objetivos parciais são: comprovar a existência de um nicho de mercado no Porto associado ao turismo sombrio; compreender se a cidade do Porto tem recursos turísticos e procura turística, capazes de desenvolver uma experiência turística no âmbito do Dark Tourism; e sensibilizar as Destination Management Organizations (DMO's) no Porto, para a oportunidade deste mercado. Os resultados obtidos a partir de questionários aplicados a visitantes/turistas permitem uma nova abordagem sobre o papel dos recursos turísticos na cidade, no âmbito do Dark Tourism. Esta investigação propõe, a partir dos resultados obtidos, a roteirização dos recursos existentes na cidade, integrados em redes internacionais, a partir da ideia de Sharpley e Stone (2009) que abordam o Dark Tourism como uma rota turística entre o lugar, a história e sua herança.
- Porto as a literary touristic destination based on Camilo Castelo Branco’s literary workPublication . Ferreira, Ana; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, Dália; Liberato, PedroIn this article we intend to show the importance of the work of Camilo Castelo Branco in the promotion of literary tourism in Porto. Literary tourism, being focused on the lifestyle and identity of local communities, local tourism will be a tourism that proposes activities based on local identity and memory and takes into account the preservation of available resources. Therefore, we may ask: What is the role of literature in the valuation of tourism? Can literary tourism define the course of tourism in a specific territory? What is the role of the literary work of Camilo Castelo Branco in the Porto city tourism? Firstly, we intend to clarify the importance of this interdisciplinary research—literary tourism and Camilo Castelo Branco’s work. Next, we would like to focus that a wider value of competitive bids is a valuable asset for tourism development, since the tourist value of a destination depends largely on its ability to affirm itself as a national and international brand. The methodology to follow will be based on the analysis of the available bibliography leading to the consolidation of the idea that Camilo Castelo Branco is an author of the nineteenth century, whose work remains current and may constitute an indispensable tool for the promotion of literary tourism in Porto.
- Fashion as an economic sustainability indicator in tourism destinations’ governance through business participationPublication . Liberato, Dália; Mendes, Benedita; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, PedroIn the tourism sector, the hosting of events has been playing an increasingly significant role in attracting visitors and differentiating between competing destinations. Events play an important role in a destination’s marketing strategy. There are several motivational typologies that induce the growth in the number of participants in fashion events, among them getting to know designers, brands, and new collections, as well as following the trends. Professional motivation is growing as a result of participation and collaboration in the organization of the event itself, or because they intend to get to know the work and stay updated on the strategies used by partner companies and competitors in the sector, representing the place and the moment where new trends are presented for the first time and the occasion where partnerships and commercial exchanges between production, commercialization, and consumption areas take place. The industry strategy for the involvement of all stakeholders in the organization of events associated with a large producing region will emphasize the international involvement of participants, the international competitiveness of the industry, and the tourism destination. It intends to stimulate the region in the perspective of an economically sustainable model and integrate a destination governance strategy associated with this industry. This research aims, through the application of questionnaires to participants of fashion events held in the city of Porto between the months of September 2019 and February 2020, to assess the degree of participation, motivation for participation, evaluation of the experience of participation in the event, and corresponding degree of satisfaction. The main results highlight that fashion events can add value to the city of Porto and are directly related to its image and personality as a city and its active, cultured, and cosmopolitan lifestyle.
- Porto: literary tourism in pandemic timesPublication . Ferreira, Ana; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, Dália; Liberato, PedroIn 2020, the world faced an unimaginable pandemic that has caused devastation and suffering all over the world, affecting the global economy and imposing the suspension of almost all economic activities including tourism. Many studies evaluating the effects of the pandemic on tourism have emerged since then, but with this work we want to analyze the possibilities that became clear for a destination like Porto, in which the tourist flow had been experiencing a growing trend in a destination consecutively considered the best European destination. Literary itineraries serve as a starting point for the discussion about the possibility of inviting to Porto through literature. To invite, means to attract and, for such, we will show the importance of a literary tourism offer in the Porto destination brand. To evaluate the impact of the itineraries as proposals of literary tourism, we surveyed a sample of national and foreign tourists/visitors, who allowed us to ascertain the importance of tourist itineraries as an enhancing offer of the tourist activity in the city of Porto.
- Digital technology in a smart tourist destination: the case of PortoPublication . Liberato, Pedro; Alén, Elisa; Liberato, DáliaGiven that information and communication technologies (ICT) have become increasingly integrated into the tourism industry, this article aims to emphasize the growing importance of ICT for smart tourism destinations. As a city, Porto has been consolidating its position as a smart tourism destination by emphasizing tourists’ experiences that are evaluated through innovation, communication, and interactivity with tourists/visitors. A survey of 423 tourists visiting the city provided the data for this study. The analysis focuses on the availability of ICT in Porto and its influence on tourists’ decisions to visit the city. This information helps to determine whether the application and information available on the Internet had positively contributed to tourists’ satisfaction in their visits to Porto. In particular, this article focuses on the influence of ICT accessibility on tourists’ choices of destination, their experiences, and their satisfaction. The results obtained can serve as insights for others to understand how tourists’ behavior and experiences, their planning stages and their demand for information are affected by the availability of ICT, in the context of smart tourism destinations.
- Fashion weeks as a driver of sustainable development in tourism destinations: the case of Portugal FashionPublication . Liberato, Pedro; Mendes, Benedita; Liberato, Dália; Alén, ElisaOver the last years, fashion events tourism has been increasing, namely through promotional events, in which designers and fashion companies present their new collections, attracting visitors that meet their needs of shopping experiences and attending fashion events. The objective of this research work is to identify the effects of the realization of a fashion week in the sustainable development of a city, as a tourism destination. On the empirical side, using a qualitative methodology, the research presents a case study that relates the Portugal Fashion event with the sustainable development of the city of Porto as a tourism destination. The main conclusions show that the Portugal Fashion adds value to Porto and contributes to the sustainable development of both the economic and socio-cultural perspectives. However, it is crucial that the several stakeholders of the city cooperate so that the benefits from this event are maximized.
- A moda nos eventos: contributos para a gestão dos destinosPublication . Liberato, Dália; Mendes, Benedita; Liberato, Pedro; Alén, ElisaOs eventos de moda constituem um segmento de oferta relevante em inúmeras cidades à escala mundial, com evidência sobre a atração de participantes internacionais. Os eventos de moda adicionam às cidades anfitriãs, reconhecimento e valor, assegurando uma vantagem competitiva face a destinos concorrentes. A presente investigação visa compreender o papel dos eventos de moda na região Norte de Portugal, em geral, e na cidade do Porto, em particular, enquanto destinos turísticos. Foi utilizada uma metodologia quantitativa, com aplicação de inquéritos por questionário, a 410 participantes dos eventos de moda realizados na cidade do Porto. Os dados recolhidos confirmam que as motivações para participar no evento influenciam positivamente a avaliação da experiência; a avaliação da experiência influencia o grau de satisfação relativamente ao evento; a avaliação da satisfação relativamente ao evento influencia positivamente a lealdade ao evento e a lealdade ao destino. A discussão dos resultados afigura-se relevante para as DMOs locais e regionais, e Associações Empresariais, com vista à captação deste segmento turístico, melhoria da promoção dos eventos de moda e, consequentemente, da experiência dos participantes dos eventos de moda.