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Abstract(s)
A ausência de um entendimento científico a nível mundial, no que diz respeito ao conceito de Smart City, e a todos os componentes que uma cidade desta tipologia deve apresentar abre caminho à exploração empresarial da temática com um intuito voltado, na grande maioria, para a criação de lucros e abertura de novos nichos de mercado no campo das tecnologias. Assim, perde-se, em parte, o contributo social, urbano, ambiental e sustentável que as Smart Cities prometiam trazer para as cidades. Sendo o conceito de cidades, o espaço geográfico e social caracterizado por uma forte concentração populacional, serviços e infraestruturas que origina uma rede orgânica de troca de serviços, tais como, administrativos, comerciais, profissionais, educacionais e culturais. O rápido crescimento das maiores áreas urbanas criou, ao longo do tempo, alguns défices, tais como, dificuldade de gestão de recursos, problemas de sustentabilidade, ambientais, por exemplo, pelo tráfego rodoviário que normalmente é característica das grandes cidades e do consequente aumento dos níveis de poluição, sociais através de défices no acesso a serviços urbanos por problemas associados à marginalização, desigualdade social e de género, pobreza extrema, violência e drogas, entre outros. Desta forma, as cidades inteligentes surgem com a premissa de resolver alguns, ou até mesmo todos, os problemas causados pelo aumento populacional nas grandes cidades. Estas representam uma nova forma de “pensar” a cidade através da introdução de novas tecnologias. O presente trabalho pretende abordar a temática das cidades inteligentes, sendo que será abordada a história do conceito das Smart Cities, as várias definições para o mesmo conceito, as incongruências do nome que lhes foi atribuído, modelos criados por várias empresas ao longo dos tempos, as normativas que regulam e legislam o conceito, nomeadamente, a normativa mundial ISO 37120:2014, e o ponto de situação das cidades Portuguesas face a esta temática.
The absence of a worldwide scientific understanding with regard to the concept of Smart City and to every component that put together a city with this type of status has opened the track to some companies and the business exploration of this theme. The problem of this type of explorations was caused because the intent of the companies was to build new ways of attract some profits in the technological market. Thus, the concept of Smart City lost, in a certain way, the huge contribution of the social, environmental, urban and sustainable aspects that Smart Cities could have brought to a city in development. The concept of city is the geographic and social space that is distinguished by a strong concentration of population, services and infrastructures that can create an organic grid of services exchange as administrative, commercial, professional, educational and cultural services. Through times, the fast growth of the larger urban areas has created some types of problems as difficulty to manage resources, sustainable and environmental problems caused by the urban road traffic that usually features big cities and creates some pollution troubles, social problems caused by difficulties to access some city services, marginalization, social and gender inequality, extreme poverty, violence, drugs, among others. The Smart Cities were born with premise of solving some troubles that were caused by the population growth in urban areas. This concept was presented as a new way of think a city through the introduction of new and innovative technologies. This document intends to approach this theme: Smart Cities. Thus, it will broach the history of the concept of Smart Cities, the several definitions to this concept, the models created through times, the standards, the ISO 37120:2014 international standard and the state point of the Portuguese cities on this theme.
The absence of a worldwide scientific understanding with regard to the concept of Smart City and to every component that put together a city with this type of status has opened the track to some companies and the business exploration of this theme. The problem of this type of explorations was caused because the intent of the companies was to build new ways of attract some profits in the technological market. Thus, the concept of Smart City lost, in a certain way, the huge contribution of the social, environmental, urban and sustainable aspects that Smart Cities could have brought to a city in development. The concept of city is the geographic and social space that is distinguished by a strong concentration of population, services and infrastructures that can create an organic grid of services exchange as administrative, commercial, professional, educational and cultural services. Through times, the fast growth of the larger urban areas has created some types of problems as difficulty to manage resources, sustainable and environmental problems caused by the urban road traffic that usually features big cities and creates some pollution troubles, social problems caused by difficulties to access some city services, marginalization, social and gender inequality, extreme poverty, violence, drugs, among others. The Smart Cities were born with premise of solving some troubles that were caused by the population growth in urban areas. This concept was presented as a new way of think a city through the introduction of new and innovative technologies. This document intends to approach this theme: Smart Cities. Thus, it will broach the history of the concept of Smart Cities, the several definitions to this concept, the models created through times, the standards, the ISO 37120:2014 international standard and the state point of the Portuguese cities on this theme.
Description
Keywords
Cidades Cidades inteligentes Planeamento urbano Urbanização Sustentabilidade Ambiente Inovação Tecnologia Cities Smart Cities Urban Planning Urbanization Sustainability Environment Innovation Technology