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- A methodology for creating an adapted command language for driving an intelligent wheelchairPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Reis, Luís Paulo; Lau, NunoIntelligent wheelchairs (IW) are technologies that can increase the autonomy and independence of elderly people and patients suffering from some kind of disability. Nowadays the intelligent wheelchairs and the human-machine studies are very active research areas. This paper presents a methodology and a Data Analysis System (DAS) that provides an adapted command language to an user of the IW. This command language is a set of input sequences that can be created using inputs from an input device or a combination of the inputs available in a multimodal interface. The results show that there are statistical evidences to affirm that the mean of the evaluation of the DAS generated command language is higher than the mean of the evaluation of the command language recommended by the health specialist (p value = 0.002) with a sample of 11 cerebral palsy users. This work demonstrates that it is possible to adapt an intelligent wheelchair interface to the user even when the users present heterogeneous and severe physical constraints.
- A Survey on Intelligent Wheelchair Prototypes and SimulatorsPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Reis, Luís Paulo; Lau, NunoNowadays more than 700 million persons around the world have some kind of disability or handicap. During the last decades the elderly population in most of the European countries and across all the most civilized countries is also growing at an increasing pace. This phenomenon is receiving increasing attention from the scientific community, during the last years, and several solutions are being proposed in order to allow a more independent life to the people belonging to those groups. In this context Intelligent Wheelchairs (IW) are instruments that are a natural development of the scientific work that has been conducted to improve the traditional Wheelchair characteristics using health informatics, assistive robotics and human computer interface technologies. Some of the most important features of the IW are their navigation capabilities and automatic adaptation of their interface to the user. This paper presents the evolution and state of art concerning IWs prototypes and simulators and intelligent human-computer interfaces in the context of this devices. Our study enabled us to conclude that although several Intelligent Wheelchair prototypes are being developed in a large number of research projects, around the world, the adaptation of their user interface to the patient is an often neglected research topic. Thus, projects aiming at developing new concepts of Intelligent Wheelchairs are needed mainly using multimodal interfaces and wheelchair interfaces adapted to the user characteristics.
- Evaluation of distinct input methods of an intelligent wheelchair in simulated and real environments: a performance and usability studyPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Vasconcelos, Sérgio; Reis, Luís Paulo; Lau, NunoThis paper focuses on evaluating the usability of an Intelligent Wheelchair (IW) in both real and simulated environments. The wheelchair is controlled at a high-level by a flexible multimodal interface, using voice commands, facial expressions, head movements and joystick as its main inputs. A Quasi-experimental design was applied including a deterministic sample with a questionnaire that enabled to apply the System Usability Scale. The subjects were divided in two independent samples: 46 individuals performing the experiment with an Intelligent Wheelchair in a simulated environment (28 using different commands in a sequential way and 18 with the liberty to choose the command); 12 individuals performing the experiment with a real IW. The main conclusion achieved by this study is that the usability of the Intelligent Wheelchair in a real environment is higher than in the simulated environment. However there were not statistical evidences to affirm that there are differences between the real and simulated wheelchairs in terms of safety and control. Also, most of users considered the multimodal way of driving the wheelchair very practical and satisfactory. Thus, it may be concluded that the multimodal interfaces enables very easy and safe control of the IW both in simulated and real environments.
- A clinical support system based on quality of life estimationPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Gonçalves, Joaquim; Reis, Luis Paulo; Rocha, ÁlvaroQuality of life is a concept influenced by social, economic, psychological, spiritual or medical state factors. More specifically, the perceived quality of an individual's daily life is an assessment of their well-being or lack of it. In this context, information technologies may help on the management of services for healthcare of chronic patients such as estimating the patient quality of life and helping the medical staff to take appropriate measures to increase each patient quality of life. This paper describes a Quality of Life estimation system developed using information technologies and the application of data mining algorithms to access the information of clinical data of patients with cancer from Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck services of an oncology institution. The system was evaluated with a sample composed of 3013 patients. The results achieved show that there are variables that may be significant predictors for the Quality of Life of the patient: years of smoking (p value 0.049) and size of the tumor (p value < 0.001). In order to assign the variables to the classification of the quality of life the best accuracy was obtained by applying the John Platt's sequential minimal optimization algorithm for training a support vector classifier. In conclusion data mining techniques allow having access to patients additional information helping the physicians to be able to know the quality of life and produce a well-informed clinical decision.
- A data mining approach to predict falls in humanoid robot locomotionPublication . André, João; Faria, Brigida Monica; Santos, Cristina; Reis, Luís PauloThe inclusion of perceptual information in the operation of a dynamic robot (interacting with its environment) can provide valuable insight about its environment and increase robustness of its behaviour. In this regard, the concept of Associative Skill Memories (ASMs) has provided a great contributions regarding an effective and practical use of sensor data, under a simple and intuitive framework [2, 13]. Inspired by [2], this paper presents a data mining solution to the fall prediction problem in humanoid biped robotic locomotion. Sensor data from a large number of simulations was recorded and four data mining algorithms were applied with the aim of creating a classifier that properly identifies failure conditions. Using Support Vector Machines, on top of sensor data from a large number of simulation trials, it was possible to build an accurate and reliable offline fall predictor, achieving accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values up to 95.6%, 96.3% and 94.5%, respectively.
- Sistema de apoio à decisão clínica baseado em qualidade de vidaPublication . Ferreira, Mário; Reis, Luís Paulo; Faria, Brígida Mónica; Gonçalves, Joaquim; Rocha, Álvaro; Faria, Brigida Monicacrescente relevância do conceito de Qualidade de Vida (QDV) no âmbito da saúde, e a necessidade de aproveitar os benefícios da inovação das tecnologias e sistemas de informação, são a sustentação para o desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Apoio à Decisão Clínica (SADC), que este estudo pretende apoiar. Através da expetativa individual, de bem-estar físico, psicológico, mental, emocional e espiritual dos pacientes, variáveis discutidas e medidas na área de investigação de Qualidade de vida, pretende-se fazer um estu do dos dados para estabelecer correlações com dados laboratoriais, farmacêuticos, socioeconómicos, entre outros, obtendo conhecimento a nível de padrões comportamentais de doentes crónicos, alcançando uma série de dados confiáveis e de fácil acesso, capazes de potenciar o processo de tomada de decisão por parte das equipas médicas especializadas, na procura de melhorar os tratamentos e consequentemente a qualidade de vida relacionado com a Saúde de doentes crónicos.
- Megadados= Mega desafios?Publication . Faria, Brígida Mónica; Sá, Patrícia; Faria, Brigida MonicaIntrodução aos megadados (Big Data) em educação • Conceito • Megadados no contexto educativo • Influência na investigação em educação • Metodologias de investigação • Potencialidades e constrangimentos • Formação de novos investigadores em educação • Propriedade e acesso aos megadados • Proteção dos Dados • Europa e a Inteligência Artificial • Conceito FAIR • Conclusões e Direções Futuras
- Towards a methodology for human behaviour elicitation: preliminary resultsPublication . Almeida, João Emílio; Rossetti, Rosaldo J. F.; Faria, Brigida Monica; Jacob, João Tiago; Coelho, António LeçaHuman behaviour knowledge is an important requirement for implementing realistic evacuation models. Although much work has been done in this field of research there are no universally accepted quantitative methods. In this paper we present a novel methodology for human behaviour elicitation that was coined SPEED (Simulation of Pedestrian and Elicitation of their Emergent Dynamics). An experimental setup to test the concept was envisaged and validated by a group of experts using the Delphi method. A test bed was designed using the Serious Games concept and 22 subjects were selected for a pilot test. Preliminary results are promising, showing that this methodology might be used for the elicitation of human behaviour of subjects when facing an emergency. Moreover, the data acquired is of great importance for the fire safety experts designing new buildings or planning strategies to improve emergency paths. Another possible outcome is to create an artificial population based on human behaviour to populate emergency evacuation simulators.
- Sistema inteligente para auxílio na seleção e execução de tarefas num jogo socialPublication . Reis, Luís Paulo; Neves, Romina; Abreu, Pedro; Faria, Brígida Mónica; Faria, Brigida MonicaNowadays social networks are used for various recreational purposes. It is believed that every day a user spend, on average, two hours playing this type of networkgames. Farmville is a social game available at one of the most successful social networks: Facebook.Farmville game allows each user to use a diverse set of actions in order to manage a virtual farm. However, this management quickly becomes a boring and time consuming process and often the user quitsplaying this game. In this context this project main objective was related with the development of an intelligent system able to effectively assist the player when playing Farmville. The system will help the user in most of his management tasks on the farm such as seeding and harvesting, receiving and sending gifts and managing the farm animals. The use of the implemented system ensures greater progress in the game, because there is a decrease in the time spent in performing the tasks enabling the user to focus on the strategies for advancingin the game.
- Data visualization for analyzing simulated robotic soccer gamesPublication . Faria, Brigida Monica; Santos, Beatriz Sousa; Lau, Nuno; Reis, Luis PauloRoboCup is an international cooperative research project aimed at promoting research in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. It includes a simulation league where two teams of 11 players compete in a robotic soccer game very similar to real soccer. Teams exhibit very complex strategies in these games that are very difficult to analyze by conventional observation methods. This paper presents an approach to the visualization of simulated robotic soccer games using the RapidMiner software package. Various visualizations were developed using Andrew´s Curves, Survey Plots, several types of Parallel Coordinate visualizations and Radial Coordinate Visualizations. These visualizations enabled to take some interesting conclusions about the differences between games of FC Portugal robotic soccer team using different formations and against distinct opponents.
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