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Abstract(s)
No âmbito da unidade curricular Dissertação/Estágio/Projeto, desenvolveu-se o estudo da eficiência de sistema inteligente de controlo de tráfego. No caso concreto, o software utilizado designa-se por Smartguard, do fabricante SIEMENS. Este estudo foi desenvolvido no decorrer de um estágio na Câmara Municipal do Porto.
Atualmente na cidade do Porto utiliza-se o sistema SIGA como sistema de controlo de tráfego. O sistema é auto-adaptativo à procura de tráfego, sendo gerido e comandado através dos softwares GERTRUDE e Smartguard, com 128 e 9 cruzamentos centralizados, respetivamente. A principal diferença entre ambos é que o software GERTRUDE necessita de ter hardware instalado e o Smartguard não. Para além disso, o software GERTRUDE permite a atualização em tempo real de cinco em cinco segundos e o Smartguard não possibilita esta atualização.
Para a realização deste trabalho delimitou-se a área a ser estudada, formando esta um “anel” centralizado constituído por nove controladores de tráfego na zona da Asprela, efetuando-se a monitorização pré e pós implementação da solução. Para além da caraterização da zona, foi ainda necessário proceder ao dimensionamento de recursos humanos e meios para aplicar as várias técnicas da avaliação de um sistema deste tipo. A zona da Asprela e em particular a área delimitada foi escolhida devido à sua complexidade e especificidades, havendo necessidade de melhoria de circulação viária devido à grande afluência de trânsito que diariamente a afeta.
De forma a medir a eficiência das alterações proporcionados por um sistema deste tipo foram tidas em conta duas situações distintas sendo feita a comparação entre ambas posteriormente. Inicialmente a eficiência foi medida tendo em conta a programação existente na área em estudo. Posteriormente, e já com as alterações implementadas, isto é, com o sistema Smartguard em funcionamento, repetiram-se as técnicas de medição já utilizadas na fase de prévia de caraterização do existente.
Como se poderá ver mais à frente foram utilizados vários métodos para o cálculo do atraso, fazendo referência às metodologias de cada um deles e retirando as devidas conclusões acerca dos mesmos, como por exemplo quais são mais adequados à área em estudo e o número de recursos humanos necessários para a concretização de cada um dos métodos. Após a realização dos vários métodos que permitiram determinar o nível de serviço em cada grupo semafórico para cada uma das interseções estudadas, concluiu-se que em algumas vias o nível de serviço piora, enquanto que em outras melhora entre o após e o antes das alterações. Tal situação deve-se ao facto de a alteração nos ciclos dos grupos semafóricos aumentar as filas de espera em alguns ramos e criar mais congestionamento, em vez de o melhorar.
Within the course of Dissertation/Internship/Project, it was developed a study of Intelligent Traffic Control System Efficiency. This study was developed during an internship at the Porto City Council and the software used is called SmartGuard, from SIEMENS. The traffic control system currently used in Porto is SIGA. The system searches for traffic and is self-adaptative, being managed and commanded, through the GERTRUDE and Smartguard softwares, with 128 and 9 centralized intersections, respectively. The main difference between them is that GERTRUDE needs to have hardware installed and Smartguard does not. Besides, GERTRUDE allows real time updates every five seconds and Smartguard does not enable this update. The chosen area of the study was one centralized "ring" consisting in nine traffic controllers in the Asprela quarter. It was developed a pre and post monitoring of the implemented solution. In addition to the characterization of this area, it was also necessary to design means and human resources in order to apply the various techniques of evaluation. The Asprela quarter, and in particular the enclosed area, was chosen because of its complexity and specificity, requiring an improvement of road traffic infrastructure, due to the large influx of traffic that daily affects this zone. In order to measure the efficiency of the changes provided by the system, there were taken into account two distinct situations and a comparison between them was then performed. Initially, the efficiency was measured taking into account the traffic lights programming that already exists in the study area. Subsequently, and now with the implemented changes, i.e., the SmartGuard system in operation, the measuring methods used in the existing prior characterization phase were also employed. There were used several methods to calculate the delay, referring to the methodologies of each of them. The appropriate conclusions about them were then taken, such as which are the most suitable for the study area and the number of resources human resources required for the implementation of each method. After the application of the different methods that allowed the determination of the service level in each traffic light group for each of the studied intersections, it was concluded that in some lanes the evel of service become worse, while in other cases there is an improvement between before and after the changes. This situation is due to the fact that the change of cycles of the traffic signal groups increase the queues and produce traffic congestion, in some lanes, instead of traffic flow improvement (our main goal).
Within the course of Dissertation/Internship/Project, it was developed a study of Intelligent Traffic Control System Efficiency. This study was developed during an internship at the Porto City Council and the software used is called SmartGuard, from SIEMENS. The traffic control system currently used in Porto is SIGA. The system searches for traffic and is self-adaptative, being managed and commanded, through the GERTRUDE and Smartguard softwares, with 128 and 9 centralized intersections, respectively. The main difference between them is that GERTRUDE needs to have hardware installed and Smartguard does not. Besides, GERTRUDE allows real time updates every five seconds and Smartguard does not enable this update. The chosen area of the study was one centralized "ring" consisting in nine traffic controllers in the Asprela quarter. It was developed a pre and post monitoring of the implemented solution. In addition to the characterization of this area, it was also necessary to design means and human resources in order to apply the various techniques of evaluation. The Asprela quarter, and in particular the enclosed area, was chosen because of its complexity and specificity, requiring an improvement of road traffic infrastructure, due to the large influx of traffic that daily affects this zone. In order to measure the efficiency of the changes provided by the system, there were taken into account two distinct situations and a comparison between them was then performed. Initially, the efficiency was measured taking into account the traffic lights programming that already exists in the study area. Subsequently, and now with the implemented changes, i.e., the SmartGuard system in operation, the measuring methods used in the existing prior characterization phase were also employed. There were used several methods to calculate the delay, referring to the methodologies of each of them. The appropriate conclusions about them were then taken, such as which are the most suitable for the study area and the number of resources human resources required for the implementation of each method. After the application of the different methods that allowed the determination of the service level in each traffic light group for each of the studied intersections, it was concluded that in some lanes the evel of service become worse, while in other cases there is an improvement between before and after the changes. This situation is due to the fact that the change of cycles of the traffic signal groups increase the queues and produce traffic congestion, in some lanes, instead of traffic flow improvement (our main goal).
Description
Keywords
Corrente de tráfego Procura Débito de saturação Atraso Nível de serviço Current traffic Demand Debit saturation Delay Service Level