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- Automated resource allocation for T-ResPublication . Gaur, Shashank; Rangarajan, Raghuraman; Tovar, EduardoThis paper presents a demo of an extension developed to support an existing programming abstraction for IoT: mTRes. mT-Res is an extension of the T-Res programming abstraction, which allows users to write applications using a web framework independent of resources. The paper describes an automated mechanism for allocate resources to such applications and adapt to changes in those resources.
- Evaluation of parental control tools functionalities: The Chilean contextPublication . Rojas, Nicolás; Boettcher, Nicolás; Játiva, Pablo Palacios; Gutiérrez Gaitán, MiguelChoosing a reliable parental control tool is essential to supervising minors accessing information and using electronic devices. For this, it is necessary to determine which tools are the most suitable and if their functionalities are effective. To our knowledge, despite the availability of existing tools that evaluate applications and different actors, e.g., parent control applications recommended by Internet Service Providers (ISPs), none of them properly characterize the various functionalities provided by the application while validating their efficacy. In this paper, we propose a new comprehensive metric to effectively identify and evaluate the functionalities provided by tools in the field of parental control. The metric is applied to some of the most downloaded apps from the Play Store, and the results are compared with the applications recommended by ISPs in Chile, which cover more than 93% of the market. The results from our analysis show that none of the parent control applications recommended by Chilean ISPs managed to provide full confidence in the functionalities implemented since at least one of their functions did not pass the test applied. The end goal for the test metric proposed is to allow future developers to assess their applications beforehand while offering a better match with the customer’s expected service.
- Guest Editorial Special Issue on Communications Technologies and Infrastructures for Smart e-Health SystemsPublication . Ullah, Sana; Pedrycz, Witold; Karagiannidis, George K.; Chao, Han-Chieh; Gacek, Adam; Verikoukis, ChristosThe papers in included in this special issue examines new and novel communication methods for smart e-health systems. Recent developments in the healthcare domain have facilitated the integration of several technologies for smart, cost-effective, reliable, and pervasive health monitoring of chronic diseases. Current research efforts focus on developing real-time communication methods, mostly for body area networks (BANs) that are used to deliver patients´ information effectively. These efforts are limited to communication within a BAN; however, less attention has been paid to connect multiple BANs to remote servers in real time. In addition, there is a limited study on the integration of BANs with different technologies including mobile cloud computing—a technology that may assist in storing and processing the huge amount of BAN data at competitive costs. Machine to machine is also considered to be a valuable paradigm in delivering BAN data to a remote server/cloud for further analysis. This may assist in reducing risks and cost of remote health monitoring. Unlike conventional research in BANs where researchers focused on individual networks, there is a need to develop innovative communication methods with a focus on complete and smart e-health systems. This smart e-health system must integrate the aforementioned technologies with multiple BANs, and provide rich healthcare services to end users. It calls for research on versatile topics ranging from physical and medium access control protocols to BANs coexistence, traffic characterization, cloud resource allocation, and cloud monitoring and maintenance.
- Guest editorial: real-time networks and systemsPublication . Pinho, Luis Miguel; Faucou, SébastienThis section of Real-Time Systems provides extended journal versions of the outstanding work presented at the 24th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS 2016), held at Université de Bretagne Occidentale (November 2016, in Brest, France). The purpose of RTNS is to provide a venue for sharing new ideas, experiences and information among academic researchers, developers and service providers in the field of real-time systems and networks. The 24th edition of the conference continued the established series with a rich program of 34 papers (out of 75 submissions), with a diversity of topics, such as transactions and distributed systems, network analysis, synchronous dataflow graphs, scheduling and schedulability, periodic systems and control, network optimization, many-core and networks-on-chip, multicore scheduling, timing analysis, parallelism, a clear demonstration of the broad scope of real-time systems and networks research. The special issue consists of four papers that cover various areas, from high level system design and optimization to low level timing analysis of computer systems and networks, which have undergone a rigorous peer-review process according to the journal’s high standards.
- Joint spectrum and antenna selection diversity for V2V links with ground reflectionsPublication . Robles, Ramiro; Gutiérrez Gaitán, Miguel; Javanmardi, Gowhar; Kurunathan, HarrisonThis paper addresses the study of a fading-rejection algorithm based on joint spectrum and antenna selection in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) multiple antenna system. The central objective of this selective scheme is to provide resilience against the destructive effects of the superposition of line-of-sight (LOS) and ground-reflected signals. The paper also provides an extension to channels that combine such deterministic superposition of multiple paths and reflections with an uncorrelated double scattering component, which shows how the algorithm is also beneficial under more general channel modelling assumptions. A multiple-ray performance model is used to describe the deterministic signal interactions between multiple antennas across contiguous vehicles. The antenna selection component is shown to reject deterministic fading, particularly at short values of the inter-vehicular distance. By contrast, when the spectrum bands are correctly chosen, the spectrum selection component can exhibit gains for a wider range of inter-vehicular distances than its antenna selection counterpart. This indicates that both components of the proposed solution are, in some cases, complementary, and therefore, they should be considered together in V2V multiple antenna design. Derivation of the statistics of the selective scheme considering an additional double scattering stochastic channel component is here proposed. Simulation results from all expressions show important gains for a given range of inter-vehicular distances.
- A module for Data Centric Storage in ns-3Publication . Albano, Michele; Cerqueira, Tiago; Chessa, StefanoManagement of data in large wireless sensor networks presents many hurdles, mainly caused by the limited energy available to the sensors, and by the limited knowledge of the sensors regarding the topology of the network. The first problem has been targeted by the introduction of in-network storage of sensed data, which can save much communication energy. The second issue found some relief with the introduction of geographical protocols that do not need knowledge regarding the network at large. Data Centric Storage systems such as QNiGHT [1][2] assume that each sensor knows its own geographical location, and they use geographical routing such as the Enhanced Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (EGPSR) protocol, sketched in Figure 1, to deliver packets to the sensor closest to a given point in the sensing area.
- A module for the FTT-SE protocol in ns-3Publication . Oliveira, Fábio; Martínez, Ricardo Garibay; Cerqueira, Tiago; Albano, Michele; Ferreira, Luís LinoThe Flexible Time Triggered Switched Ethernet (FFT-SE) protocol allows the concurrent transmission of both real-time (i.e., synchronous and asynchronous) traffic and best-effort traffic over Ethernet. Communications within an FTT-SE network are done based on the reservation of fixed duration time slots called Elementary Cycles (ECs). The construction of the ECs and the media access control are managed by the master node. The FTTSE protocol uses the master/slave paradigm, in which the slave nodes make petitions for transmission to the master node, and the master node grants them access for transmission according to the scheduling algorithm chosen by the master node (e.g., Rate Monotonic, Earliest Deadline First, etc.).
- A module for the XDense architecture in ns-3Publication . Loureiro, João; Albano, Michele; Cerqueira, Tiago; Rangarajan, Raghuraman; Tovar, EduardoThe acquisition of data regarding some dynamic phenomena can require extremely dense deployments of sensors and high sampling rates. We propose XDense [1], a wired mesh grid sensor network architecture (see Figure 1a) tailored for scenarios that benefit from thousands of sensors per square meter. XDense has scalable network topology and it enables complex feature extraction in real-time from the observed phenomena, by exploiting distributed processing capabilities and inter-node communication, the latter being represented in Figure 1b.
- On the performance of an air-water visible light communication systemPublication . Martínez, Guillermo; Játiva, Pablo Palacios; Gutiérrez Gaitán, Miguel; Azurdia, Cesar; Boettcher, Nicolás; Zabala-Blanco, DavidResearch on wireless communication in water environments is gaining attention due to its relevance in enabling and supporting new applications under the Underwater Internet of Things (UIoT) umbrella. Visible Light Communication (VLC) is one of the emerging communication technologies with the potential to contribute to this domain, especially concerning direct communications from above the surface to underwater nodes. Although more traditional radio frequency (RF) communications are not suitable for air-to-water communications, VLC offers unique opportunities in this area. In this respect, this work presents a simulative study attempting to theoretically understand the performance of VLC systems in both underwater and air-to-water channels. We explore performance metrics including, link gain, time delay, and bit-error rate, while analyzing the optical signal interruption on the sea surface due to water level changes. The investigation offers preliminary results that shed light on the feasibility and challenges of effectively enabling cross-border air-water communication systems using VLC technologies.
- Response Time Analysis for Fixed-Priority Tasks with Multiple Probabilistic ParametersPublication . Maxim, Dorin; Cucu-Grosjean, LilianaWe consider a system of n synchronous tasks {t1, t2, ……tn} to be scheduled on one processor according to a preemptive fixed-priority task-level scheduling policy. Without loss of generality, we consider that ti has a higher priority than tj for i