Diabetes risk assessment: clinical screening tools

Macedo, J.M.; Baylina, Pilar; Fernandes, R.

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/22281

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Authors

Macedo, J.M.

Baylina, Pilar

Fernandes, R.

Abstract(s)

The epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to soar worldwide. Driven by changes in human habits, from availability of energy dense processed foods to the decrease of physical activity, T2D constitutes already a heavy burden of disease and a worrisome barrier for the sustainability of National Health Systems. Indeed, it affects 415 million people (8.8% prevalence), was responsible for 5.0 million deaths in 2015, and is estimated to cost 1/9 of all Health expenses. Within Europe, Portugal is reported as having the highest prevalence of diabetes: an estimated 9.6% by World Standard Population. But if we take into consideration the age distribution of the Portuguese population, then estimates increase to 12.9%. This means that 1 million Portuguese have diabetes, with almost half of these still undiagnosed. Additionally, 2 million (a third of the adult population) are estimated to have intermediate hyperglycemia (or prediabetes), being largely unaware of this condition.