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- Influence of clinical and psychosocial factors on the adherence to topical treatment in psoriasisPublication . Teixeira, Ana; Teixeira, Maribel; Gaio, Rita; Torres, Tiago; Magina, Sofia; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Sousa-Lobo, José; Almeida, Isabel; Peixoto, Miguel; Almeida, VeraPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with different manifestations, affecting the quality of life at social, emotional, and professional dimensions and requiring long-term treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychosocial and clinical factors on adherence to topical treatment in psoriasis. Self-reported measures and weighing the medicines were used to assess adherence. Psychopathological symptoms were measured using the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI). Social and clinical factors were assessed by a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Adherence to treatment with topical medication was assessed using a sample of 102 psoriasis patients. The explanatory models of adherence to topical treatment in psoriasis translated into positive associations between adherence and the education level (higher education) (p = 0.03; φ = 0.23), the single-family household (p = 0.01; φ = 0.44), active employment status (p = 0.05; φ = −0.19), familiar history of psoriasis (p = 0.04; φ = −0.21), and the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p = 0.01; d = 0.29). (4) Conclusions: In patients who present the characteristics identified that influence non-adherence, instructions should be reinforced to increase adherence. The experimental mortality (39.6%) reduced the sample size, representing a limitation of the study.
- Projeto ForPharmacy: a tecnologia ao serviço da saúdePublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Marques, AntónioAs farmácias comunitárias são o último elo da cadeia da dispensa do medicamento. Estão também na linha da frente na procura de aconselhamento, beneficiando da sua ampla implantação e proximidade das comunidades. Apesar da qualidade dos serviços existentes, estes podem ser potenciados através das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação e da Inteligência Artificial. O projeto ForPharmacy pretende desenvolver soluções tecnológicas inovadoras que permitam novos e melhores serviços, a partir da perceção dos profissionais da farmácia (farmacêuticos e técnicos de farmácia) das necessidades e potencialidades destes espaços de saúde (ForPharmacy Project, 2022).
- Inventory of sensory, emotional, and cognitive reserve (SECri): Proposal of a new instrument and preliminary dataPublication . Pinto, Joana O.; Vieira, Isabel; Barroso, Beatriz C. R.; Peixoto, Miguel; Pontes, Diogo; Peixoto, Bruno; Dores, Artemisa R.; Barbosa, FernandoA new model of reserve, the Sensory, Emotional, and Cognitive Reserve (SEC) model, has beenrecently proposed, but so far this model has not been operationalized in instruments to evaluatethe different domains of the reserve. This study introduces the SEC reserve inventory (SECri) alongwith preliminary data obtained from a study involving 57 adults, aged 35 and older. The SECriassesses the SEC domains using specific proxies: (a) sensory reserve (SR) through sensory acuity andsensory perception proxies; (b) emotional reserve (ER) through life events, resilience, and emotionalregulation proxies; and (c) cognitive reserve (CR) through education, occupation, socioeconomicstatus, bilingualism, leisure activities, and personality traits proxies. Key features of SECri includeself- and informant-report forms, fine-grained response scales, and the evaluation of reservedevelopment across the lifespan. Findings on the acceptability, convergent validity between SECridomains and validated tests for the same constructs, internal consistency of each domain, andpredictive validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores support further research with thisinventory. Future studies should consider determining SECri’s psychometric properties in clinical andsubclinical conditions to evaluate its prognostic value in cases of neurocognitive decline.
- A qualitative study on pharmacists’ perceptions about service innovationPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Carvalho, Irene P.; Castro, Maria; Marques, António da SilvaExpanded services provided at pharmacies show numerous improvements in health outcomes. However, attempts at implementing new services in pharmacies are met with several barriers, among which is the failure to update the pharmacist's role. This study aimed to explore pharmacists’ perceptions about the role of pharmacies and the effects of, and barriers to, service expansion. Four focus groups were conducted with pharmacists from across Portugal, and an inductive content analysis was applied to the transcribed sessions. The content analysis results were organized into three main categories: the Role of Pharmacy, Potentialities of Service Innovation, and Service Innovation. The results emphasize the importance of enhancing pharmacists’ training, establishing supportive legal frameworks, prioritizing funding for technological advancements, promoting interprofessional collaboration, and embracing innovative practices to advance healthcare innovation and improve patient outcomes. The identification of several tasks indicates that, in pharmacists’ perspectives, the Role of Pharmacy ranges from dispensing medication to aiding/monitoring patients at various stages of their health conditions. Expanded services were associated with several emergent Potentialities of Service Innovation, namely, enhancement of health outcomes and help to main healthcare facilities dealing with an increased number of patients. For Service Innovation, several factors emerged that need consideration, such as the conditions and the difficulties found associated with new service implementation. These pertain to pharmacists, legislation, and resources.
- Effectiveness of Interventions for cognitive processing in body dysmorphic disorder and body dissatisfaction: Systematic reviewPublication . López‑Martín, Olga ; Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Marques, AntónioBody Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is characterised by an appearance-related cognitive defcit based on distorted ideas and beliefs about one’s own body. These lead to high body dissatisfaction (BD), which afects attention, cognitive processing and behaviour. The aim of this review was to systematically examine the evidence for the efectiveness of psychological interventions to improve cognitive impairments in BDD and high BD. The systematic review report followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) statement. The databases Pubmed, WOS, Scopus and EBSCO were searched, yielding a total of 2,153 records. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles, published until September 2023, were selected. Eligible studies were assessed for potential risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment Review Manager (RevMan) tool for the Randomized Controlled Trials and ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized studies. The results suggest that psychological interventions can reduce cognitive defcits in BDD. However, the results are supported by a limited number of very diverse studies, conducted with non-clinical, small samples, few sessions and an overall moderate risk of bias. Further research is needed to confrm the efcacy of psychological interventions on cognitive defcits in BDD.
- A Farmácia do Futuro: perceção e contributos dos profissionais de farmáciaPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Jesus, Ângelo; Moreira, Fernando; Gomes, Filipe; Monteiro, Stéphane; Severino, Ricardo; Marques, AntónioA utilização das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TIC), das tecnologias digitais e da inteligência artificial (IA) tem revolucionado a prestação de serviços na área da saúde, frequentemente designados por eHealth (Dores et al., 2020; Therapy 2.0). As Farmácias Comunitárias, beneficiando dos potenciais contributos destas tecnologias, podem agora oferecer novos serviços e em formatos inovadores, designadamente a Telefarmácia. No entanto, a investigação das adaptações de recursos materiais e humanos é crucial para que se garanta maior recetividade dos profissionais e demais agentes envolvidos, maior sucesso das soluções desenvolvidas com recurso a tecnologia eHealth e sua efetiva implementação. Neste processo não se podem descurar questões relativas à ciber-segurança e à interoperabilidade destas tecnologias com os sistemas de informação pré-existentes.
- Consumo de fármacos, suplementos e fitoterápicos, e risco de interações: revisão sistemática do impacto das crenças e do conhecimentoPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Castro, Maria; Sã, Catarina; Martins, Andreia; Maia, Eva; Praça, Isabel; ForPharmacy team; Marques, AntónioO aumento do consumo de diversos produtos naturais e em particular de suplementos para fins diversos, como melhoria do desempenho físico e/ou intelectual, tem aumentando nos últimos anos, com consequências negativas para a saúde, algumas fatais. A falta de conhecimento sobre estes produtos, crenças erradas, a aquisição sem aconselhamento e em locais pouco seguros parecem contribuir para esta realidade que precisa de investigação adicional (Dores et al., 2021)
- The pharmacy of the future: pharmacy professionals’ perceptions and contributions regarding new services in community pharmaciesPublication . Dores, Artemisa R.; Peixoto, Miguel; Carvalho, Irene P.; Jesus, Ângelo; Moreira, Fernando; Marques, AntónioThe use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has revolutionized the provision of health services, often referred to as eHealth, benefiting community pharmacies that can offer new services in innovative formats, namely through telepharmacy. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of pharmacy professionals (i.e., pharmacists and pharmacy technicians) on the provision of new services. The study consisted of administering an online questionnaire to pharmacy professionals nationwide. The questionnaire was developed by the research team, based on focus group methodology, from which an inductive analysis led to the categories that made up the dimensions of the survey. Participants were 95 pharmacy professionals with a mean age of 33.69 years old (SD = 10.75). Almost 79% were women. The results show overall receptivity to the development of new services in community pharmacies. Suggestions for the development of the new services, conditions necessary for their implementation, potential obstacles, and strategies to promote adherence to the new services, among others, are identified. The knowledge thus acquired will help community pharmacies to develop innovative solutions in counselling, pharmacotherapy monitoring, and pharmacovigilance, for example, of herb/dietary supplement–drug adverse reactions and interactions. Based on this information, new services can become more accessible, namely through the use of ICTs.
- Neurophysiological correlates of near-wins in gambling: A systematic literature reviewPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Fernandes, Carina; Geraldo, Andreia,; Griffiths, Mark D.; Barbosa, FernandoIdentification of specific patterns of brain activity related to problem gambling may provide a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the importance of neurophysiological studies to better understand development and persistence of gambling behavior. The patterns of cognitive functioning have been investigated through electroencephalography (EEG) studies based on the near-win/near-miss (NW) effect. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the neurophysiological basis of NWs and their modulation by gambling problems through a systematic review of event-related potentials (ERP) studies elicited by feedback events. The review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA). A total of 15 studies were included, 12 comprising non-problem gamblers (NPGs) and three comparing problem gamblers (PGs) with matched controls. For the P300 component, the win outcome elicited a larger amplitude than the other outcomes (NW and loss), followed by the NW outcome, which elicited a larger amplitude than loss in some studies. For feedback-related negativity (FRN), the loss outcome evoked a more negative amplitude in several studies, despite eliciting a similar amplitude to NW outcomes in others. For PGs, the NW outcome evoked a higher amplitude of P300 than loss, while NPGs showed a similar amplitude to both outcomes. The present review gathered information from different sources and provides a consistent view of the different studies. However, studies lack systematic and robust methodologies, leading to inconsistent results and making it difficult to reach any definitive conclusions.