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- Data Science for Industry 4.0 and Sustainability: A Survey and Analysis Based on Open DataPublication . Castro, Helio; Costa, Filipe; Ferreira, Tânia; Ávila, Paulo; Cruz-Cunha, Manuela; Ferreira, Luís; Putnik, Goran D.; Bastos, JoãoIn the last few years, the industrial, scientific, and technological fields have been subject to a revolutionary process of digitalization and automation called Industry 4.0. Its implementation has been successful mainly in the economic field of sustainability, while the environmental field has been gaining more attention from researchers recently. However, the social scope of Industry 4.0 is still somewhat neglected by researchers and organizations. This research aimed to study Industry 4.0 and sustainability themes using data science, by incorporating open data and open-source tools to achieve sustainable Industry 4.0. To that end, a quantitative analysis based on open data was developed using open-source software in order to study Industry 4.0 and sustainability trends. The main results show that manufacturing is a relevant value-added activity in the worldwide economy; that, foreseeing the importance of Industry 4.0, countries in America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania are incorporating technological principles of Industry 4.0 in their cities, creating so-called smart cities; and that the industries that invest most in technology are computers and electronics, pharmaceuticals, transport equipment, and IT (information technology) services. Furthermore, the G7 countries have a prevalent positive trend for the migration of technological and social skills toward sustainability, as it relates to the social pillar, and to Industry 4.0. Finally, on the global scale, a positive correlation between data openness and happiness was found.
- Literature review of decision models for the sustainable implementation of Robotic Process AutomationPublication . Patrício, Leonel; Ávila, Paulo; Varela, Leonilde; Cruz-Cunha, Maria Manuela; Pinto Ferreira, Luís; Bastos, João; Castro, Helio; Silva, JoséRobotic Process Automation (RPA) is a rules-based system for automating business processes by software bots that mimic human interactions to relieve employees from tedious work. It was verified in the literature that there are few works related to RPA decision support models. This technology is in great growth and, therefore, it becomes important to study the evaluation of the implementation of RPA. The objective of this work is focused on a literature review for the identification and analysis of Robotic Process Automation implementation models. This work analyses some models or studies available in the literature and, in addition, analyses it from a perspective relating to the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) related to environmental, social and economic effects. Regarding the results obtained, it appears that there is still a lot of room to improve research in this field, for example, with regard to the development of an evaluation model for the implementation of the RPA, taking into account the TBL of the sustainability concept.
- Design of a Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) process – case studyPublication . Ávila, Paulo; Lima, Daniela; Moreira, Dália; Pires, António; Bastos, JoãoNowadays, companies are facing a constant need to develop and increase coordination between operational functions to respond rapidly and accurately to customer requests. Linked with this need, an increasing number of practitioners are resorting to an established and integrated business management methodology, the Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP). The concept of S&OP has gained increased recognition over the years by several authors and companies. This project describes the S&OP implementation in Sogrape Vinhos (wines) S.A., a Portuguese wine producer and distributer. The company was confronted with low accuracy in the establishing the forecast demand plans, especially on a long-term horizon. In order to increase the demand plans accuracy, the company started a S&OP implementation program. This paper describes the company’s current planning process, explains the S&OP’s implementation model presenting the selected parameters adequate to the company’s context, and finally, evaluate the expected outcomes of this project. Preliminary results from the S&OP implementation project at Sogrape indicate significant savings at the operational level and greater effectiveness in developing the company’s demand plans.
- Analysis of methods for supplier selectionPublication . Mendes, Luís; Ávila, Paulo; Bastos, João; Mota, AlziraThis work seeks to determine the criteria and methods used in the problem of selecting suppliers, thus contributing to the support of entities wishing to start a selection of suppliers more effectively. To achieve these objectives, an analysis was performed of articles that make the literature review of the methods and criteria from the year 1985 to the year 2012. With the data obtained from these reviews, it was possible to verify which are the three main methods used over the years, namely data envelopment analysis (DEA), Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Fuzzy set theory and the main criteria used in the selection of suppliers. In this work, we present an overview of the decision making and the methods used in multi-criteria decision making. It’s tackled the problem of supplier selection, the process of selection and the reviews of literary methods and criteria used in recent years. Finally is presented the contribution to the selection of suppliers of the study conducted during the development of this dissertation, being presented and explained the main methods of selection of suppliers as well as the criteria used.
- Lean practices adoption in the Portuguese industryPublication . Martins, Diogo; Fonseca, Luís; Ávila, Paulo; Bastos, JoãoThe study purpose was to analyse the excellence and operational efficiency of Portuguese industrial companies through the measurement of lean practices implementation. Additionally, it intended to propose a new model to assess the lean production system. The results indicate that a significant percentage of organizations use lean practices within their activity. Concerning the lean implementation maturity, a plus side revealed by the study concerns the adoption of the teamwork, internal information shared principles, increase of process capability to produce conforming products, and reduction in set up times. On the other hand, responsibilities decentralization, more employees acting as team leaders, implementation of employees’ suggestions, and interconnection with suppliers, are some of the principles that need to be given greater attention by the Portuguese industrial organizations. The key contribution consists of a new model for lean determinants based on three dimensions: work method, productive process elements, and work efficiency.
- Analysis and Implementation of a Lean Model in Warehouse ManagementPublication . Gonçalves, José; Bastos, João; Ávila, PauloThis project aimed to analyze the practical difficulties in storing and moving a high range of products making the process easier and more efficient. The objectives were to improve the use of available space in the raw materials warehouse and ensure the effectiveness, efficiency and reduction of the periods between the transportation from raw materials to production lines. The work developed focused on improving internal processes, storage practices and internal transportation. In fact, for the production flow to be continuous, the supply must be aligned with the production to ensure that there is no failure of materials.
- Open Science Laboratory for Manufacturing: an education tool to contribute to sustainabilityPublication . Castro, Helio; Pinto, Nuno; Pereira, Filipe; Ferreira, Luís; Ávila, Paulo; Putnik, Goran; Felgueiras, Carlos; Bastos, João; Cunha, ManuelaThis paper presents a Cyber Physical System (CPS) laboratory based on Open Design, called Open Science Laboratory for Manufacturing (OSLab4Man), with educational and research purpose and the potential contribute and (direct and indirect) effects regarding the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A short introduction describing the 17 SDG, the education for sustainability role, and the relevance of the framed CPS. A literature review of CPS laboratories that are addressed to sustainability is presented. The OSLab4Man is describe in the educational purpose lens. Then, the contribute of the OSLab4Man as an education tool for sustainability regarding the 17 SDGs is reflected. Finally, the conclusions of this work and future works are highlighted.
- Comparative analysis between scheduling tools for cutting sheet metal industryPublication . Sousa, Nelson; Ávila, Paulo; Bastos, JoãoIn order to be competitive, companies need to embrace sustainable policies and practices. Company leaders are taking a new stand on sustainability, recognizing that there is opportunity inherent in the need to provide solutions to the world's environmental and social challenges. This paper addresses a very common objective in Industry: how to radically improve efficiency for core processes and activities, in order to reduce waste and resources consumption, through the use of operational planning tools. The present paper summarizes the research work conducted in a metal cutting sheet manufacturing company. The study involved the analysis of the company production process and the investigation of the working methods in order to evaluate material consumptions, response time and overall plans efficiency.
- Intelligent Logistics Management in Industry 4.0: An Application Based on an Automated Intelligent VehiclePublication . Menezes, César; Castro, Helio; Ávila, Paulo; Bastos, João; Putnik, Goran; Cunha, Maria; Ferreira, LuísCompanies that faces transport challenges and require logistics efficiency need to implement solutions based on automation, provided in Industry 4.0. Intelligent Logistics Management, satisfying the demanding requirements of the customer, using new technologies and advanced tools to control and to act along the supply chain are mandatory. To address this topic, this paper presents an application of an Automated Intelligent Vehicle.
- Lean learning academy: an innovative learning concept in engineering curriculaPublication . Martens, Ignace; Colpaert, Jan; De Boeck, Liesje; Vaz de Carvalho, Carlos; Ávila, Paulo; Lopes, Manuel; Bastos, João; Fonseca, LuísToday, companies are faced with decreasing profit margins due to economic crisis and global competition. At the same time, in many higher educational institutions, students attend rather unattractive courses by sitting and listening to lecturers teaching ex-cathedra. This paper describes how Lean Learning Academy, an innovative training programme on lean manufacturing, can contribute to the competitiveness of companies, to the employability of employees and students, to the motivation of students, and to the attractiveness of engineering curricula. The training programme can be considered as a successful innovative alternative for the traditional way of teaching.