ESS - GAS - Comunicações em eventos científicos
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- On transdisciplinarity in organizations, innovation and lawPublication . Caetano, João Relvão; Curado, Henrique; Jacquinet, MarcContemporaneous societies are facing complex economic problems, i.e. problems constituted by relationships of distinct types (managerial, technical, econmic, political, etc.), and those, in turn, are incorporatingvdeeply diverse elements wich are not foreign to the history of the various economic, political and legal systems.
- Legal and political regulation of higher education in Portugal: an evolutionary perspective on the current policy issues and the problem of orderPublication . Caetano, João Carlos; Curado, Henrique; Jacquinet, MarcThe higher education system in Europe is currently under stress and the debates over its reform and future are gaining momentum. Now that, for most countries, we are in a time for change, in the overall society and the whole education system, the legal and political dimensions have gained prominence, which has not been followed by a more integrative approach of the problem of order, its reform and the issue of regulation, beyond the typical static and classical cost-benefit analyses. The two classical approaches for studying (and for designing the policy measures of) the problem of the reform of the higher education system - the cost-benefit analysis and the legal scholarship description - have to be integrated. This is the argument of our paper that the very integration of economic and legal approaches, what Warren Samuels called the legal-economic nexus, is meaningful and necessary, especially if we want to address the problem of order (as formulated by Joseph Spengler) and the overall regulation of the system. On the one hand, and without neglecting the interest and insights gained from the cost-benefit analysis, or other approaches of value for money assessment, we will focus our study on the legal, social and political aspects of the regulation of the higher education system and its reform in Portugal. On the other hand, the economic and financial problems have to be taken into account, but in a more inclusive way with regard to the indirect and other socio-economic costs not contemplated in traditional or standard assessments of policies for the tertiary education sector. In the first section of the paper, we will discuss the theoretical and conceptual underpinning of our analysis, focusing on the evolutionary approach, the role of critical institutions, the legal-economic nexus and the problem of order. All these elements are related to the institutional tradition, from Veblen and Commons to Spengler and Samuels. The second section states the problem of regulation in the higher education system and the issue of policy formulation for tackling the problem. The current situation is clearly one of crisis with the expansion of the cohorts of young students coming to an end and the recurrent scandals in private institutions. In the last decade, after a protracted period of extension or expansion of the system, i. e., the continuous growth of students, universities and other institutions are competing harder to gain students and have seen their financial situation at risk. It seems that we are entering a period of radical uncertainty, higher competition and a new configuration that is slowly building up is the growth in intensity, which means upgrading the quality of the higher learning and getting more involvement in vocational training and life-long learning. With this change, and along with other deep ones in the Portuguese society and economy, the current regulation has shown signs of maladjustment. The third section consists of our conclusions on the current issue of regulation and policy challenge. First, we underline the importance of an evolutionary approach to a process of change that is essentially dynamic. A special attention will be given to the issues related to an evolutionary construe of policy analysis and formulation. Second, the integration of law and economics, through the notion of legal economic nexus, allows us to better define the issues of regulation and the concrete problems that the universities are facing. One aspect is the instability of the political measures regarding the public administration and on which the higher education system depends financially, legally and institutionally, to say the least. A corollary is the lack of clear strategy in the policy reforms. Third, our research criticizes several studies, such as the one made by the OECD in late 2006 for the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education, for being too static and neglecting fundamental aspects of regulation such as the logic of actors, groups and organizations who are major players in the system. Finally, simply changing the legal rules will not necessary per se change the behaviors that the authorities want to change. By this, we mean that it is not only remiss of the policy maker to ignore some of the critical issues of regulation, namely the continuous non-respect by academic management and administrative bodies of universities of the legal rules that were once promulgated. Changing the rules does not change the problem, especially without the necessary debates form the different relevant quarters that make up the higher education system. The issues of social interaction remain as intact. Our treatment of the matter will be organized in the following way. In the first section, the theoretical principles are developed in order to be able to study more adequately the higher education transformation with a modest evolutionary theory and a legal and economic nexus of the interactions of the system and the policy challenges. After describing, in the second section, the recent evolution and current working of the higher education in Portugal, we will analyze the legal framework and the current regulatory practices and problems in light of the theoretical framework adopted. We will end with some conclusions on the current problems of regulation and the policy measures that are discusses in recent years.
- A miragem do e-governo e a questão da cidadania: uma perspectiva sociológicaPublication . Jacquinet, Marc; Caetano, João Carlos; Curado, HenriqueNeste trabalho, analisamos um dos elementos da chamada e-democracia: o e-governo que desempenha um peso crescente nos discursos e nas justificações de modernização do governo e na reformulação da noção de cidadania. O e-governo é geralmente considerado como uma extensão da e-democracia, outro conceito ambíguo, e ambos merecem uma análise sociológica apurada, é o nosso intuito dar um contributo ainda que modesto neste sentido. Depois de uma breve discussão das noções de democracia, e-democracia, Estado e cidadania e das opções metodológicas, na primeira parte, passaremos, na secção seguinte a uma primeira análise crítica da noção de e-governo, sobretudo no que toca a um elemento central: a distinção entre cidadania e serviço público transferível pura e simplesmente para o mercado ou, ainda, em moldes flexíveis e híbridos mas essencialmente através do mercado. Baseamos esta distinção numa investigação sobre dois projectos que tratam da questão da e-democracia e dos serviços públicos (e do e-governo) em que se destacam os problemas da cidadania e da crise do sistema político representativo. O problema do e-governo, tal como do e-learning, é de negligenciar aspectos cruciais do funcionamento das democracias. Facilitar ou agilizar a prestação de serviços online, não basta para resolver os problemas da participação nas nossas democracias. O e-governo não pode ser confundido com uma mera prestação de serviço, seja ele público ou privado. Ele se insere num contexto sociopolítico mais vasto e que engloba os cidadãos. Esta é uma das nossas principais conclusões. O e-governo aparece cada vez mais como um mito e se assemelha a uma miragem que promete “montes e maravilhas” enquanto os problemas fundamentais não são tocados senão à margem.
- Phagetherapies for infections caused by P. aeruginosaPublication . Ferraz, Ricardo; Reis, Ana; Prudêncio, Cristina; Baylina, Pilar; Fernandes, Rúben; Ferraz, Ricardo; Prudêncio, Cristina; BAYLINA MACHADO, PILAR; Fernandes, RúbenThe hospital infections can be prevented by controlling some factors related with staff, material, and environment. At this moment the existing legislation regulates procedures that prevent the propagation of the infection and/or of the agents that causes it. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative opportunistic responsible for most of the hospital infections. Because it is opportunistic it is more frequent in immunocompromised patients submitted to transplants and surgical interventions. In short, this thesis has contributed for the understanding of the biology of P. aeruginosa , antibacterial treatment and its resistance to this treatment by using efflux bombs, and so as establishing associations with others factors, such as biochemical. This study has the objective to understand the resistance factors used by the P. aeruginosa in order to develop alternative therapies for this agent. Initially, 72 hospitalar isolated were characterized and 91.67% have revealed more than 3 classes of Antimicrobians.
- Satisfaction of users with the health communicationPublication . Silva, Vera; Morais, Carminda; Pimenta, RuiThe Communication processes in health are structuring the relationship between health professionals and users and interactional quality. Is crucial to improve knowledge of communication dimensions in health organizations. Know the user satisfaction degree with the health communication; relate satisfaction with communication and sociodemographic aspects.
- Literacy and empowerment of type 2 diabetcs elderlyPublication . Oliveira, Suzete; Morais, CarmindaDespite diabetes mellitus (DM) has being considered a priority chronic disease, in recent years, the prevalence is increasing worldwide. This impels to the study and intervention focus in the promotion of health literacy and empowerment of the patient, which both are capable of extensive development. The aim of this study was to analyze the capacity of self-control, the knowledge and the Quality of Life (QoL), of people with type 2 diabetes, aged 65 or older, enrolled in four Family Health Units, belonging to a Regional Grouping Center.
- Health gains with the intervention of rehabilitation nurses in patients with COPDPublication . Costa, Fernando; Morais, Carminda; Pimenta, Rui; Fernandes, AndreaCOPD is a disease with high chronic morbidity rate, loss of quality of life and mortality. It is thought that by 2030 COPD will be the third cause of mortality worldwide. The rehabilitation nursing plays a key role in maintaining the functional capacity of the patient with COPD, for its impact on their quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the gains in QOL in patients with COPD who had intervention of rehabilitation nurse, compared to patients who did not have intervention of rehabilitation nurse.
- The intervention of rehabilitation nurses in elderly patients with proximal femur fracturePublication . Fernandes, Andrea; Morais, Carminda; Pimenta, Rui; Costa, FernandoThe rehabilitation nurse plays a key role in promoting and maintaining the health of the elderly, guided by direct assistance at various levels of complexity, complexity, where the elderly/family/community has its role preserved, and the main goal is that the elderly regain their functional independence as early as possible. The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional independence of the elderly with proximal femur fracture with the intervention of rehabilitation nurse.
- Why entrepreneurship education and training in Polytechnic of Porto graduated courses? Students’ perceptionPublication . Pereira, Maria Teresa; Baylina, P.; Pedrosa, R.This paper analyses the perception of Polytechnic of Porto (P.PORTO) students about entrepreneurship education in the graduated and training courses. A survey was conducted, supported by a questionnaire followed by researchers’ guidance. The perception of entrepreneurship education and training in students’ curricula was studied. Statistical analysis was applied using SPSS tool. Due to de diversity of graduated courses in P.PORTO it was possible to analyse the perception of students from different educational areas: Engineering, Health and Social Sciences. The main conclusion was that students from all courses seem to see entrepreneurship education and training as an important issue for their future career. As future work this survey should be applied to other P.PORTO units to have an integrated perception. The results of this study will be presented to courses coordinators to promote future curricula improvements.
- Patient safety promotion in the operating roomPublication . Oliveira, Bárbara; Morais, Mª Carminda; Baylina, PilarOver recent years, patient safety has gained more importance in the field of public health. Surgical safety is particularly relevant due to the great number of perioperative complications which could be avoided and can cause damage to the patient.