ESS - APCT - Comunicações em eventos científicos
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- Biomarkers in whole slide images stained by: Hemtoxylin-Eosin: A groundbreaking application using artificial intelligencePublication . Borrecho, Gonçalo; Curado, Mónica; Vale, João; Vinagre, Tiago; Geraldes, Mariana; Assunção, Teresa; Coelho, Daniel; Ferreira, Inês; Ferreira, Ana; Fernandes, Ana Isabel; França, Amélia; Mendes, Fernando; Martins, DianaBiomarkers play a fundamental role in the diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of diseases. The study of biomarkers requires the performance of complementary diagnostic tests, which entails high costs and inevitably leads to an increase in response time, which could have a severe impact on the patient’s outcome. The digital transformation in Pathology Laboratories, accompanied by the wide implementation of slide digitalization, has been decisive for the development and application of digital intelligence algorithms in a diagnostic context. The aim of this review is to assess artificial intelligence algorithms for evaluating biomarkers that can be applied to whole slide images stained by hemtoxylin-eosin (WSI-HE) and to understand their advantages and limitations. There are several types of algorithms, some established on the identification and quantification of morphological biomarkers, such as nuclear density, celular heterogeneity, the presence of certain cellular structures, tissue organization and other features. The usage of WSI-HE is enormously promising, as it reveals additional information that is not visually observable but can help or even expand to pathologists capabilities. The identification and validation of morphological biomarkers in WSI-HE still presents challenges, such as the need for large data sets annotated using multimodal data (information from diferente sources, such as histopathological images, clinical data, radiologial information, genomic data, among others), the interpretability of deep learning models, the integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice, among others. The application of algorithms in WSI-HE could represente na importante change in patient management, contributing to timely precision medicine.
- Decoding host-environment interactions in progressive pulmonary fibrosis: insights from hypersensitivity pneumonitisPublication . Meneses, Alexandra; Cardoso, Catarina G.; Coelho, David B.; Melo, Natália; Mota, Patrícia C.; Guimarães, Susana; Moura, Conceição S.; Carvalho, André; Sokhatska, Oksana; Beltrão, Marília; Delgado, Luís; Morais, António; Saraiva, Margarida; Bastos, Hélder N.; Santos, Rita F.Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of parenchymal lung disorders characterized by diffuse infiltration of immune effector cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and extracellular matrix deposition at various pulmonary compartments. These conditions can progress to end-stage fibrosis, respiratory failure, and eventually, death. In 2020, we initiated the first national ILD registry and biobank under the FIBRALUNG project, which has enrolled over 950 cases to date, with over 40% of the cases being fibrotic ILDs. The most represented fibrotic ILD groups are Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) (46%), Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) (20%), and unclassifiable ILD (8%). HP is the leading cause of pulmonary fibrosis, nearly doubling the number of IPF cases, which contrasts with numbers from other countries. This underscores the importance of investigating non-IPF progressive pulmonary fibrosis within our setting. Longitudinal patient follow-up and biological sample collection were performed allowing patient stratification according to progression criteria. Our work so far has highlighted a potential role of CCL2-CCR2 axis in fibrotic HP disease progression. Elevated serum CCL2 strongly associated with disease progression and acute exacerbations, with baseline levels above 1080 pg/mL predicting oneyear progression/mortality. To complement these findings, we are conducting blood transcriptome analyses across different HP patient groups to identify progression-specific signatures. Simultaneously, lung microbiome profiling is underway to explore its role in fibrotic progression. These integrative approaches aim to uncover novel biomarkers and mechanistic pathways, paving the way for tailored therapeutic interventions.
- Digital pathology in the immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers in breast cancerPublication . Lopes, J.; Silva, S.; Monteiro, J.; Pinto, I.M.; Silva, ReginaCurrently, the evaluation of biomarkers HER-2 and ER is critical for targeting therapy for breast cancer and is performed by experienced pathologists, which takes time and causes a certain interobserver variability. The use of histological slide scanners coupled with the application of software for immunoexpression quantification can be profitable in pathological laboratories routine. This study aims to compare the quantification of HER-2 and ER immunoexpression employing automatic algorithms, using as standard the evaluation performed by a pathologist.