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Medidas ultrassonográficas da espessura muscular e força isocinética e isométrica dos rotadores do ombro em atletas de voleibol com e sem atrofia do músculo infraespinhoso: estudo observacional analítico transversal
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O ombro é uma das regiões mais afetadas por lesões no voleibol, frequentemente associadas a desequilíbrios musculares dos rotadores glenoumerais. A atrofia visual do infraespinhoso (IE), ao comprometer a sua função contrátil e estabilizadora, pode afetar a funcionalidade do ombro e a performance desportiva. Comparar a espessura muscular (IE, supraespinhoso e redondo menor) e a força dos rotadores do ombro em atletas com e sem atrofia visual do IE. Estudo observacional transversal com 29 atletas de voleibol, divididos em grupo com atrofia (AVI; n=10) e sem atrofia (SAVI; n=19). Avaliaram-se as espessuras musculares por ultrassonografia e a força isocinética concêntrica (60°/s; 120°/s) e isométrica (0°, 15° e 30° de rotação externa). Resultados: Não se observaram diferenças nas espessuras musculares nem no pico de torque. Contudo, o grupo AVI apresentou maiores défices de trabalho no membro dominante (rotação interna a 60°/s, p=0,021; rotação externa a 120°/s, p=0,044), rácios agonista/antagonista inferiores no não dominante (120°/s, p=0,012) e tempos de desaceleração superiores em rotação interna no membro não dominante (120°/s, p=0,025; isométrica a 15°, p=0,014) e no membro dominante (isométrica a 30°, p=0,022). A atrofia do IE associa-se a alterações funcionais, sem correspondência morfológica. Estes achados reforçam a importância de integrar avaliação imagiológica e isocinética na monitorização e prevenção de lesões no voleibol.
The shoulder is one of the most affected regions by injuries in volleyball, frequently associated with muscular imbalances of the glenohumeral rotators. Visual infraspinatus (IS) atrophy, by compromising its contractile and stabilizing function, may affect shoulder functionality and sports performance. To compare muscle thickness (IS, supraspinatus, and teres minor) and shoulder rotator strength in athletes with and without visual IS atrophy. Cross-sectional observational study with 29 volleyball athletes, divided into a group with atrophy (AVI; n=10) and a group without atrophy (SAVI; n=19). Muscle thickness was assessed by ultrasound and strength by concentric isokinetic testing (60°/s; 120°/s) and isometric testing (0°, 15°, and 30° of external rotation). Results: No differences were observed in muscle thickness or peak torque. However, the AVI group showed greater work deficits in the dominant limb (internal rotation at 60°/s, p=0.021; external rotation at 120°/s, p=0.044), lower agonist/antagonist ratios in the non-dominant limb (120°/s, p=0.012), and longer deceleration times in internal rotation in the non-dominant limb (120°/s, p=0.025; isometric at 15°, p=0.014) and in the dominant limb (isometric at 30°, p=0.022). IS atrophy is associated with functional alterations, without corresponding morphological changes. These findings reinforce the importance of integrating imaging and isokinetic evaluation in the monitoring and prevention of volleyball-related injuries.
The shoulder is one of the most affected regions by injuries in volleyball, frequently associated with muscular imbalances of the glenohumeral rotators. Visual infraspinatus (IS) atrophy, by compromising its contractile and stabilizing function, may affect shoulder functionality and sports performance. To compare muscle thickness (IS, supraspinatus, and teres minor) and shoulder rotator strength in athletes with and without visual IS atrophy. Cross-sectional observational study with 29 volleyball athletes, divided into a group with atrophy (AVI; n=10) and a group without atrophy (SAVI; n=19). Muscle thickness was assessed by ultrasound and strength by concentric isokinetic testing (60°/s; 120°/s) and isometric testing (0°, 15°, and 30° of external rotation). Results: No differences were observed in muscle thickness or peak torque. However, the AVI group showed greater work deficits in the dominant limb (internal rotation at 60°/s, p=0.021; external rotation at 120°/s, p=0.044), lower agonist/antagonist ratios in the non-dominant limb (120°/s, p=0.012), and longer deceleration times in internal rotation in the non-dominant limb (120°/s, p=0.025; isometric at 15°, p=0.014) and in the dominant limb (isometric at 30°, p=0.022). IS atrophy is associated with functional alterations, without corresponding morphological changes. These findings reinforce the importance of integrating imaging and isokinetic evaluation in the monitoring and prevention of volleyball-related injuries.
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Voleibo Rotadores do ombro Atrofia do infraespinhoso Ultrassonografia musculoesquelética Força isocinética