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- A proteção internacional dos refugiados: violação de direitos humanos e a concessão de proteção subsidiária sob a égide da legislação da união europeiaPublication . Júnior, Otávio Alberto da Silva; Pacheco, Maria de Fátima Castro Tavares MonteiroA presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar criticamente o Sistema Europeu Comum de Asilo (SECA), à luz da evolução histórica do Direito Internacional dos Refugiados e dos desafios contemporâneos enfrentados pela União Europeia no campo da proteção internacional. Com enfoque na proteção subsidiária como mecanismo essencial diante de situações de grave violação dos direitos humanos, a pesquisa examina de que forma a legislação da União Europeia estrutura a concessão dessa modalidade de proteção para além do asilo convencional, especialmente em cenários de conflitos armados, violência indiscriminada e riscos à integridade física dos solicitantes. Partindo da Convenção Relativa ao Estatuto dos Refugiados de 1951 e no seu Protocolo de 1967. O estudo contextualiza o surgimento do SECA no âmbito da evolução da política europeia de asilo, destacando os marcos regulatórios e os mecanismos de harmonização propostos pela União Europeia. Em seguida, analisa criticamente as três diretivas centrais do sistema – diretiva qualificatória, diretiva de procedimentos e diretiva de acolhimento – evidenciando como sua implementação varia de forma significativa entre os Estados-membros, gerando insegurança jurídica e afetando a equidade no acesso à proteção. Examina-se o Novo Pacto Europeu sobre Migração e Asilo, suas propostas de reforma e os riscos de retrocesso nas garantias fundamentais. Serão apresentadas as alternativas para fortalecer o regime europeu de proteção. Conclui-se que, para assegurar um sistema mais justo, eficaz e coerente com os princípios dos direitos humanos, é imprescindível que a União Europeia avance na implementação de políticas migratórias baseadas na uniformidade, solidariedade, na responsabilidade compartilhada e no respeito à dignidade humana.
- Chemical safety in laboratories: Awareness, attitudes and practices of higher education studentsPublication . Ribeiro, Inês Marques; Carvalhais, Carlos Alberto AlvesHigher education institutions, particularly those with teaching and research laboratories in their infrastructure, play an important role in transmitting knowledge and attitudes about chemical safety to their students. As such, this study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes of higher education students from different study programs regarding chemical safety in laboratories. A cross-sectional study was carried out, using a questionnaire that was adapted and translated to Portuguese. The instrument had a total of twenty-seven questions and was distributed amongst students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs that include laboratory practices in their curricula, through March and July of 2025. A total of 284 students participated in the study, divided among the different cycles of higher education (CTeSP = 4.2%; Bachelor's degree = 70.4%; Master's degree = 21%; Doctorate = 4.2%). The results showed that, although a large percentage of students have a high level of knowledge, their attitudes are not always the most appropriate, which could jeopardize their safety and that of those around them. Our findings revealed that there is room for curricula adjustments. Early exposure to chemical and laboratory safety concepts has the potential to promote the development of conscious students and future professionals. By integrating safety modules into their education will potentially increase the knowledge and skills to make informed decisions that can reduce accidents/incidents in a laboratory environment.
- Simulação da implementação e avaliação de metodologias ágeis em grandes corporações: um estudo de caso na VodafonePublication . RODRIGUES, DIOGO ANTÓNIO MENDES; Barros, Carlos Lourenço Moreira deEsta tese tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação de metodologias ágeis na gestão de projetos no contexto de grandes empresas, com foco específico na Vodafone. A crescente complexidade dos projetos e a necessidade de maior flexibilidade e adaptação às mudanças têm levado muitas organizações a reconsiderar os métodos tradicionais de gestão, procurando alternativas mais dinâmicas, como as abordagens ágeis. Através de um estudo de caso realizado na Vodafone, esta investigação examina os principais desafios, vantagens e limitações associados à adoção de metodologias ágeis, bem como o seu impacto no desempenho dos projetos. Para este efeito, foram conduzidas entrevistas com gestores de projeto, foi realizada uma análise documental e foram observados projetos em curso, o que permitiu uma compreensão aprofundada da realidade organizacional. Os resultados revelam que, embora existam obstáculos na integração de práticas ágeis em ambientes corporativos complexos, a adoção de abordagens híbridas tem potencial para melhorar a eficácia dos projetos e a satisfação dos intervenientes. A tese termina com recomendações práticas para a implementação sustentável de metodologias ágeis em grandes empresas.
- Previsão de preços de eletricidade no mercado spot baseado em Machine LearningPublication . NOVO, EDUARDO SANTOS; Pereira, Ana Maria Dias Madureira; Ferreira, Maria Judite Madureira da SilvaA transição energética na Europa e a crescente integração de fontes renováveis têm intensificado a volatilidade dos preços no mercado de eletricidade da Península Ibérica. Este cenário apresenta desafios para o equilíbrio entre a oferta e a procura, agravados pela intermitência associada à integração de energias renováveis. O problema central desta dissertação é desenvolver um sistema avançado de previsão de preços no mercado spot, que permita mitigar os impactos desta volatilidade, promovendo estabilidade e eficiência. Para atingir este objetivo, foi seguido um planeamento estruturado segundo a metodologia Action Research, incluindo uma revisão da literatura com PRISMA e a estruturação do processo de desenvolvimento com CRISP-DM. Esta abordagem permitiu identificar lacunas e avanços na aplicação de modelos de Machine Learning na transição energética e nos mercados de energia elétrica. Foram estudados e comparados modelos lineares, modelos baseados em árvores, modelos de gradient boosting e redes neuronais recorrentes. Os resultados evidenciaram a superioridade dos métodos de boosting na redução do erro absoluto, com o XGBoost a obter o melhor desempenho, seguido dos modelos de ensemble, superando as RNNs. As principais limitações encontradas relacionam-se com a janela temporal, a parametrização uniforme nas RNNs e a manutenção de outliers.
- Análise qualitativa e quantitativa de amianto nos solosPublication . MAIA, MARIA COUTINHO; Freitas, Olga Manuela Matos de; Ramalhosa, Maria João DantasA presente dissertação resulta do estágio curricular realizado na empresa Eurofins Environment Lab Testing Portugal, no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Química do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto. O trabalho teve como principal objetivo a implementação de uma metodologia de análise qualitativa e quantitativa de amianto em solos, com base na norma internacional ASTM D7521-22, adaptada às condições laboratoriais da Eurofins. O amianto, composto por minerais fibrosos com propriedades físico-químicas únicas, foi amplamente utilizado em diversas indústrias até à sua proibição em muitos países, incluindo Portugal. A sua presença residual em solos representa um risco significativo para a saúde pública e para o ambiente, sendo essencial o desenvolvimento de métodos eficazes para a sua deteção e quantificação. No decurso deste trabalho, foram estudadas as normas internacionais relativas à análise de amianto nos solos e, posteriormente, realizados ensaios laboratoriais em três fases, que permitiram testar e otimizar cada etapa do processo analítico, desde a secagem e peneiração das amostras, até à análise por microscopia ótica de luz polarizada e microscopia eletrónica de transmissão. Nas duas primeiras fases foram utilizadas amostras isentas de amianto, de forma a otimizar os procedimentos e evitar os riscos na sua manipulação. Na terceira fase utilizaramse amostras contaminadas, tendo sido possível identificar as fibras e validar a parte qualitativa da metodologia. O trabalho incluiu também a avaliação de custos de implementação, a análise de riscos associados ao manuseamento de amostras contaminadas e a participação em ensaios interlaboratoriais (Asbestos In Soil Scheme), que evidenciaram a necessidade de melhorias na quantificação. Como resultado, definiu-se que, numa primeira etapa, apenas a componente qualitativa da análise de amianto em solos seguiria para acreditação, ficando a validação quantitativa para uma fase posterior. Este trabalho culmina com a definição do âmbito da metodologia a implementar, estabelecendo a análise qualitativa como primeira etapa do processo de acreditação. Paralelamente, realizouse uma auditoria interna, visando preparar a auditoria externa que será, futuramente, realizada.
- Remote Plugin Architecture for Micro-FrontendsPublication . ALVES, INÊS LOPES; Marreiros, Maria Goreti CarvalhoThe evolution of industrial operations and the increasing complexity of modern supply chains demand robust, flexible and scalable digital solutions. TeamViewer Frontline, an augmented reality platform for industrial and field work, supports operational efficiency through modules such as Pick, Make, Assist and Inspect. At the heart of this platform is the Frontline Command Center, which provides users with centralized access to these solutions, enabling seamless management of workflows, task allocation and performance monitoring across various operations. However, the Frontline’s current iframe-based architecture presents significant limitations, including performance bottlenecks, inconsistent user experiences and challenges in scalability. As the product is evolving, the transition to a modern micro-frontend architecture has becomes critical. This dissertation proposes and implements a new micro-frontend-based architecture introducing FrontlineShell, which orchestrates all solution’s micro-frontends, ensuring consistency and shared services. Supporting tools were also developed, such as a feed service for independent implementation, a micro-frontend template to facilitate future development and clear guidelines for state sharing, communication and extensibility. The validation of the solution confirmed significant improvements in performance, scalability and user experience, proving the effectiveness of the chosen architecture. The new approach not only modernizes the Frontline but also improves developer processes, reduces redundant efforts and aligns the interface with the TeamViewer brand identity. Although the migration is still in progress, this work provides a solid foundation for future evolution.
- Instituições Académicas como Grelhas de Computação: Uma Arquitetura Baseada em Kubernetes para o Aproveitamento de Recursos em RepousoPublication . CARVALHO, GONÇALO RODRIGUES; Bettencourt, Nuno Miguel GomesEnsuring safety in autonomous vehicles in complex traffic scenarios is arguably still one of the most important intelligent transport system challenges. Conventional perception systems that depend on sensors such as cameras, LiDAR, and radar are prone to line-of-sight-relevant constraints, adverse weather conditions, and occlusions that can impede threat detection in scenarios of blind turns or obstructed intersections. Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is also hailed as the hopeful add-on to enhance situational awareness outside vehicle sensor range, where cars may exchange position, velocity, brake, and intent data in real-time. This thesis investigates the application of V2X communication to enhance crash safety by developing a simulation infrastructure that integrates Unreal Engine 5 for photo-realistic scenario simulation and the eCAL middleware for lightweight, low-latency message passing. The infrastructure was developed to simulate cooperative perception for low-visibility scenarios, aiming to establish whether early communication introduces longer reaction times and allows for earlier pre-crash safety system activation, i.e., airbags. Even though the integration of a network simulator (OMNeT++) is incomplete as the compilers and toolchains are not compatible, the project has a simulated working environment using Unreal Engine 5 and ensures eCAL’s role in passing structured data using Protobuf. Experimental results indicate seamless communication between virtual vehicles with near-zero latency, which depicts the potential as well as the limitations of shared-memory communication without real-world network simulation. This parer results provide a clearer vision of the role played by V2X in complementing legacy perception systems on autonomous vehicles. They also herald the need for toolchain synchronizations and simulator compatibilities in follow-on efforts. While the framework is incomplete, it is structured to naturally generalize to more complicated scenarios, heterogeneous sensor fusion, and full real-time synchronization with network simulators. Lastly, this research confirms the standing of V2X as one of the foremost enablers of cooperative safety applications in the quest for safer autonomous driving.
- Migration to Microservices: Effects on Energy Consumption, Performance and MaintainabilityPublication . CAMPELO, JOÃO PEDRO DA COSTA; Azevedo, Isabel de Fátima SilvaThe migration to microservices has become a common practice in modern software development. This procedure involves dividing large monolithic applications into several small services that can be independently created, deployed, and scaled on their own. However, like any approach, it has its advantages, such as increasing performance, scalability, and robustness of the system; the impact of this transition on energy consumption has been the subject of discussion. Microservices enable better resource management by allowing upscaling or downscaling of components, hence leading to underutilization of resources. The use of microservices can lead to energy savings by using fewer resources to achieve the same results. Furthermore, containerization technologies can improve resource utilisation by minimising virtualisation overheads. However, the higher level of complexity of the microservices architectures may lead to increased energy consumption because such architectures often imply an increased level of network communication and data exchange between services. Therefore, the impacts of the transition to microservices on energy use are multidimensional and can be best understood when considering the application size and complexity, the infrastructure, and the particular details of the microservices architecture. While there are potential energy savings, it is important to thoroughly weigh the trade-offs and potential impacts on energy consumption before making the decision to migrate to microservices. The study shows that moving a monolithic application to microservices through pattern-based migration resulted in better system maintainability but led to increased energy usage and performance costs. The application of Green Software Patterns, such as containerisation, asynchronous communication and autoscaling, helped mitigate unnecessary waste and aligned resource usage with workload demand. The CQRS pattern achieved superior read-heavy operation performance yet distributed communication expenses resulted in decreased performance. The maintainability analysis showed that decoupling resulted in more than 90% reduction of propagation cost. The study demonstrates that migration and decomposition patterns increase the number of services which require additional energy, but sustainable design methods enable long-term advantages in scalability and adaptability and environmental sustainability.
- O Futuro da Monitorização de Idosos: Integração da Realidade Aumentada para Auxílio na Prestação de CuidadosPublication . MARTINS, RAFAEL GONÇALVES; Conceição, Luis Manuel Silva; Marreiros, Maria Goreti CarvalhoRemote patient monitoring systems are a viable approach to address the evolving needs of healthcare facilities. However, while conventional systems can reduce constant in-person supervision, they require caregivers to remain near a computer, presenting a challenge since caregiving is inherently a hands-on role and requires freedom of movement. This dissertation project designed and implemented an augmented reality window-based interface system, AleRa, that overlays patient information onto the caregiver’s field of vision, fetched from a FHIR compliant server that is part of the RM4Health ITEA project’s architecture. AleRa aimed to explore if augmented reality could enable continuous monitoring while allowing caregivers to remain actively engaged in direct patient care, improving response time to changes in health conditions. Sixteen participants tested the system in a case study, praising its intuitiveness, visual quality, and strong potential as a helping tool for caregivers. Improving responsiveness of certain interface elements, and lowering the dependency on the companion mobile app, were the main constructive feedback, with other additional features also being suggested for future work. Overall, the dissertation project achieved its objectives, made relevant scientific contributions to augmented reality and health monitoring through implementation and publications, and contributed to the dissemination of related international projects.
- Generating presentation documents from procedural resourcesPublication . PACHECO, PEDRO RAFAEL FERREIRA; Azevedo, Isabel de Fátima SilvaThe creation of presentation slides from procedural documents is a repetitive and time consuming task that typically requires substantial manual e ort. This dissertation presents the design and development of a system that automates this process by converting procedural documents into structured and visually coherent presentation slides. The proposed solution integrates Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, text and image extraction and the use of local Large Language Model (LLM)s to perform summarization and content structuring. The system follows a modular pipeline composed of three main stages, extraction of textual and visual elements from Portable Document Format (PDF) documents, processing and structuring of the extracted content using LLMs based summarization and organization strategies and automatic generation of presentation slides in PowerPoint Open XML Presentation (PPTX) format, enriched with customizable themes. The implementation leverages open-source tools such as PyPDF2, pdfminer.six and python-pptx, while ensuring exible integration with di erent LLMs through the Ollama framework. Evaluation was carried out through unit, integration, functional and non-functional testing. The results con rmed that the system ful lls its functional requirements, reliably importing documents, generating coherent slides, supporting customization and export features. Nonfunctional testing highlighted strengths in usability and maintainability, while also exposing limitations in performance when using larger models, reliability under heavy load and the need for improved security hardening. This work proves the concept of value and feasibility in semi-automatic transformation of procedural documents into presentations. The proposed system reduces the time and e ort required for preparing presentations, o ering an accessible, modular and extensible solution that can be further optimized and scaled in future research. The source code is publicly available as open source for testing, improvement and continued development (Pacheco, 2025).