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Abstract(s)
O fenómeno do empreendedorismo social é um acontecimento atual e vem sendo objeto de estudo por parte de vários investigadores no âmbito internacional, ainda que seja um campo pouco aprofundado em Cabo-Verde.
Cabo Verde dispõe, no entanto, de alguma experiência na área do microcrédito. Os primeiros contactos com este tipo de negócio social começaram em meados dos anos 90, com o surgimento de Organizações Não Governamentais (ONG) nacionais que emergiram a partir do apoio cedido por outras ONG internacionais com experiência no tema. Com este estudo pretende-se identificar e compreender a importância do microcrédito na vida dos cabo-verdianos e verificar a relação existente entre o microcrédito e o empreendedorismo social em Cabo Verde.
O estudo realizado é constituído por uma parcela teórica que constitui a revisão de literatura, que serviu de alicerce para a elaboração do estudo empírico. O estudo empírico foi realizado a partir de uma metodologia qualitativa, baseada em estudos de caso múltiplos, através da aplicação da técnica da entrevista semiestruturada a seis das quinze organizações que operam na área das microfinanças em Cabo Verde e cujo principal produto é o microcrédito. A amostra é constituída por uma organização estatal (CECV Microfinanças), e cinco ONG (Associação Cabo-verdiana de Autopromoção da Mulher (MORABI), Organização das Mulheres de Cabo Verde (OMCV), Associação de Apoio às Iniciativas de Autopromoção (SOLMI), a Associação de Apoio às Iniciativas de Autopromoção da Família (FAMI-PICOS) e o Centro de Inovação em Tecnologias de Intervenção Social para o Habitat (CITI-Habitat).
Os dados primários recolhidos através da entrevista, foram tratados de forma descritiva e expressas através do estudo de caso. Os resultados deste estudo permitiram identificar os estratos da sociedade cabo-verdiana onde o microcrédito tem maior influência, assim como o seu impacto na redução do desemprego, na mudança de vida dos cabo-verdianos, e o seu papel na luta contra a pobreza. O estudo realizado permitiu confirmar que as mulheres são o principal foco do microcrédito. Permitiu também constatar que o microcrédito se encontra relacionado com o empreendedorismo na medida em que o principal objetivo dos programas de financiamento atribuídos é o desenvolvimento de atividades geradoras de rendimento, muito embora estas sejam também acompanhadas por iniciativas destinadas à capacitação e formação dos beneficiários, comprovando o seu caráter social. Este estudo permitiu identificar que as instituições microfinanceiras (com destaque para as ONG) incentivam o empreendedorismo social através de formações e parcerias com instituições/associações comunitárias sem fins lucrativos e com outras instituições que atuam em Cabo-Verde, porém são raros os pedidos de financiamento através de microcrédito por parte de associações comunitárias.
The phenomenum of social entrepreneurship is current and has been studied by researchers in the international scope, however it is an area not so deeply developed in Cape Verde. A field in which Cape Verde have already some experience is microcredit, since the first contact with this kind of business has begun around the 90s, with the arise of nationals non-governamental organization, supported by international non-governamental organization. This study aims to identify and understand the importance of microcredit in the cape-verdeans’ lives and to analyze the relationship between microcredit and social entrepreneurship in Cape Verde. The study consists in a theorical part, which is the review of literature, that served as the basis for the realization of the empirical study. The empirical study was drawn through a qualitative methodology, based on semi-structured interviews. The sample comprised a governamental organization (CECV Microfinance) and five non-governamental organizations (MORABI, OMCV, SOLMI, FAMI-PICOS and CITI-HABITAT), and was composed of six of the fifteen organizations who work in the microfinance area in Cape Verde and whose major product is microcredit. The results of this study allow us to identify parts of the cape-verdian society that have most benefited from the microcredit programs, specifically its contribution to the decrease of unemployment and changing the cape-verdeans’ lives of, as well as its role on fight against poverty. The study allowed us to confirm that women are the main focus of microcredit programs and to verify that microcredit and entrepreneurship are related, since its main aim is the development of income generating activities, even though they are often followed by initiatives aimed to promote capacity building and training of its beneficiaries, which confirms its social character. The study revealed that microfinance institutions encourage social entrepreneurship through training and partnerships established with non profit organizations/associations, and with others institutions operating in Cape Verde, although the requests for funding through microcredit by community associations are scarce.
The phenomenum of social entrepreneurship is current and has been studied by researchers in the international scope, however it is an area not so deeply developed in Cape Verde. A field in which Cape Verde have already some experience is microcredit, since the first contact with this kind of business has begun around the 90s, with the arise of nationals non-governamental organization, supported by international non-governamental organization. This study aims to identify and understand the importance of microcredit in the cape-verdeans’ lives and to analyze the relationship between microcredit and social entrepreneurship in Cape Verde. The study consists in a theorical part, which is the review of literature, that served as the basis for the realization of the empirical study. The empirical study was drawn through a qualitative methodology, based on semi-structured interviews. The sample comprised a governamental organization (CECV Microfinance) and five non-governamental organizations (MORABI, OMCV, SOLMI, FAMI-PICOS and CITI-HABITAT), and was composed of six of the fifteen organizations who work in the microfinance area in Cape Verde and whose major product is microcredit. The results of this study allow us to identify parts of the cape-verdian society that have most benefited from the microcredit programs, specifically its contribution to the decrease of unemployment and changing the cape-verdeans’ lives of, as well as its role on fight against poverty. The study allowed us to confirm that women are the main focus of microcredit programs and to verify that microcredit and entrepreneurship are related, since its main aim is the development of income generating activities, even though they are often followed by initiatives aimed to promote capacity building and training of its beneficiaries, which confirms its social character. The study revealed that microfinance institutions encourage social entrepreneurship through training and partnerships established with non profit organizations/associations, and with others institutions operating in Cape Verde, although the requests for funding through microcredit by community associations are scarce.
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Keywords
Empreendedorismo Empreendedorismo social Microcrédito Instituições microfinanceiras Organizações não governamentais Cabo Verde Entrepreneurship Cape Verde Social entrepreneurship Non-governamental organizations Microcredit Microfinance institutions