Warfarin–Supplement Interactions: A Systematic Review

Alves, Pedro; Carreira, Bruno; Nogueira, Gonçalo; Sousa, Mariana; Cruz, Agotinho; Cruz, Agostinho

Publication

Warfarin–Supplement Interactions: A Systematic Review

2024-12-16Conference paper

dc.contributor.author	Alves, Pedro
dc.contributor.author	Carreira, Bruno
dc.contributor.author	Nogueira, Gonçalo
dc.contributor.author	Sousa, Mariana
dc.contributor.author	Cruz, Agotinho
dc.contributor.author	Cruz, Agostinho
dc.date.accessioned	2025-12-05T15:17:54Z
dc.date.available	2025-12-05T15:17:54Z
dc.date.issued	2024-12-16
dc.description.abstract	Food supplements, which are concentrated forms of nutrients, play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced diet by providing essential missing nutrients. However, their impact on drug interactions cannot be overlooked. One such drug is warfarin, which is an anticoagulant with a complex interplay involving various medications, foods, and supplements. Given the significant increase in the use of dietary supplements in reent years, there is a compelling rationale to investigate their interactions with warfarin. This systematic review aims to identify supplements that interact with warfarin, thereby providing insights into potential risks and implications. In order to address the research question “What potential drug in‑ teractions may arise when food supplements are taken concomitantly with warfarin?”, a PRISMA 2020 systematic review was conducted. To accomplish a comprehensive under‑ standing of the issue at hand, several databases were consulted. In order to fulfill the search platforms’ requirements, the terms “interactions”, “warfarin”, and “supplements” were combined in multiple ways. The inclusion criteria took into account original, ran‑ domized or non‑randomized studies and case studies that mention a supplement used concomitantly with warfarin. An artificial intelligence‑based tool was used to evaluate the studies’ quality. The obtained results were summarized in a table format, detailing the supplement used and the how the interaction occurs. A search of the literature yielded 968 articles, of which 14 were selected for review. These articles met the specified criteria, namely the use of a dietary supplement concomitantly with warfarin. Of these, 11 indicated a potential interaction, while three articles suggested that no interaction occurred. This work clarified the interactions between supplements and warfarin, emphasizing supplements such as dong quai, milk thistle, and American ginseng, which alter the mechanism of action of the drug. Furthermore, it is imperative for patients to seek counsel from healthcare professionals before modifying their dietary regimen.	por
dc.identifier.citation	Alves, P., Nogueira, G., Carreira, B., Sousa, M., & Cruz, A. (2024). 4.4. Warfarin–Supplement Interactions: A Systematic Review. IECN 2024 - The 4th International Electronic Conference on Nutrients, 45. https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/38/1/2
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/31124
dc.language.iso	eng
dc.peerreviewed	yes
dc.publisher	MDPI
dc.relation.hasversion	https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9976/38/1/2
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject	Warfarin
dc.subject	Interactions
dc.subject	Supplements
dc.title	Warfarin–Supplement Interactions: A Systematic Review	eng
dc.type	conference paper
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oaire.citation.conferenceDate	2024-10
oaire.citation.startPage	45
oaire.citation.title	IECN 2024 - The 4th International Electronic Conference on Nutrients - Biology and Life Sciences Forum
oaire.version	http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyName	Cruz
person.givenName	Agostinho
person.identifier.orcid	0000-0002-1157-8196
relation.isAuthorOfPublication	d7ec3c5d-b3e0-4e34-8e24-4d1588876120
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	d7ec3c5d-b3e0-4e34-8e24-4d1588876120