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Abstract(s)
A Construção Civil é um setor ainda com fortes deficiências relativamente ao planeamento e controlo, resultando frequentemente em atrasos e custos adicionais. Em virtude da crescente competitividade entre empresas e das normativas legais que visam regular os prazos de execução e estabelecer coimas de não cumprimento, o planeamento tem cada vez mais peso. No panorama atual da construção, segundo uma visão moderna de gestão, é comum os investidores, conscientes da defetibilidade dos tradicionais sistemas de gestão de empreendimentos, entregarem o planeamento e controlo da empreitada a empresas especializadas nessa matéria.
A definição com exatidão de todos os parâmetros do processo a controlar - quantidades a executar, recursos e seus intervenientes, ganha especial relevo, permitindo maior precisão no controlo do custo, do prazo e dos requisitos de projeto. Ao longo dos últimos anos, as empresas cingiram-se apenas a metodologias mais conceptualizadas como o Diagrama de Gantt. Com a crescente expansão do conceito BIM – Building Information Modeling e a parametrização de todos os elementos tem levado a exploração
de técnicas mais rigorosas, que requerem maior quantidade de informação. No entanto, em Portugal, tais metodologias são pouco utilizadas, em virtude do seu desconhecimento e da sua dificuldade de implementação, essencialmente por envolver custos operacionais elevados.
Nesse sentido, o presente documento visa o estudo da metodologia Linha de Balanço (Line of Balance).
Esta metodologia tem a particularidade de permitir, graficamente, distribuir espacial e temporalmente as atividades a executar, evidenciando potenciais erros de planeamento.
Dada a reduzida oferta de Software utilizando o referido conceito e o custo elevado das soluções disponíveis, desenvolveu-se, no âmbito do presente trabalho, um modelo informático com recurso ao MS Excel que permita avaliar a sua aplicação e limitações, e validar a sua utilidade como método de planeamento. Para o efeito, serão considerados dois casos de estudo.
Pretende-se assim, abrir espaço nas empresas portuguesas para uma visão alternativa do planeamento e eventualmente deixar um contributo benéfico para o setor.
The Construction is still a sector with strong deficiencies regarding planning and control, often resulting in delays and additional costs. Due the increasing competition between companies and legal norms aiming at regulating the execution deadlines and establishing delay penalties for non-compliance, an accuracy planning is increasingly important. In the current construction scenario, according to a modern management vision, it is common for investors, aware of the weakness of traditional enterprise management systems, to hand over the planning and control of the undertaking to specialized companies. The exact definition of all the parameters of the process to be monitored - quantities to be executed, resources and their stakeholders, gains special importance, allowing greater precision in controlling the cost, time and project requirements. Over the past few years, companies have only narrowed down to more conceptualized methodologies such as the Gantt Diagram. With the increasing expansion of the BIM - Building Information Modeling concept and the parameterization of all elements has led to the exploration of more accurate techniques, which require more information. However, in Portugal, such methodologies are less used, due to their lack of knowledge and their implementation difficulties, fundamentally because of the high operational costs. In this sense, this document aims at the study of the Line of Balance methodology. This methodology has the peculiarity of allowing, graphically, to distribute, space and temporally, the activities, evidencing potential planning errors. Due to the reduced choice of Software using this concept and the high cost, in the scope of the present work, a computer model was created using MS Excel to evaluate is application and limitations, and to validate its accuracy as method of planning. For this purpose, two study cases will be considered. The intention is to open space in Portuguese companies for an alternative vision of planning and eventually to make a beneficial contribution to the sector.
The Construction is still a sector with strong deficiencies regarding planning and control, often resulting in delays and additional costs. Due the increasing competition between companies and legal norms aiming at regulating the execution deadlines and establishing delay penalties for non-compliance, an accuracy planning is increasingly important. In the current construction scenario, according to a modern management vision, it is common for investors, aware of the weakness of traditional enterprise management systems, to hand over the planning and control of the undertaking to specialized companies. The exact definition of all the parameters of the process to be monitored - quantities to be executed, resources and their stakeholders, gains special importance, allowing greater precision in controlling the cost, time and project requirements. Over the past few years, companies have only narrowed down to more conceptualized methodologies such as the Gantt Diagram. With the increasing expansion of the BIM - Building Information Modeling concept and the parameterization of all elements has led to the exploration of more accurate techniques, which require more information. However, in Portugal, such methodologies are less used, due to their lack of knowledge and their implementation difficulties, fundamentally because of the high operational costs. In this sense, this document aims at the study of the Line of Balance methodology. This methodology has the peculiarity of allowing, graphically, to distribute, space and temporally, the activities, evidencing potential planning errors. Due to the reduced choice of Software using this concept and the high cost, in the scope of the present work, a computer model was created using MS Excel to evaluate is application and limitations, and to validate its accuracy as method of planning. For this purpose, two study cases will be considered. The intention is to open space in Portuguese companies for an alternative vision of planning and eventually to make a beneficial contribution to the sector.
Description
Keywords
Linha de Balanço Building Information Modeling Line of Balance Planeamento Controlo Construção Line of Balance Building Information Modeling Planning Control Construction