ESS - CIR - Livro, parte de livro ou capítulo de livro
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- The effect of two training methods on worker's risk perception: a comparative study with metalworking small firmsPublication . Barros, B. L.; Rodrigues, Matilde; Dores, Artemisa RochaThis study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of two training methods on workers' risk perception, when applied in metalworking small firms: na active method, with group discussion, and na expository method, with formal exposure.
- Strategies for an OSH Intervention in SMEs: An exploratory study focused on the role of employerPublication . Costa, Rita A.; Lopes, André M.; Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Rodrigues, MatildeSmall and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are known to face several difficulties in what regards to Occupational Safety & Health (OSH) management. In these enterprises, the employer plays an important role, being the responsible for decision making in this area. OSH interventions that target employers are of particular interest; however, there is a knowledge gap about how to design such interventions. The present study aims to identify the key points to considerer in the design of an OSH intervention for SMEs employers. Issues related to what employers want in an intervention, key difficulties that they face in what regards to OSH management, and strategies to improve it were identified through an exploratory approach. A focus group with six OSH practitioners, with experience in risk management and with knowledge about the waste management sector was carried out. For the dynamization of the session, open-ended questions were developed to stimulate the discussion among the participants. The focus group was designed to identify the key topics to consider in a training program, including: knowledge limitations in the field of OSH; main risk factors of the sector; difficulties experienced by the employers in the field and what employers want or give more importance in a training program. Results denoted that employers of smaller waste management enterprises have a lot of peculiarities about a training session, specifically, duration, the method in which the information is presented, being in group with other employers or not, and the topics to discuss. It was highlighted the need to address issues related to legislation, the support from external service enterprises and the main risks of the sector.
- Intervention in OSH for SMEs Employers: Influence in Knowledge and Prevention ActivitiesPublication . Lopes, André M.; Costa, Rita A.; Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Rodrigues, MatildeSmall and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) face several difficulties compared to large enterprises, such as the lack of human, economic and technological resources. This could lead to difficulties in identifying, assessing and controlling occupational risks and, as a consequence, in having a good Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) performance. Employers of SMEs are responsible for the most part of decision making, namely in OSH. OSH interventions are important to change the behaviors and attitudes to the target group and may encourage both employers and employees to be more active and conscious about OSH in their enterprises. This study aims to design and implement a training session that target employers of micro and small-sized enterprises and analyze its effect on employers’ OSH knowledge and on the preventions activities carried out. The training session was divided in two parts, the first was more theorical and the second more practical. A questionnaire was developed and applied to assess the intervention effect. One month after the intervention, most of participants increased their participation in OSH activities, but were reluctant to invest financial resources to implement measures that promote OSH. The effect of the intervention in employers’ knowledge was limited. This study contribute to the design future OSH interventions in SMEs, suggesting important topics to address and provide information about how to assess its effectiveness.
- Virtual reality to improve postural control in patients with schizophrenia: study protocol for a single-blind parallel group randomised controlled trialPublication . Cunha, Mara; Simões De Almeida, Raquel; Fernandes, Ângela; Marques, AntónioImpairment in postural control is prevalent in patients with schizophrenia, and often limit occupational performance. Virtual reality (VR) has proven its benefits for improving postural control and among schizophrenia population. Remarkably, the effectiveness of a VR game-based intervention on postural control in this population has never been evaluated. The primary aim of this study is to examine the effects and impact of VR on postural control parameters in patients with schizophrenia. This is a single-blinded, randomised controlled trial with two parallel groups. Thirty-four patients with schizophrenia are randomly assigned to the virtual reality group (VR) or the inactive control group (CG). The intervention consists of 3 30 min sessions for 4 weeks. Assessments are performed at baseline, post-intervention and 1-month follow-up. The primary outcome is postural control. The center of pressure (COP) displacement and velocity in anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions are measured by PhyisoSensing pressure platform. This study protocol comprises parameters that are thought to be crucial to the success of the intervention. There are used objective and quantitative measures to evaluate the outcomes for effectively plan postural control interventions in schizophrenia with more reliable and valid results. The results of the study will be useful to clarify the effect of VR on postural control in patients with schizophrenia and provide insight into the validity of this approach as an intervention technique. It is expected that the results confirm the positive findings supporting the therapeutic prospects of VR.
- Petrha+: A serious game to enhance physiotherapy students' clinical reasoningPublication . Macedo, Rui; Silva, Cláudia; Albouy, Bruno; F. San Juan, Alejandro; Pystynen, TiinaRole play and simulated patients are tools frequently used in undergraduate physiotherapy courses to help students gain familiarity with what they will find in future real-life encounters. However, these approaches have limitations when it comes to delivering diversity and repetition to a large number of students and are mostly bounded to the school’s premises. Web-based virtual patient software can help to overcome these shortcomings as they equally require students to go through most of the steps of the physiotherapy process, and simultaneously offer unlimited diversity of cases and repetition opportunities and can be delocalized from physical schools. PETRHA + is an Erasmus+ strategic partnership of European high education institutions aiming at the improvement of a web-based serious game prototype designed to enhance physiotherapy students’ clinical reasoning using virtual patients. The objective of this chapter is the presentation of the background context that led to the development of the serious game, its design features, functions, and ongoing and future developments.
- The road to digitally-driven Mental Health Services: Remote psychological interventionsPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Geraldo, Andreia; Martins, HelenaIntervention in mental health urges new solutions that merge solid theoretical foundations and new pos sibilities provided by technological development. This chapter is structured around results from a data mining technique using VOSViewer, which organized the field into five clusters of published literature: (1) most affected populations, (2) mental illness/disorders and their impact, (3) the expansion of remote interventions, (4) ICT potential to overcome limitations and (5) a positive approach to ICTs in mental health care. Solutions and recommendations are presented to overcome the issues identified, including how future interventions should consider old and new issues as the ones raised by the COVID-19 pan demic. Computer-based or web-based interventions are hereby presented as part of the revolution towards digital mental health or e-mental health. This approach has the potential to deconfine interventions, releasing them from the traditional settings and reaching new populations. It also reinforces the path already started, from the secondary to the primary and primordial prevention, towards the modification of the psychopathological trajectories.
- Digital technologies in dementia carePublication . Coelho, TiagoDementia is characterized by significant cognitive deterioration, behavioral and psychological symptoms, and expanding disability. The well-being of people with dementia is influenced by the support provided by caregivers and health professionals. Especially in the past two decades, advancements in digital technology have helped reshape the way care and treatment are delivered. The main goal of the chapter is to describe technological solutions aimed at supporting the independence and safe participation of people with dementia in meaningful activities, as well as promoting their involvement in engaging experiences that seek to delay cognitive decline and diminish behavioral and psychological symptoms. These technologies include distributed systems, robotics, wearable devices, application software, and virtual reality.
- Kinematic analysis of the upper limb in reaching – a study in preterm and term young adults.Publication . Pereira, Soraia; Almeida, Bruna; Santos, Rubim; Silva, CláudiaEven in the absence of apparent neurological injury, preterm children, defined by the World Health Organization as babies born before the 37th week of pregnancy, may present movement disorders that are related to atypical neuromotor and behavioral development, noting that these initial deficits have a ripple effect on neurodevelopment. However, despite the evidence that changes in postural control (CP) remain throughout the child’s life, no evidence was founded regarding the maintenance of these changes until adulthood, specifically between 18 and 25 years of age, and whether these have implications for the function of the upper limb. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the kinematics of the upper limb and trunk and the behavior of the center of pressure (CoP) during the performance of the reach movement in standing, comparing the dominant upper limb (DL) with the non-dominant upper limb (NDL), in preterm and term young adults.
- Semi-quantitative methods for assessing the risk of occupational accidents: A literature reviewPublication . Noronha, Ana R.; Costa, Sónia L.; Ferreira, Adriana S.; Faria, Brígida Mónica; Vieira da Silva, Manuela; Rodrigues, MatildeThis study reviewed the existing literature on the application of semi-quantitative methods to assess the risk of occupational accidents. The main goal was to identify and describe the methods used in practical applications. PRISMA methodology was applied in this systematic literature review. Scientific articles were searched in Science Direct, PubMed and B-on (from 2010 until March 2022). After defining and applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3 articles were analyzed. It should be noted the limited availability of articles that describe the application of semi-quantitative methods to assess the risk of occupational accidents. Given its advantages in decision-making about risk acceptance and the need of control measures, we highlight the importance of future developments of these methods and the need to expand their practical applicability.
- Health promotion conceptual evolution and program development: a literature ReviewPublication . Félix, José; Santos, Paula Clara; Baylina, PilarThe World Health Organization defends prevention and health promotion among communities as a driver of economic and social development, where the individual level of health literacy determines health choices such as adopting healthy lifestyles, managing individual healthcare and preventing chronic diseases. Currently, health promotion is guided by a set of values, being these principles essential for identifying needs and priorities, planning, implementing, evaluating and determining the health promotion programs, that can be defined as a set of programmed, integrated and interrelated strategies and actions that aim to promote health, prevent risks, reduce years of life lost due to disability and increase quality of life. There are several models for planning health promotion programs, such as the Precede-Proceed Model, the Multivariate Approach to community Health (MATCH) Model, the Mapped Intervention Model and the Social Marketing Model. A good planning of a health promotion program can effectively reduce the health costs.
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