Browsing by Author "Peixoto, Miguel"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 14
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Consumo de fármacos, suplementos e fitoterápicos, e risco de interações: revisão sistemática do impacto das crenças e do conhecimentoPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Castro, Maria; Sã, Catarina; Martins, Andreia; Maia, Eva; Praça, Isabel; ForPharmacy team; Marques, AntónioO aumento do consumo de diversos produtos naturais e em particular de suplementos para fins diversos, como melhoria do desempenho físico e/ou intelectual, tem aumentando nos últimos anos, com consequências negativas para a saúde, algumas fatais. A falta de conhecimento sobre estes produtos, crenças erradas, a aquisição sem aconselhamento e em locais pouco seguros parecem contribuir para esta realidade que precisa de investigação adicional (Dores et al., 2021)
- Deep technologies and safer gambling: A systematic reviewPublication . Cardoso, Leonor G.; Barroso, Beatriz C. R.; Piccoli, Gloria; Peixoto, Miguel; Morgado, Pedro; Marques, António; Rocha, Carla; Griffiths, Mark D.; Queirós, Ricardo; Dores, Artemisa; Pereira da Silva Marques, António José; de Faria Távora Moreira Peixoto, MiguelDeep technologies combine engineering innovation and scientific findings to solve complex problems and are becoming particularly relevant to the gambling industry. With the global rise of gambling practices and the subsequent increase of gambling-related problems and disorders, deep technologies have emerged as a way to create safer online gambling environments. However, there is still limited knowledge regarding their applica bility and consequences. The present study systematically reviewed the existing literature on deep technologies in gambling environments, such as online casinos and betting platforms, and explored their potential benefits, risks, and effectiveness in promoting safer gambling experiences. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were conducted in Web of Sci ence, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and IEEE databases, and manually. A total of sixty-eight studies were included in the review. In general, four primary applications of deep technologies in online settings were found: (i) behavioural monitoring and feedback; (ii) predictive risk modelling; (iii) decision support and AI classifiers; and (iv) limit-setting/self-exclusion tools. They were primarily used to identify and classify problematic gambling, prompt individual action, regulate gambling behaviours, raise awareness of risk levels, promote responsible gambling practices, support research, interventions, and evaluate player protection initiatives. Together, the findings suggest that deep technologies offer ample opportunities to enhance gambler safety and reduce potential risks, although challenges may arise from their implementation, such as privacy and ethical concerns, malicious data use, misclassification of risk levels, and difficulties in large-scale application. Limitations and directions for future studies are discussed
- Effectiveness of Interventions for cognitive processing in body dysmorphic disorder and body dissatisfaction: Systematic reviewPublication . López‑Martín, Olga ; Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Marques, AntónioBody Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is characterised by an appearance-related cognitive defcit based on distorted ideas and beliefs about one’s own body. These lead to high body dissatisfaction (BD), which afects attention, cognitive processing and behaviour. The aim of this review was to systematically examine the evidence for the efectiveness of psychological interventions to improve cognitive impairments in BDD and high BD. The systematic review report followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) statement. The databases Pubmed, WOS, Scopus and EBSCO were searched, yielding a total of 2,153 records. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles, published until September 2023, were selected. Eligible studies were assessed for potential risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment Review Manager (RevMan) tool for the Randomized Controlled Trials and ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized studies. The results suggest that psychological interventions can reduce cognitive defcits in BDD. However, the results are supported by a limited number of very diverse studies, conducted with non-clinical, small samples, few sessions and an overall moderate risk of bias. Further research is needed to confrm the efcacy of psychological interventions on cognitive defcits in BDD.
- Executive function in gambling disorder: A meta-analysis on neuropsychological evidencePublication . Peixoto, Miguel; Dores, Artemisa; Monteiro, Maria; Marques, António; Barbosa, Fernando; Pereira da Silva Marques, António José; Dores, Artemisa; de Faria Távora Moreira Peixoto, MiguelGambling disorder (GD) is associated with defcits in various cognitive functions. Specifcally for executive function (EF), previous fndings are inconsistent, despite defcits being reported for shifting, inhibition, planning, and working memory domains. Although a worse performance in EF measures related to GD severity is often reported, there is a need to clarify current evidence. This study aims to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis to clarify the association between EF defcits and GD. The current study followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols. The meta-analysis used a random efects model and robust variance estimation to analyze the data, using Hedge’s g to report efect sizes. A total of 21 studies were systematically reviewed, of which 17 were included for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed for shifting, inhibition, planning, and verbal fuency. Due to a lower number of studies, working memory data was systematically reviewed, but no meta-analysis was performed. Significant efect sizes were found for shifting and inhibition, indicative of defcits in participants with GD. No signifcant defcits were found for the other EF domains. Working memory results revealed inconsistent evidence, even when divided into verbal and visuospatial modalities. There is enough evidence of defcits in shifting and inhibition in participants with GD. However, better sample characterization should be considered in future studies to better understand the sources of potential heterogeneity. Consideration of gambling severity as a continuous variable could allow for a more detailed analysis of EF alterations across the various degrees of GD.
- A Farmácia do Futuro: perceção e contributos dos profissionais de farmáciaPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Jesus, Ângelo; Moreira, Fernando; Gomes, Filipe; Monteiro, Stéphane; Severino, Ricardo; Marques, AntónioA utilização das tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TIC), das tecnologias digitais e da inteligência artificial (IA) tem revolucionado a prestação de serviços na área da saúde, frequentemente designados por eHealth (Dores et al., 2020; Therapy 2.0). As Farmácias Comunitárias, beneficiando dos potenciais contributos destas tecnologias, podem agora oferecer novos serviços e em formatos inovadores, designadamente a Telefarmácia. No entanto, a investigação das adaptações de recursos materiais e humanos é crucial para que se garanta maior recetividade dos profissionais e demais agentes envolvidos, maior sucesso das soluções desenvolvidas com recurso a tecnologia eHealth e sua efetiva implementação. Neste processo não se podem descurar questões relativas à ciber-segurança e à interoperabilidade destas tecnologias com os sistemas de informação pré-existentes.
- Formar profissionais de saúde de excelência: A importância da comunicação clínicaPublication . Dores, Artemisa; Ramião, Eduarda; Freitas, Maria João; Peixoto, Miguel; Cardoso, Joana; Sousa, Zita; Dores, Artemisa; de Faria Távora Moreira Peixoto, MiguelA comunicação clínica é fundamental para garantir um cuidado centrado no paciente, promovendo melhores resultados em saúde, fortalecendo a relação terapêutica e apoiando a tomada de decisões informadas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as práticas pedagógicas adotadas nas unidades curriculares de Psicologia da Comunicação, da responsabilidade da Área Técnico-Científica de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, lecionadas a diferentes cursos técnicos superiores profissionais e a licenciaturas de tecnologias da saúde, na Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto. São abordadas temáticas como: comunicação verbal e não-verbal, estilos de comunicação, resolução de conflitos, trabalho em equipa, comunicação em exames complementares de diagnóstico, atitudes comunicacionais, microcompetências e lidar com emoções fortes. A investigação na área e a reflexão crítica em torno da prática, com estudantes e docentes, suportada na atualização constante, suportam os métodos e técnicas pedagógicas adotadas, como as dinâmicas de grupo, o role-play e a simulação em vídeo. As práticas adotadas, com uma forte integração teórico-prática, potenciam o desenvolvimento de competências (conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes) de comunicação clínica, fundamentais ao exercício profissional na área da saúde. Esta área enfrenta desafios novos e crescentes, como o acelerado desenvolvimento tecnológico e digital. Importa preparar os futuros profissionais de saúde para conciliarem tecnologia e relação, como dimensões indissociáveis da prestação de serviços de saúde de qualidade no séc. XXI.
- Influence of clinical and psychosocial factors on the adherence to topical treatment in psoriasisPublication . Teixeira, Ana; Teixeira, Maribel; Gaio, Rita; Torres, Tiago; Magina, Sofia; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Sousa-Lobo, José; Almeida, Isabel; Peixoto, Miguel; Almeida, VeraPsoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with different manifestations, affecting the quality of life at social, emotional, and professional dimensions and requiring long-term treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychosocial and clinical factors on adherence to topical treatment in psoriasis. Self-reported measures and weighing the medicines were used to assess adherence. Psychopathological symptoms were measured using the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI). Social and clinical factors were assessed by a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Adherence to treatment with topical medication was assessed using a sample of 102 psoriasis patients. The explanatory models of adherence to topical treatment in psoriasis translated into positive associations between adherence and the education level (higher education) (p = 0.03; φ = 0.23), the single-family household (p = 0.01; φ = 0.44), active employment status (p = 0.05; φ = −0.19), familiar history of psoriasis (p = 0.04; φ = −0.21), and the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p = 0.01; d = 0.29). (4) Conclusions: In patients who present the characteristics identified that influence non-adherence, instructions should be reinforced to increase adherence. The experimental mortality (39.6%) reduced the sample size, representing a limitation of the study.
- Inventory of sensory, emotional, and cognitive reserve (SECri): Proposal of a new instrument and preliminary dataPublication . Pinto, Joana O.; Vieira, Isabel; Barroso, Beatriz C. R.; Peixoto, Miguel; Pontes, Diogo; Peixoto, Bruno; Dores, Artemisa R.; Barbosa, FernandoA new model of reserve, the Sensory, Emotional, and Cognitive Reserve (SEC) model, has beenrecently proposed, but so far this model has not been operationalized in instruments to evaluatethe different domains of the reserve. This study introduces the SEC reserve inventory (SECri) alongwith preliminary data obtained from a study involving 57 adults, aged 35 and older. The SECriassesses the SEC domains using specific proxies: (a) sensory reserve (SR) through sensory acuity andsensory perception proxies; (b) emotional reserve (ER) through life events, resilience, and emotionalregulation proxies; and (c) cognitive reserve (CR) through education, occupation, socioeconomicstatus, bilingualism, leisure activities, and personality traits proxies. Key features of SECri includeself- and informant-report forms, fine-grained response scales, and the evaluation of reservedevelopment across the lifespan. Findings on the acceptability, convergent validity between SECridomains and validated tests for the same constructs, internal consistency of each domain, andpredictive validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores support further research with thisinventory. Future studies should consider determining SECri’s psychometric properties in clinical andsubclinical conditions to evaluate its prognostic value in cases of neurocognitive decline.
- Knowledge and beliefs about herb/supplement consumption and herb/supplement–drug Interactions among the general population, including healthcare professionals and pharmacists: a systematic review and guidelines for a smart decision systemPublication . Dores, Artemisa R.; Peixoto, Miguel; Castro, Maria; Sá, Catarina; Carvalho, Irene P.; Martins, Andreia; Maia, Eva; Praça, Isabel; Marques, AntónioThe increased consumption of a variety of herbs/supplements has been raising serious health concerns. Owing to an inadequate understanding of herb/supplement–drug interactions, the simultaneous consumption of these products may result in deleterious effects and, in extreme cases, even fatal outcomes. This systematic review is aimed at understanding the knowledge and beliefs about the consumption of herbs/supplements and herb/drug–supplement interactions (HDIs). The study follows the PRISMA guidelines. Four online databases (Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane; and EBSCOhost) were searched, and a total of 44 studies were included, encompassing 16,929 participants. Herb and supplement consumption is explained mostly by the reported benefits across multiple conditions and ease of use. Regarding HDIs, most people take both herbs/supplements and prescription drugs simultaneously. Only a small percentage of participants have knowledge about their interaction effects, and many reported adverse interactions or side effects. Nevertheless, the main reason for stopping the prescribed drug intake is the perceived lack of its effect, and not due to interactions. Therefore, it is important to increase the knowledge about supplement use so that further strategies can be elaborated to better detect or be alert for whenever a potentially dangerous reaction and/or interaction may occur. This paper raises awareness regarding the need for developing a decision support system and ends with some considerations about the development of a technological solution capable of detecting HDIs and, thereby, aiding in the improvement of pharmacy services.
- Neurophysiological correlates of near-wins in gambling: A systematic literature reviewPublication . Dores, Artemisa Rocha; Peixoto, Miguel; Fernandes, Carina; Geraldo, Andreia,; Griffiths, Mark D.; Barbosa, FernandoIdentification of specific patterns of brain activity related to problem gambling may provide a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the importance of neurophysiological studies to better understand development and persistence of gambling behavior. The patterns of cognitive functioning have been investigated through electroencephalography (EEG) studies based on the near-win/near-miss (NW) effect. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the neurophysiological basis of NWs and their modulation by gambling problems through a systematic review of event-related potentials (ERP) studies elicited by feedback events. The review followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA). A total of 15 studies were included, 12 comprising non-problem gamblers (NPGs) and three comparing problem gamblers (PGs) with matched controls. For the P300 component, the win outcome elicited a larger amplitude than the other outcomes (NW and loss), followed by the NW outcome, which elicited a larger amplitude than loss in some studies. For feedback-related negativity (FRN), the loss outcome evoked a more negative amplitude in several studies, despite eliciting a similar amplitude to NW outcomes in others. For PGs, the NW outcome evoked a higher amplitude of P300 than loss, while NPGs showed a similar amplitude to both outcomes. The present review gathered information from different sources and provides a consistent view of the different studies. However, studies lack systematic and robust methodologies, leading to inconsistent results and making it difficult to reach any definitive conclusions.