ESS - TBIO/Rise Health - Comunicações em eventos científicos
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- Acceptance of industrial collaborative robots: Preliminar results of appliction of portuguese version of the Frankenstein Syndrome Questionnaire (FSQ)Publication . Pinto, Ana; Ferraz, Mariana; Nomura, Tatsuya; Santos, JoanaCobots are highly flexible and able to operate in the same workspace and at the same time with the worker. The use of these technologies allows for increased production performance while ensuring comfort and confidence for the worker. Robot acceptance is still a controversial topic with various approaches and methods to measure acceptance of humanoid robots. This study aimed to evaluate cobots acceptance after a motor assembly task in a collaborative workstation. 30 university students were divided into two groups, with group 1 having read the assembly instructions before the usage of the assembly workstation and group 2 without having any previous knowledge about the car engine. All participants completed the Portuguese version of the Frankenstein Syndrome Questionnaire (FSQ). Data analyses were carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 28.0. One correlations was found between the scales of the FSQ (p < 0.05). It was possible to conclude that the acceptance of robots by the participants in group 1 and group 2 was the same. This study can contribute to understanding which factors explain the acceptance of collaborative robots, to improve human-robot intercation.
- An unobtrusive multimodal stress detection model & recommender systemPublication . Ferreira, Simão; Correia, Hugo; Rodrigues, Fátima; Rodrigues, Matilde; Rocha, NunoStudies estimate that about 50% of all lost workdays are related to occupational stress. In recent years, several solutions for mental health management, including biofeedback applications, have emerged as a way to enhance employee mental health. Solutions to mitigate risk factors related to the working settings present an enormous potential and a clear contribution. However, most of the work that has been developed is limited to laboratory environments and does not suit real-life needs. Our study proposes an unobtrusive multimodal approach for detecting work-related stress combining videoplethysmography and self-reported measures for stablishing the ground truth in real-life settings. The study involved 28 volunteers over a two-month period. Various physiological signals were collected through a videopletismography solution, while users were performing daily working, for approximately eight hours a day. In parallel, selfreported measures were collected via a pop-up application (developed by the research team) that periodically retrieved the user's perceived stress (amongst other variables) in order to label the physiological data. In order to develop the stress detection model, we pre-processed the data and performed Heart Rate Variability (HRV) feature extraction. Then, we experimented with several machine learning models, utilizing both individual and combined physiological signals to explore all available alternatives. After rigorous evaluation, the best-trained model achieved an accuracy of over 80% and an F1 Score of over 85%. With the stress detection model in place, we are developing a structured intervention model to help reduce stress. This intervention model integrates two interconnected dimensions through digital coaching, which prioritizes personalized recommendations based on user preferences. Our top priority is to ensure user engagement, and we believe that adherence to and adoption of recommended interventions are more likely when users receive recommendations that align with their preferences. Thus, we prioritize personalized recommendations that are tailored to each individual's unique model. After detecting immediate stress peaks and providing real-time feedback on stress levels, our alarm system goes a step further by offering customized recommendations for brief stress relief. The digital coach (intervention model) offers various recommendations and active lifestyle changes such as exercise, task management, weight management, better sleep habits, structured pauses, and other critical interventions. These critical interventions are also based on user preferences, allowing our system to prevent future stress-related incidents and, most importantly, mitigate long-term stress. This project and its methodology demonstrate that truly unobtrusive stress detection is possible and can be performed within the scope of ethical demands. In future work, we will evaluate the responses and beneficial outcomes of implementing a recommender system.
- Aplicação digital de apoio a utilizadores de implante coclearPublication . Santos, Daniela; Lopes, Paula; da Costa Lopes, Paula MariaNo contexto da Audiologia, a inovação digital é crucial para melhorar a reabilitação auditiva. A NeuroHear surge como uma aplicação inovadora focada no suporte contínuo a utilizadores de Implante Coclear, promovendo a monitorização da Qualidade de Vida e o treino auditivo informal. Desenvolver uma aplicação que permita aos utilizadores de Implante Coclear acompanhar a sua evolução, realizar treino auditivo informal e receber acompanhamento remoto. Foi desenvolvida uma aplicação móvel baseada no preenchimento do Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ), traduzido e validado para Português Europeu (Reis et al., 2022), complementada com ferramentas de treino auditivo e recursos como reconhecimento de sons, entre outros. A aplicação permite aos utilizadores preencher o NCIQ antes da ativação e aos 3, 6 e 12 meses após visualizar gráficos de evolução, receber notificações personalizadas e aceder a treino auditivo informal com níveis de dificuldade ajustáveis. A NeuroHear oferece uma solução inovadora na área da Audiologia, permitindo um acompanhamento mais eficiente e personalizado dos utilizadores de Implante Coclear, contribuindo para uma melhor adaptação e Qualidade de Vida.
- Avaliação das doses de Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) em pediatriaPublication . Sá, Ana Cravo; Campos, Guilherme; Fernandes, Paulo; Di Maria, SalvatoreO CBCT é o tipo de imagem mais utilizado em radioterapia, no entanto não existem recomendações para os diferentes protocolos [1]. As doses provenientes das imagens diárias poderão atingir 1-3% da dose prescrita, aumentando o risco de tumores radio-induzidos, sendo importante aferir para doentes pediátricos [2]. Pretende-se avaliar as doses de CBCT em doentes pediátricos. As medições realizaram-se em dois sistemas de CBCT, com recurso a um fantoma computed tomography dose index (CTDI) e câmaras de ionização de 100 mm [2]. Os protocolos de cabeça, tórax e pélvico foram considerados num total de 60 medições. Utilizou-se o fantoma TOR 18 FG para avaliar a qualidade da imagem. Avaliou-se a razão sinal ruído (RSR) com voltagens entre 40 kV até 150 kV e 25 mA e um tempo de exposição de 50 ms. As simulações Monte Carlo foram realizadas com o software PENELOPE e com recurso a dois fantomas femininos pediátricos de 10 e 15 anos. Entre os dois sistemas de CBCT verificaram-se diferenças de 1,5 mGy por CBCT para o protocolo de cabeça, 10,7 mGy para o protocolo pélvico e 1,5 mGy para o protocolo de tórax. Obteve-se o melhor rácio de RSR para 60 kV. A máxima diferença foi obtida no útero, com uma redução de dose de 93% face aos valores dos parâmetros fornecidos pelo fabricante. Atualmente, existem várias recomendações sobre os parâmetros de aquisição do CBCT e estes variam entre os diferentes países [3]. Vários estudos [2,4] demonstram estratégias de redução de dose dos CBCT que corroboram os nossos resultados. Obteve-se uma redução de dose de 29% para o protocolo de tórax, 39% para protocolo de cabeça e 42% para o protocolo pélvico para uma voltagem de 60 kV.
- Beyond the brain: The hidden role of cardiorenal dysfunction in Parkinson’s diseasePublication . Teixeira, C.; Araújo, B.; Caridade-Silva, Rita; Martins-Macedo, J.; Guedes,Carla; Gomes, Eduardo; Falcão-Pires, I.; Alencastre, I.; Teixeira, F.; Guedes, Carla; Gomes, EduardoParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, marked by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in critical areas of the brain, particularly the striatum and substantia nigra. PD's complex nature suggests its interactions with various systemic health issues, particularly those affecting organs outside the central nervous system (CNS), which may increase the risk of developing PD and affect treatment outcomes. Research indicates that individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) face significantly higher risks of PD, even when controlling for shared risk factors. Notably, alpha-synuclein aggregations, a hallmark of PD, have also been found in the renal and cardiac tissues of patients with PD, CKD, and CVD, highlighting the interconnectedness of these systems. The Zucker fatty and spontaneously hypertensive (ZSF1) rats model metabolic syndrome, which includes kidney issues and heart failure. This study aimed to explore how the ZSF1 phenotype impacts the integrity of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammatory processes. Brain tissues from ZSF1 rats were analyzed through immunostaining with markers specific to dopaminergic and glial cells. The results showed a significant decrease in dopaminergic markers in the striatum and substantia nigra, indicating a potential link between cardiorenal dysfunction and neurodegenerative pathways. These findings suggest that systemic health conditions can directly influence PD pathology, emphasizing the complex interactions between the brain, heart, and kidneys, and presenting new opportunities for targeted PD therapies.
- Burnout and coping strategies among Professors during COVID-19: Portugal-Brazil comparative studyPublication . Pinto, Ana; Carvalho, Carla; Rodriguez, Susana; Simões, Ana; Carvalhais, Carlos; Gonçalves, Fernando J.; Santos, JoanaThe global pandemic experienced in recent years led Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to close their facilities to safeguard the health and safety of the academic community. This reality overloaded professors in terms of work, often leading them to the limit of exhaustion and impacting on their performance, quality of life and well-being, taking, in many cases, to burnout. This study aims to identify and characterize the frequency of burnout and strategies of coping in professors from HEIs of Portugal and Brazil. A sample of 132 professors answered to online self-administrated questionnaires: sociodemographic and telework conditions; Oldenburg-Burnout Inventory and Brief-COPE. The results suggest that: regarding burnout, the exhaustion dimension is higher among professors in Portugal; regarding coping strategies, professors in Brazil use more strategies designated as maladaptive. Appropriate coping strategies and resources made available to professors can contribute to their well-being at work and to their quality of life and happiness.
- Chronic toxicity of valproic acid in daphnia magnaPublication . Machado, Beatriz; Prudêncio, Cristina; Ferraz, Ricardo; Barros, PiedadeEnvironmental exposure to pharmaceuticals, have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans and numerous pharmaceuticals have been identified on surface watersall around the world. After administration, medicines are absorbed, metabolized,and excreted to the sewer system, but many are refractory to the traditional wastewater treatment and become widely distributed in freshwater riversand lakes. Valproic acid is a short-chain fatty acid,clinically used as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, in neurological diseases, whose adverse effects in aquatic organisms are not fully studied. Daphnia magnaisa planktonic crustacean found in lakes and ponds and is one of the most used organisms in aquatic toxicology studies. The adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in Daphni ahave consequences in all the ecosystem. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of valproic acid in the reproduction of Daphnia magna. The chronic toxicity study had a duration of 21 days. It was evaluated the effect of five different concentrations of valproic acid(0,4 mg/L, 0,6 mg/L, 0,8 mg/L, 1,0 mg/L and 1,2 mg/L). The parameters evaluated were age at first, second and third posture; the number and mortality of juveniles of each posture. Valproic acid affected the age of the first posture in all the concentrations, it is notice able a delay comparatively to the control. In relation to the juveniles, all concentrations of valproic acid induced aborted eggs, and this number was higher at the highest concentrations (1,0 mg/L and 1,2 mg/L). The control didn’t have any aborted eggs. At the highest concentrations, juvenile mortality was higher,and postures were smaller than the control. Valproic acid interfere with the reproduction of Daphnia magna, causing a delay in reproduction and affecting the number and viability of the offspring.
- Cognitive workload and fatigue in a human-robot collaborative assembly workstation: A pilot studyPublication . Santos, Joana; Ferraz, Mariana; Pinto, Ana; Rocha, Luís Freitas; Costa, Carlos M.; Simões, Ana Correia; Bombeke, Klass; Vaz, MárioIndustry 5.0 represents a novel approach that builds upon the advancements of Industry 4.0 and is aimed at fostering a more harmonious relationship between humans and machines to prioritize resource efficiency and user-centered manufacturing.Objective: This paper presents a study, integrated in the COBOSHe project, for assessing and analyzing the cognitive workload and fatigue, using heart rate (HR) and a perceived scale related to fatigue, in a car engine assembly in which a robot and ahuman operator are performing tasks in a shared workspace. For this purpose, a sample of 30 subjects were divided into two groups, with group A having read the assembly instructions before the usage of the assembly workstation and group B without having any previous knowledge about the car engine. The data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics (Kruskal-Wallis’s test and Spearman's correlation test) in the IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 28.0. The results showed thatHRand perceived fatigue didn’t had statistical differences between groups(p=0.380). There is insufficient statistical evidence, to state that the subscales of SOFI are not identical between the two groups(p >0.05). Therefore, we conclude that the usage of the augmented reality system in the assembly workstation for providing on demand instructions was intuitive and allowed the operators to learn how to assemble the car engine without requiring any previous knowledge about the assembly process. This type of study allows to improve collaborative workstations, as it increases the efficiency and productivity of production lines.
- Comparing time series forecasting models for health indicators: A clustering analysis approachPublication . Vinhal, Cláudia; Oliveira, Alexandra; Faria, Brígida; Nascimento, Ana Paula; Pimenta, Rui; Oliveira, Alexandra; Faria, Brigida Monica; Pimenta, RuiTime series are the sequence of observations ordered by equal time intervals, crucial for understanding causality, trends, and forecasts. Its analysis can be applied to several areas, such as engineering, finance, and health (1,2). One problem with the time series study is clustering, mainly understanding when two parametric time series are considered similar (3). The sum of mortality and morbidity, referred to as “Burden of Disease”, is measured by a metric called “Disability Adjusted Life Years” (DALYs) (4). These indicators are direct measures of health care needs, reflecting the global burden of disease in the population, and are crucial for public health study and surveillance (5). DALYs can be represented by Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) models, and in this context understanding clusters is crucial. The primary goal is to compare different distance measures between ARIMA processes when used in clustering techniques. The study begins by exploring the temporal characteristics of DALYs, highlighting underlying patterns and trends. Then, ARIMA models are applied to represent and describe the time series. It’s on this representation of the time series that the Piccolo, the Maharaj, and the LPC distance measures are applied to use clustering techniques and identify clusters. Additionally, 8 distinct cluster validation metrics are used. Specific to 48 European countries, the results show that the choice of distance measure can greatly influence clustering outcomes and the number of clusters formed. While certain methods revealed geographic patterns, other factors, such as cultural or economic similarities, also influence cluster formation. These insights contribute to advancing the field of public health surveillance and intervention, ultimately aiming to alleviate the global burden of disease. This study offers insights into applying ARIMA processes in clustering techniques for analysing temporal health data. By comparing different distance measures, this research improves our understanding of underlying patterns and trends in health indicators over time.
- Does attention to cardiac sensations modulate heartbeat-evoked potentials even after controlling for cognitive demands?Publication . Braga, Patrícia Vilela; Vieira, Beatriz; Carina, Fernandes; Barbosa, Fernando; Santos, Fernando Ferreira; Pereira, Mariana R.; Rocha, Nuno Barbosa; Mazer, Prune; Pasion, Rita; Schütz-Bosbach, Simone; Paiva, Tiago Oliveira; Campos, Carlos; Campos, Carlos; Rocha, Nuno; Mazer, PruneHeartbeat-evoked potentials (HEP) have been shown to be modulated by attentional focus (cardiac vs. exteroceptive attention), suggesting that HEP are a neural correlate of interoceptive prediction errors. However, this effect has not been consistently replicated, and differences in cognitive effort when contrasting interoceptive vs. exteroceptive attention may be a confounding factor. We devised a modified Heartbeat Attention Task to examine whether cardiac attention can modulate HEP amplitude even when cognitive demands are matched across interoceptive and exteroceptive conditions. In exteroceptive blocks, subjects were required to count subtle bursts of volume increase embedded within a continuous white noise. The bursts’ volume was individually tailored for each participant (near absolute threshold) and were presented in a rhythmic pattern replicating a typical heart rate. In interoceptive blocks, participants were asked to count their heartbeats, whilst the white noise was still presented, ensuring that the neural effects were driven by the attention shift rather than sensory changes. The task was first completed by 50 participants (25F; 28.44y) during a 9-electrode EEG recording: frontal, central and parietal sites. No significant differences were found regarding counted heartbeats (M=122.00) vs white noise bursts (M=118.86) as well as on perceived attentional efforts (heart M=65.00 vs bursts M=67.00), indicating similar task demands across conditions. No significant differences between conditions were found on HEP amplitude across all electrodes (p > .137 for all), suggesting no attentional modulation of HEP amplitude after accounting for cognitive demands. Due to the reduced number of electrodes, a follow-up sample of 26 participants (13F; 21.73y) completed the task using a new EEG geodesic 64-channel sensor net. This dataset is currently under processing and will allow for a more comprehensive data-driven analytic approach (cluster-based permutation test) to ensure whether the attentional modulation of HEP amplitude is indeed absent when accounting for cognitive demands.