ESTG - CIICESI - Centro de Inovação e Investigação em Ciências Empresariais e Sistemas de Informação
Permanent URI for this community
Browse
Browsing ESTG - CIICESI - Centro de Inovação e Investigação em Ciências Empresariais e Sistemas de Informação by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 10 of 192
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Marketing social e gestão de voluntários em ONG'sPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, João F.; Proença, TeresaEste trabalho apresenta um projecto de investigação que relaciona a área do marketing social com a gestão do voluntariado em ONG’s. Trata-se de uma primeira reflexão que contextualiza a problemática da gestão de pessoas não remuneradas nessas organizações e introduz diversas questões sobre a gestão das ONG’s e do voluntariado. Nomeadamente, qual o papel do voluntariado nas ONG’s e quais as principais motivações associadas ao voluntariado? Como é que as ONG’s podem recrutar e seduzir de forma eficaz o voluntariado? Qual a particularidade do comportamento organizacional nestas organizações, como, por exemplo, que conflitos surgem entre os corpos profissionalizados e os voluntários nessas organizações?
- Motivações dos voluntários em ONG’s: uma revisão crítica da literaturaPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, João F.; Proença, TeresaEste trabalho revê e discute de forma crítica a literatura sobre as motivações dos voluntários para doarem o seu tempo às ONG’s. Quanto melhor uma organização conhecer os voluntários, mais essa organização poderá ir de encontro às necessidades e expectativas desses mesmos indivíduos. Por isso, compreender as motivações que podem levar um indivíduo a doar o seu tempo a uma determinada organização e a manter-se nessa mesma organização é matéria relevante na gestão das ONG’s. Primeiro, o artigo mostra e compara os diferentes tipos de motivações associadas ao trabalho voluntário. Depois, apresenta-se uma tipologia que agrupa os determinantes das motivações dos voluntários em cinco grupos: o altruísmo, a socialização, o interesse pessoal, a carreira profissional e a aprendizagem e, por fim, a comunidade. Por fim, efectua-se uma análise que aponta três lacunas na literatura das motivações dos voluntários que justificam investigação adicional: (i) a omissão de diferenças entre as motivações relacionadas com a “Atracção” versus a “Retenção” dos voluntários; (ii) a focalização das investigações no contexto norte-americano e australiano; e (iii) a ausência de análises comparativas que relacionem as motivações por tipos de ONG’s.
- Métodos de penalidade exacta para resolução de problemas de optimização não linearPublication . Correia, Aldina; Matias, João; Serôdio, CarlosIn this work we present a classification of some of the existing Penalty Methods (denominated the Exact Penalty Methods) and describe some of its limitations and estimated. With these methods we can solve problems of optimization with continuous, discrete and mixing constrains, without requiring continuity, differentiability or convexity. The boarding consists of transforming the original problem, in a sequence of problems without constrains, derivate of the initial, making possible its resolution for the methods known for this type of problems. Thus, the Penalty Methods can be used as the first step for the resolution of constrained problems for methods typically used in by unconstrained problems. The work finishes discussing a new class of Penalty Methods, for nonlinear optimization, that adjust the penalty parameter dynamically.
- As motivações no trabalho voluntárioPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, Teresa; Proença, João F.Este trabalho revê e discute a literatura sobre as motivações dos voluntários para doarem o seu tempo às ONG’s. Quanto melhor uma organização conhecer os voluntários, mais essa organização poderá ir de encontro às necessidades e expectativas desses mesmos indivíduos. Por isso, compreender as motivações que podem levar um indivíduo a doar o seu tempo a uma determinada organização é relevante na gestão das ONG’s. Primeiro, o artigo discute o estado da arte do voluntariado formal e as motivações dos indivíduos voluntários não dirigentes. Apresenta-se uma pesquisa a bases de dados bibliográficas, que inclui revistas especializadas na investigação de voluntariado. Depois, o artigo mostra e compara os diferentes tipos de motivações associadas ao trabalho voluntário e propõe uma tipologia que agrupa as motivações dos voluntários em quatro tipos: altruísmo, pertença, ego e reconhecimento social e aprendizagem e desenvolvimento. Por fim, efectua-se uma análise que indica três lacunas na literatura das motivações dos voluntários que justificam investigação adicional: (i) a omissão de diferenças entre as motivações relacionadas com a “Atracção” versus a “Retenção” dos voluntários; (ii) a focalização das investigações no contexto norte-americano e australiano; e (iii) a ausência de análises comparativas que relacionem as motivações por tipos de ONG’s.
- Volunteers and management factors in nonprofit organisations: a brief literature reviewPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, João F.; Proença, TeresaThe objective of this paper is to review and discuss the literature about the management factors that can influence volunteer work. First we present the different management factors. This discussion is followed by the identification of the key management factors in volunteering: recruitment, training and rewarding. Finally, we present two main gaps in the literature that justify the scope for further research: (i) how management factors (recruitment, training and rewarding) influence volunteers’ satisfaction and retention; and (ii) predominance of the investigations in the North American context, followed by English and Australian context.
- VirtualECare: group support in collaborative networks organizations for digital homecarePublication . Costa, Ricardo; Novais, Paulo; Lima, Luís; Bulas-Cruz, José; Neves, JoséCollaborative Work plays an important role in today’s organizations, especially in areas where decisions must be made. However, any decision that involves a collective or group of decision makers is, by itself complex, but is becoming recurrent in recent years. In this work we present the VirtualECare project, an intelligent multi-agent system able to monitor, interact and serve its customers, which are, normally, in need of care services. In last year’s there has been a substantially increase on the number of people needed of intensive care, especially among the elderly, a phenomenon that is related to population ageing. However, this is becoming not exclusive of the elderly, as diseases like obesity, diabetes and blood pressure have been increasing among young adults. This is a new reality that needs to be dealt by the health sector, particularly by the public one. Given this scenarios, the importance of finding new and cost effective ways for health care delivery are of particular importance, especially when we believe they should not to be removed from their natural “habitat”. Following this line of thinking, the VirtualECare project will be presented, like similar ones that preceded it. Recently we have also assisted to a growing interest in combining the advances in information society - computing, telecommunications and presentation – in order to create Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS). Indeed, the new economy, along with increased competition in today’s complex business environments, takes the companies to seek complementarities in order to increase competitiveness and reduce risks. Under these scenarios, planning takes a major role in a company life. However, effective planning depends on the generation and analysis of ideas (innovative or not) and, as a result, the idea generation and management processes are crucial. Our objective is to apply the above presented GDSS to a new area. We believe that the use of GDSS in the healthcare arena will allow professionals to achieve better results in the analysis of one’s Electronically Clinical Profile (ECP). This achievement is vital, regarding the explosion of knowledge and skills, together with the need to use limited resources and get better results.
- Motivations and management factors of volunteer work in nonprofit organisations: a literature reviewPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, João F.; Proença, TeresaThe objective of this paper is to review and discuss the literature about volunteers’ motivations to donate their time to NPOs and the management factors that can influence volunteer work. Firstly, the paper illustrates and compares the different types of motivation followed by a presentation of a typology that organises the volunteers’ motivations into four types: (i) altruism, (ii) belonging, (iii) ego and social recognition and (iv) development and learning. Secondly we discuss the key management factors in volunteering: recruitment, training and rewarding. Finally, we present four gaps in the literature that justify the scope for further research: (i) omission of differences between motivations related to volunteers’ "Attraction" versus "Retention"; (ii) focus of the research on the USA, UK and Australia context; (iii) absence of comparative analyses that relate motivations by NPO types and (iv) comprehension of how management factors (recruitment, training and rewarding) influence volunteers’ satisfaction and retention.
- Derivative-free optimization and filter methods to solve nonlinear constrained problemsPublication . Correia, Aldina; Matias, João; Mestre, Pedro; Serôdio, CarlosIn real optimization problems, usually the analytical expression of the objective function is not known, nor its derivatives, or they are complex. In these cases it becomes essential to use optimization methods where the calculation of the derivatives, or the verification of their existence, is not necessary: the Direct Search Methods or Derivative-free Methods are one solution. When the problem has constraints, penalty functions are often used. Unfortunately the choice of the penalty parameters is, frequently, very difficult, because most strategies for choosing it are heuristics strategies. As an alternative to penalty function appeared the filter methods. A filter algorithm introduces a function that aggregates the constrained violations and constructs a biobjective problem. In this problem the step is accepted if it either reduces the objective function or the constrained violation. This implies that the filter methods are less parameter dependent than a penalty function. In this work, we present a new direct search method, based on simplex methods, for general constrained optimization that combines the features of the simplex method and filter methods. This method does not compute or approximate any derivatives, penalty constants or Lagrange multipliers. The basic idea of simplex filter algorithm is to construct an initial simplex and use the simplex to drive the search. We illustrate the behavior of our algorithm through some examples. The proposed methods were implemented in Java.
- Motivations in volunteer workPublication . Ferreira, Marisa R.; Proença, João F.; Proença, TeresaThe objective of this paper is to review and discuss the literature about volunteers’ motivations to donate their time to NGOs (Non Governmental Organisations). According to Parboteeah, Cullenb & Lim (2004) management research has not paid much attention to voluntarism, however, voluntarism is a substantial part of productive work for many societies. Wilson & Pimm (1996) show that in Great Britain about 39% of the adult population has been involved in some volunteer activity for some period of time. In the U.S.A. these values reach 50% (Wilson & Pimm, 1996). Considering the benefits that voluntarism can bring to an organisation, we understand that more attention must be devoted to this phenomenon. The more an organisation knows volunteers, the better this organisation will be able to meet the needs and expectations of these individuals. We present a literature review that illustrates and compares the different motivations associated with volunteer work. The paper includes a bibliographical databases search in specialised journals. The search used the key words “motivations” and “voluntarism” (in the heading and text body) and covered all numbers between 2000 and 2007. We identify the existence of repeated motivations (Holmberg & Söderlung, 2005; Prouteau & Wolff, 2008; Soupourmas & Ironmonger, 2001; Yavas & Riecken, 1997), which allow the establishment of a typology of volunteers’ motivations, based on four categories: altruism, social needs, self-esteem, learning and self-development. Finally we identify three main gaps in the literature that justify further research. First, research focusing on the differences between motivations related to volunteers’ "Attraction" versus "Retention" in NGO’s is nil. Second, the great majority of the studies rely on north American (USA and Canada) and Australian context, which demands for further research in European countries. Third, the majority of NGOs researched are related to sport, art or the environment, and it would be interesting to explore the relationship between motivation and NGO type. These questions may obtain interesting answers for NGO management, in particular with regard to volunteer attraction and retention.
- Web-based application programming interface to solve nonlinear optimization problemsPublication . Matias, João; Correia, Aldina; Mestre, Pedro; Fraga, Carlos; Serôdio, CarlosNonlinear Optimization Problems are usual in many engineering fields. Due to its characteristics the objective function of some problems might not be differentiable or its derivatives have complex expressions. There are even cases where an analytical expression of the objective function might not be possible to determine either due to its complexity or its cost (monetary, computational, time, ...). In these cases Nonlinear Optimization methods must be used. An API, including several methods and algorithms to solve constrained and unconstrained optimization problems was implemented. This API can be accessed not only as traditionally, by installing it on the developer and/or user computer, but it can also be accessed remotely using Web Services. As long as there is a network connection to the server where the API is installed, applications always access to the latest API version. Also an Web-based application, using the proposed API, was developed. This application is to be used by users that do not want to integrate methods in applications, and simply want to have a tool to solve Nonlinear Optimization Problems.