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- Knowledge based community management in the construction industryPublication . Moreira Silva, Manuel; Lucas Soares, António; Simões, Dora; Costa, RuteBuilding and construction companies have to continuously renew their working habits in order to face an increasing competitive environment where flexibility and adaptability to change are the obliged route to success. As Ceton (2000) states, the increasingly widespread use of computers only serves, as it is generally recognized, to highlight the fragmented way that building projects are commenced, designs created and realized, construction carried through to completion, and buildings maintained, renovated, and ultimately demolished. All too often lost information and miscommunication complicate these operations.
- Supporting collaboration in multilingual ontology specification: the conceptME approachPublication . Moreira Silva, Manuel; Soares, António Lucas; Costa, RuteDespite the availability of tools, resources and techniques aimed at the construction of ontological artifacts, developing a shared conceptualization of a given reality still raises questions about the principles and methods that support the initial phases of conceptualization. These questions become more complex when the conceptualization occurs in a multilingual setting. To tackle these issues a collaborative platform – conceptME - was developed where terminological and knowledge representation processes support domain experts throughout a conceptualization framework, allowing the inclusion of multilingual data to promote knowledge sharing and enhance conceptualization.
- Integrating terminological methods in a framework for collaborative development of semi-formal ontologiesPublication . Barros, Sérgio; Costa, Rute; Soares, António Lucas; Moreira Silva, ManuelDespite the availability of tools, resources and techniques aimed at the construction of ontological artifacts, developing a shared conceptualization of a given reality still raises questions about the principles and methods that support the initial phases of conceptualization. To tackle this issue a collaborative platform was developed where terminological and knowledge representation processes support domain experts throughout a conceptualization framework. In this article we describe the integration of a terminological method to support experts in eliciting and organizing concepts of their domain. The method is based on a linguistic analysis of textual resources with the help of a term extraction tool and by highlighting markers of relations between concepts. An application scenario is then presented to illustrate the connection between the terminological processes and the knowledge representation processes without blurring the theoretical distinction between terms and concepts.
- Multilingual ontology specification: a collaborative approachPublication . Silva, Manuel; Costa, Rute; Soares, António Lucas
- Integrating semantic resources to support SME knowledge communitiesPublication . Moreira Silva, Manuel; Lucas Soares, António; Simões, DoraThe development of ontologies to unify and to put into context the different concepts and terms of the sometimes rather traditional and locally coloured construction industry domains is a necessary step to avoid misinterpretations and inefficient communication. The KNOW-CONSTRUCT project, as an approach to this task, decided to re-use, as far as possible, existing ontologies, classification systems and other semantic resources in order to develop a system for the integration, management and reuse of the area specific knowledge via a common knowledge base in order to consolidate and provide access to integrated knowledge, making community emergent knowledge a significant added value.
- Terminology and knowledge engineering conference. New frontiers in the constructive symbiosis of terminology and knowledge engineeringPublication . Costa, Rute; Silva, Manuel; Soares, António LucasTo meet the increasing demands of the complex inter-organizational processes and the demand for continuous innovation and internationalization, it is evident that new forms of organisation are being adopted, fostering more intensive collaboration processes and sharing of resources, in what can be called collaborative networks (Camarinha-Matos, 2006:03). Information and knowledge are crucial resources in collaborative networks, being their management fundamental processes to optimize. Knowledge organisation and collaboration systems are thus important instruments for the success of collaborative networks of organisations having been researched in the last decade in the areas of computer science, information science, management sciences, terminology and linguistics. Nevertheless, research in this area didn’t give much attention to multilingual contexts of collaboration, which pose specific and challenging problems. It is then clear that access to and representation of knowledge will happen more and more on a multilingual setting which implies the overcoming of difficulties inherent to the presence of multiple languages, through the use of processes like localization of ontologies. Although localization, like other processes that involve multilingualism, is a rather well-developed practice and its methodologies and tools fruitfully employed by the language industry in the development and adaptation of multilingual content, it has not yet been sufficiently explored as an element of support to the development of knowledge representations - in particular ontologies - expressed in more than one language. Multilingual knowledge representation is then an open research area calling for cross-contributions from knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences. This workshop joined researchers interested in multilingual knowledge representation, in a multidisciplinary environment to debate the possibilities of cross-fertilization between knowledge engineering, terminology, ontology engineering, cognitive sciences, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and management sciences applied to contexts where multilingualism continuously creates new and demanding challenges to current knowledge representation methods and techniques. In this workshop six papers dealing with different approaches to multilingual knowledge representation are presented, most of them describing tools, approaches and results obtained in the development of ongoing projects. In the first case, Andrés Domínguez Burgos, Koen Kerremansa and Rita Temmerman present a software module that is part of a workbench for terminological and ontological mining, Termontospider, a wiki crawler that aims at optimally traverse Wikipedia in search of domainspecific texts for extracting terminological and ontological information. The crawler is part of a tool suite for automatically developing multilingual termontological databases, i.e. ontologicallyunderpinned multilingual terminological databases. In this paper the authors describe the basic principles behind the crawler and summarized the research setting in which the tool is currently tested. In the second paper, Fumiko Kano presents a work comparing four feature-based similarity measures derived from cognitive sciences. The purpose of the comparative analysis presented by the author is to verify the potentially most effective model that can be applied for mapping independent ontologies in a culturally influenced domain. For that, datasets based on standardized pre-defined feature dimensions and values, which are obtainable from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) have been used for the comparative analysis of the similarity measures. The purpose of the comparison is to verify the similarity measures based on the objectively developed datasets. According to the author the results demonstrate that the Bayesian Model of Generalization provides for the most effective cognitive model for identifying the most similar corresponding concepts existing for a targeted socio-cultural community. In another presentation, Thierry Declerck, Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Dagmar Gromann present an ongoing work and propose an approach to automatic extraction of information from multilingual financial Web resources, to provide candidate terms for building ontology elements or instances of ontology concepts. The authors present a complementary approach to the direct localization/translation of ontology labels, by acquiring terminologies through the access and harvesting of multilingual Web presences of structured information providers in the field of finance, leading to both the detection of candidate terms in various multilingual sources in the financial domain that can be used not only as labels of ontology classes and properties but also for the possible generation of (multilingual) domain ontologies themselves. In the next paper, Manuel Silva, António Lucas Soares and Rute Costa claim that despite the availability of tools, resources and techniques aimed at the construction of ontological artifacts, developing a shared conceptualization of a given reality still raises questions about the principles and methods that support the initial phases of conceptualization. These questions become, according to the authors, more complex when the conceptualization occurs in a multilingual setting. To tackle these issues the authors present a collaborative platform – conceptME - where terminological and knowledge representation processes support domain experts throughout a conceptualization framework, allowing the inclusion of multilingual data as a way to promote knowledge sharing and enhance conceptualization and support a multilingual ontology specification. In another presentation Frieda Steurs and Hendrik J. Kockaert present us TermWise, a large project dealing with legal terminology and phraseology for the Belgian public services, i.e. the translation office of the ministry of justice, a project which aims at developing an advanced tool including expert knowledge in the algorithms that extract specialized language from textual data (legal documents) and whose outcome is a knowledge database including Dutch/French equivalents for legal concepts, enriched with the phraseology related to the terms under discussion. Finally, Deborah Grbac, Luca Losito, Andrea Sada and Paolo Sirito report on the preliminary results of a pilot project currently ongoing at UCSC Central Library, where they propose to adapt to subject librarians, employed in large and multilingual Academic Institutions, the model used by translators working within European Union Institutions. The authors are using User Experience (UX) Analysis in order to provide subject librarians with a visual support, by means of “ontology tables” depicting conceptual linking and connections of words with concepts presented according to their semantic and linguistic meaning. The organizers hope that the selection of papers presented here will be of interest to a broad audience, and will be a starting point for further discussion and cooperation.
- Selecting and structuring semantic resources to support SMEs knowledge communitiesPublication . Soares, António Lucas; Moreira Silva, Manuel; Simões, DoraKnowledge management intrinsically involves communication and information sharing, which can be strongly affected by the context in which it is viewed and interpreted. This situation gets worst when complex domains are considered, as it is the case of the Construction Industry domains. The development of ontologies to unify and to put into context the different concepts and terms of the sometimes rather traditional and locally coloured construction industry domains is a necessary step to avoid misinterpretations and inefficient communication. The KNOW-CONSTRUCT project decided, as an approach to this task, to re-use, as far as possible, existing ontologies, classification systems and other semantic resources in order to develop a system that may come to contribute to standards and to the integration, management and reuse of the area specific knowledge via a common knowledge base in order to consolidate and provide access to integrated knowledge, making community emergent knowledge a significant added value. It aims at developing a methodology of common Construction Industry Knowledge (CIK) representation applicable to large sets of SMEs in the construction industry as a basis for the establishment of a knowledge community.
- Developing enterprise sponsored virtual communities: the case of a sme’s knowledge communityPublication . Soares, António Lucas; Simões, Dora; Moreira Silva, Manuel; Madureira, RicardoThis paper presents a case in the development of a knowledge community support system in the context of an industrial association group in the construction sector. This system is a result of the Know-Construct project which aims at providing association sponsored SME communities of the construction sector with a sophisticated information management platform and community building tools for knowledge sharing. The paper begins by characterizing the so-called construction industry knowledge community. The Know-Construct system concept and the its general architecture are described, focusing on the semantic resources, in particular the ontologies structure. The final part of the paper depicts the approach to the actual introduction of the system in the community. An action-research approach was planned to obtain research results regarding the social acceptance of semantic resources such as the ontologies and technical classifications used in system.
- Supporting the emergence of knowledge communities in industrial association groups in the construction sectorPublication . Lucas Soares, António; Ferreira, Hugo; Moreira Silva, Manuel; Simões, Doraassociation group in the construction sector. This system is a result of the Know-Construct project which aimed at providing association sponsored SME communities of the construction sector with a sophisticated information management platform and community building tools for knowledge sharing and customer support. The paper begins by characterizing the so-called construction industry knowledge community (CIK). The generic architecture of the supporting system (Knowledge Community Support - KCS and Customer Needs Management - CNM) is described, in terms of information and knowledge management, community building facilities and semantic resources management. The Know-Construct project decided to re-use, as far as possible, existing ontologies, classification systems and other semantic resources to develop a system for the integration, management and reuse of the area specific knowledge. Part of the paper describes the approach followed, as well the lessons learned. The final part of the paper depicts the approach to the actual introduction of the system in the community.
- Understanding users’ response to ontology based systems in the context of an enterprise sponsored virtual communityPublication . Pereira, Carla; Moreira Silva, Manuel; Castro Fernandes, Joana; Lucas Soares, AntónioThis paper aims at presenting the preliminary results of a research work that seeks to understand the users' response to semantic based technologies, in the context o/, enterprise sponsored virtual communities. The research follows a qualitative methodolog}' based on an action research approach. It particlllar~v focuses on the socio-cognitive processes that underlie usel:~' learning and acquisition methods when training and interacting with a new knowledge management approach based on semantically enabled technologies in a collaborative, and sometimes virtual. learning/working environment. The outcomes of this research are expected to provide an assessment frameworkfor a deeper level understanding of the cognition process in what concerns the evolution of individual~~ knowledge. opinions. beliefs. and thoughts abuut untology based systems.