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Evolução e diferenças cinemáticas dos movimentos globais em bebés termo precoce e com idade gestacional superior a 40 semanas: Um estudo longitudinal e comparativo
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O desenvolvimento motor nos primeiros meses de vida é caracterizado por uma crescente complexidade e organização dos movimentos espontâneos, reflexo da maturação neurológica. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar, de forma longitudinal e comparativa, as variáveis cinemáticas dos movimentos globais de bebés de “termo precoce” (IG 37–38s) e de bebés com idade gestacional superior a 40 semanas, entre as 4–6 e as 13–16 semanas de idade pós-termo. Para tal, foi utilizada a análise tridimensional do movimento, recorrendo ao Sistema de Aquisição de Imagem Qualisys Track Manager. A amostra foi constituída por 10 bebés com desenvolvimento típico, divididos em dois grupos, “termo precoce” e “IG superior a 40 semanas”. Foram analisadas variáveis como a distância total percorrida e velocidade média de deslocamento dos membros superiores, inferiores, tronco e cabeça, distância mínima entre mãos e entre pés e distância máxima ao solo dos membros superiores e inferiores. Embora não se tenham verificado diferenças estatisticamente significativas nem na análise longitudinal nem inter-grupos, observou-se uma tendência para aumento da distância percorrida e da velocidade ao longo do tempo, sobretudo no grupo “IG superior a 40 semanas”. Estes achados, sustentados pela literatura sobre desenvolvimento motor, apontam para um padrão de movimento mais maduro no grupo “IG superior a 40 semanas”.
Motor development in the first months of life is characterized by increasing complexity and organization of spontaneous movements, reflecting neurological maturation. This study aimed to longitudinally and comparatively analyze the kinematic variables of global movements in early term infants (GA 37–38 weeks) and infants with a gestational age greater than 40 weeks, between 4–6 and 13–16 weeks post-term. To this end, three-dimensional movement analysis was used, using the Qualisys Track Manager Image Acquisition System. The sample consisted of 10 typically developing infants, divided into two groups: “early term” and “GA over 40 weeks”. Variables analyzed included total distance traveled and average displacement velocity of the upper and lower limbs, trunk and head, minimum distance between hands and between feet, and maximum distance to the ground of the upper and lower limbs. Although no statistically significant differences were found in either the longitudinal or intergroup analyses, a trend towards increased distance traveled and velocity over time was observed, particularly in the “GA over 40 weeks” group. These findings, supported by the literature on motor development, point to a more mature movement pattern in the “GA greater than 40 weeks” group.
Motor development in the first months of life is characterized by increasing complexity and organization of spontaneous movements, reflecting neurological maturation. This study aimed to longitudinally and comparatively analyze the kinematic variables of global movements in early term infants (GA 37–38 weeks) and infants with a gestational age greater than 40 weeks, between 4–6 and 13–16 weeks post-term. To this end, three-dimensional movement analysis was used, using the Qualisys Track Manager Image Acquisition System. The sample consisted of 10 typically developing infants, divided into two groups: “early term” and “GA over 40 weeks”. Variables analyzed included total distance traveled and average displacement velocity of the upper and lower limbs, trunk and head, minimum distance between hands and between feet, and maximum distance to the ground of the upper and lower limbs. Although no statistically significant differences were found in either the longitudinal or intergroup analyses, a trend towards increased distance traveled and velocity over time was observed, particularly in the “GA over 40 weeks” group. These findings, supported by the literature on motor development, point to a more mature movement pattern in the “GA greater than 40 weeks” group.
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Análise cinemática Desenvolvimento motor Avaliação biomecânica Comportamento motor Análise longitudinal