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Abstract(s)
O turismo, no geral, tem um forte impacto podendo resultar em grande quantidade de benefícios para as comunidades locais e, portanto, poder constituir-se como fator de desenvolvimento. Segundo Ceballos-Lascuráin (1996), conhecer e compreender os impactos ambientais que o turismo cultural e o turismo natureza poderão ter sobre os recursos existentes, são pré-requisitos fundamentais para definir a capacidade de carga turística de um local. Assim, conhecer os limites do local para o desenvolvimento do turismo, permite antecipar os níveis de saturação dos locais turísticos e aplicar estratégias de gestão adequadas (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). Uma ferramenta essencial para ajudar a maximizar os benefícios para as comunidades locais e, em simultâneo, minimizar os impactos negativos do turismo sobre o ambiente e o património cultural é o Código Mundial de ética do Turismo (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). Portanto, há que ter em conta a capacidade de carga turística de um local. Segundo a OMT (Organização Mundial de Turismo) a capacidade de carga turística define-se como “o número máximo de pessoas que uma determinada área pode suportar, sem que haja alteração no meio físico, sem reduzir a satisfação dos visitantes e sem que se produza efeitos adversos sobre a comunidade recetora, a economia ou cultura local” (Oliveira, 2013). Por isso é necessário que exista o compromisso de utilização dos recursos disponíveis de forma regrada, equilibrada e cuidada para que não se verifique a degradação do Património Cultural.
Tourism, in general, has a strong impact and can result in a large amount of benefits for the local communities and, therefore, can create as a development factor. According to Ceballos-Lascuráin (1996), knowing and comprehending environmental impacts that both cultural tourism and nature tourism may have upon the existent resources, are fundamental prerequisites to define the tourism’s carrying capacity of a place. Thereby, knowing the limits of the area to the tourism development allows to prevent the saturation levels of touristic spots and apply proper management strategy (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). A fundamental tool to help maximize the benefits to local communities and, at the same time, minimize the negative impacts of tourism on the environment and the cultural heritage it’s Global Code of Ethics of Tourism (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). Therefore, must be taken into consideration the tourism’s carrying capacity of a place. According to UNWTO (World Tourism Organization) the tourism’s carrying capacity is defined as “the maximum number of people that may visit a tourist destination at the same time, without causing destruction of the physical, economic and sociocultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors’ satisfaction” (Oliveira, 2013). For that very reason is necessary that there is a commitment to the utilization of available resources in a balanced, ruled and careful form so that there is no decay of the Cultural Heritage.
Tourism, in general, has a strong impact and can result in a large amount of benefits for the local communities and, therefore, can create as a development factor. According to Ceballos-Lascuráin (1996), knowing and comprehending environmental impacts that both cultural tourism and nature tourism may have upon the existent resources, are fundamental prerequisites to define the tourism’s carrying capacity of a place. Thereby, knowing the limits of the area to the tourism development allows to prevent the saturation levels of touristic spots and apply proper management strategy (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). A fundamental tool to help maximize the benefits to local communities and, at the same time, minimize the negative impacts of tourism on the environment and the cultural heritage it’s Global Code of Ethics of Tourism (UNWTO & UNEP, 2005). Therefore, must be taken into consideration the tourism’s carrying capacity of a place. According to UNWTO (World Tourism Organization) the tourism’s carrying capacity is defined as “the maximum number of people that may visit a tourist destination at the same time, without causing destruction of the physical, economic and sociocultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors’ satisfaction” (Oliveira, 2013). For that very reason is necessary that there is a commitment to the utilization of available resources in a balanced, ruled and careful form so that there is no decay of the Cultural Heritage.
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Keywords
Património e Turismo Cultural Monumento Capacidade de Carga Sé do Porto Cultural Heritage and Tourism Monument Carrying Capacity Porto Cathedral
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Escola Superior de Educação