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A presente dissertação tem como ponto focal a avaliação e sugestão de melhoria, numa
unidade de fabricação de artefactos plásticos, dos processos de evacuação de emergência, com
a utilização de ferramentas de simulação e do conceito de gémeos digitais no âmbito da
Indústria 4.0. O objetivo principal consistiu em analisar o comportamento do fluxo dos
ocupantes e identificar estrangulamentos na estrutura da edificação e na infraestrutura fabril
sob cenários de evacuação de emergência. Metodologicamente, efetuou-se o levantamento e
o mapeamento das instalações, cujos dados serviram de base para a modelação computacional
e parametrização de cenários dinâmicos. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram o impacto crítico
dos desníveis, dos lanços de escada e da configuração do mezanino nos tempos totais de
desocupação e nas distâncias percorridas pelos ocupantes. A discussão dos dados permitiu
validar a eficácia dos modelos virtuais enquanto instrumentos preditivos de apoio à tomada de
decisão operacional. Conclui-se que a metodologia adotada fornece uma abordagem robusta
para mapear pontos de estrangulamento, rotas alternativas e mitigar riscos de forma a garantir
uma resposta segura na salvaguarda de vidas humanas em ambientes de elevada complexidade
fabril, contribuindo para a formação e treino de equipas de segurança contra incêndio e de
evacuação.
This dissertation focuses on the evaluation and improvement of emergency evacuation processes within a plastic manufacturing facility, using simulation tools and the digital twin concept within the scope of Industry 4.0. The primary objective was to analyze occupant flow behavior and identify bottlenecks within both the building structure and the factory infrastructure under emergency evacuation scenarios. Methodologically, an assessment and mapping of the installations were conducted, providing the baseline data for computational modeling and the parameterization of dynamic scenarios. The obtained results highlighted the critical impact of floor elevation changes, stair flights, and mezzanine configuration on total egress times and distances covered by occupants. The data discussion validated the effectiveness of virtual models as predictive instruments to support operational decisionmaking. In conclusion, the adopted methodology provides a robust approach to map bottlenecks, outline alternative routes, and mitigate risks ensuring a safe response for safeguarding human lives in highly complex manufacturing environments, thereby contributing to the training and education of fire safety and evacuation teams.
This dissertation focuses on the evaluation and improvement of emergency evacuation processes within a plastic manufacturing facility, using simulation tools and the digital twin concept within the scope of Industry 4.0. The primary objective was to analyze occupant flow behavior and identify bottlenecks within both the building structure and the factory infrastructure under emergency evacuation scenarios. Methodologically, an assessment and mapping of the installations were conducted, providing the baseline data for computational modeling and the parameterization of dynamic scenarios. The obtained results highlighted the critical impact of floor elevation changes, stair flights, and mezzanine configuration on total egress times and distances covered by occupants. The data discussion validated the effectiveness of virtual models as predictive instruments to support operational decisionmaking. In conclusion, the adopted methodology provides a robust approach to map bottlenecks, outline alternative routes, and mitigate risks ensuring a safe response for safeguarding human lives in highly complex manufacturing environments, thereby contributing to the training and education of fire safety and evacuation teams.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Emergency Evacuation Computational modeling Digital twin Industry 4 0 Fire safety Evacuação de emergência Modelação computacional Gémeos digitais Indústria 4.0 Segurança contra incêndios
