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- Higher education access prediction using data-miningPublication . Reis, Luís Paulo; Vieira, João; Lemos, Patrícia; Novais, Rita; Faria, Brígida MónicaThe national panel for higher education is a big social impact event, one which mobilizes thousands of candidates. However, the heterogeneity of the Portuguese university and polytechnic infrastructure and the sheer dimension of the reality in study makes an eventual interpretation of the data obtained from that panel, and the official data only present generic and global information. This work will bring to light information with added value to those responsible on these institutions, in their decision taking processes by extracting data from the education minister site and processing it using data mining techniques.
- Classification model for cardiotocographiesPublication . Pereira, Ana; Salgado, Filipe; Reis, Luís Paulo; Faria, Brígida MónicaCardiotocography is a diagnostic exam performed from the 28th week of pregnancy that registers the fetus cardiac frequency and uterine contractions. From this exam results a cardiotocogram whose reading and observation of the patterns contained in it allow an evaluation of the baby's condition and the fetal vitality in the maternal womb. This work aims the creation of a classification model using Learning Algorithms/Data Mining using the tool Rapid Miner. The subject of study was a Data Set with information registered from a total of 2126 cardiotograms, with 23 attributes, properly classified by 3 specialized obstetricians as to the baby status, in three possible states, namely: N = Normal; S = Suspect; P = Pathologic. All models tested showed an overall accuracy greater than 80%. Therefore the usefulness of creating predictive models for the classification of this type of diagnosis is great.
- A clinical support system based on quality of life estimationPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Gonçalves, Joaquim; Reis, Luis Paulo; Rocha, ÁlvaroQuality of life is a concept influenced by social, economic, psychological, spiritual or medical state factors. More specifically, the perceived quality of an individual's daily life is an assessment of their well-being or lack of it. In this context, information technologies may help on the management of services for healthcare of chronic patients such as estimating the patient quality of life and helping the medical staff to take appropriate measures to increase each patient quality of life. This paper describes a Quality of Life estimation system developed using information technologies and the application of data mining algorithms to access the information of clinical data of patients with cancer from Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck services of an oncology institution. The system was evaluated with a sample composed of 3013 patients. The results achieved show that there are variables that may be significant predictors for the Quality of Life of the patient: years of smoking (p value 0.049) and size of the tumor (p value < 0.001). In order to assign the variables to the classification of the quality of life the best accuracy was obtained by applying the John Platt's sequential minimal optimization algorithm for training a support vector classifier. In conclusion data mining techniques allow having access to patients additional information helping the physicians to be able to know the quality of life and produce a well-informed clinical decision.
- A data mining approach to predict falls in humanoid robot locomotionPublication . André, João; Faria, Brigida Monica; Santos, Cristina; Reis, Luís PauloThe inclusion of perceptual information in the operation of a dynamic robot (interacting with its environment) can provide valuable insight about its environment and increase robustness of its behaviour. In this regard, the concept of Associative Skill Memories (ASMs) has provided a great contributions regarding an effective and practical use of sensor data, under a simple and intuitive framework [2, 13]. Inspired by [2], this paper presents a data mining solution to the fall prediction problem in humanoid biped robotic locomotion. Sensor data from a large number of simulations was recorded and four data mining algorithms were applied with the aim of creating a classifier that properly identifies failure conditions. Using Support Vector Machines, on top of sensor data from a large number of simulation trials, it was possible to build an accurate and reliable offline fall predictor, achieving accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values up to 95.6%, 96.3% and 94.5%, respectively.
- Data Mining and decision support systems for clinical application and quality of lifePublication . Ferreira, Mário; Reis, Luís Paulo; Faria, Brígida Mónica; Goncalves, Joaquim; Rocha, ÁlvaroThe development of new technologies, information systems, decision support systems and clinical parameters prediction algorithms using machine learning and data mining, opens a new outlook in many areas of health. In this context, the concept of Quality of Life (QOL) has relevance in health and the possibility of integrate this measure in developing systems Decision Support Clinic (SADC). Through individual expectation of physical well-being, psychological, mental, emotional and spiritual patient, clinical variables and quality of life assessment, we intend to make a study of data to establish correlations with clinical data and pharmaceutical data, socio-economic factors, among others, for obtaining knowledge in terms of behavioral patterns of chronically ill, reaching a number of reliable data and easily accessible, capable of enhancing the decision-making process on the part of specialist medical teams, seeking to improve treatments and consequently the quality of life related to health chronically ill. This paper studied and compared related studies that develop systems for decision support and prediction in the clinical area, with emphasis on studies in the area of quality of life.
- Data mining in adversarial search — players movement prediction in connect 4 gamesPublication . Ribeiro, Ana Carolina; Rios, Luis Miguel; Gomes, Ricardo Meneses; Faria, Brigida Monica; Reis, Luis PauloKnowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is a major innovation in knowledge extraction. This knowledge can be extracted to recognize patterns or behaviors. Board games playing patterns are a concise experiment on testing data mining methods in order to find such patterns and behaviors. In this work a Connect-4 game is simulated with several distinct players with different characteristics. Most of these distinct players have intelligent game playing abilities, whereas others are simpler and play by very simple rules. The work uses three different data-mining algorithms in order to classify the players and their moves. Analyzing the results achieved we can conclude that General Linear Model leads to better results in terms of accuracy, class precision and class recall.
- Data Mining in HIV-AIDS Surveillance SystemPublication . Oliveira, Alexandra; Faria, Brigida Monica; Gaio, Rita; Reis, Luis PauloThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infectious agent that attacks the immune system cells. Without a strong immune system, the body becomes very susceptible to serious life threatening opportunistic diseases. In spite of the great progresses on medication and prevention over the last years, HIV infection continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 36 million lives over the last 35 years since the recognition of the disease. Monitoring, through registries, of HIV-AIDS cases is vital to assess general health care needs and to support long-term health-policy control planning. Surveillance systems are therefore established in almost all developed countries. Typically, this is a complex system depending on several stakeholders, such as health care providers, the general population and laboratories, which challenges an efficient and effective reporting of diagnosed cases. One issue that often arises is the administrative delay in reports of diagnosed cases. This paper aims to identify the main factors influencing reporting delays of HIV-AIDS cases within the portuguese surveillance system. The used methodologies included multilayer artificial neural networks (MLP), naive bayesian classifiers (NB), support vector machines (SVM) and the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN). The highest classification accuracy, precision and recall were obtained for MLP and the results suggested homogeneous administrative and clinical practices within the reporting process. Guidelines for reductions of the delays should therefore be developed nationwise and transversally to all stakeholders.