Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-09"
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- Efeitos do programa de exercício Otago com dupla-tarefa no risco de queda em adultos mais velhoPublication . Santos, Cláudia Vanessa Monteiro dos; Santos, Paula Clara; Mesquita, CristinaIntrodução: O risco de queda aumenta com a idade devido às alterações neuromusculoesqueléticas e cognitivas decorrentes do envelhecimento. Os efeitos do exercício físico têm sido comprovados para redução do risco de queda, contudo, podem ser exponenciados quando realizados em dupla-tarefa com uma tarefa cognitiva. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do programa de exercício OTAGO com dupla-tarefa no risco de queda em adultos mais velhos. Métodos: Estudo quase-experimental de intervenção comunitária com 36 indivíduos, divididos em três grupos equitativamente (n= 12). O grupo controlo (GT) não teve qualquer intervenção, um dos grupos experimentais foi sujeito ao programa de exercício OTAGO (GEO) e o outro ao programa OTAGO mais exercícios cognitivos em dupla-tarefa (GEODT). Os participantes foram avaliados antes (M0) e após intervenção (M1) com o 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Sit to Stand Test (STS), The Four-Stage Balance Test (FourStage) e Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa). Para analisar as diferenças dos grupos, no M0 e M1, utilizou-se o teste Anova e o testes de Qui-Quadrado e Fisher, para variáveis quantitativas e qualitativas, respetivamente. Para as diferenças intragrupo selecionou-se o teste T para amostras emparelhadas nas variáveis quantitativas e o Teste de McNemar na variável qualitativa. Resultados: Os grupos são comparáveis no M0. Em M1 os grupos experimentais são significativamente diferentes do GC em todas as variáveis [10 MWT (GEODT: p=0,005; GEO: p=0,033); 10 MWT evocativo (GEODT: p<0,001; GEO: p<0,001); STS (GEODT: p<0,001; GEO: p<0,001)]. Nas variáveis TUG e MoCa apenas se observaram diferenças do GEODT [TUG: p=0,030; MoCA: p=0,0015] para os outros dois grupos, sendo que, no MoCA o GEODT aumentou significativamente mais do que o GEO (p= 0,005) e GC (p=0,003). Na variável Four-Stage, a proporção de indivíduos em risco de queda nos grupos experimentais (GEODT: 33,3%; GEO: 41,7%) eram consideravelmente inferiores às do GC (83,3%). Conclusão: O programa de exercício OTAGO em dupla-tarefa reduz o risco de queda no adulto mais velho, apresentando resultados mais significativos no teste cognitivo do que o programa de exercício OTAGO aplicado isoladamente. Palavras-chave: risco de queda, dupla-tarefa, programa de exercício OTAGO.
- Microbiological characterization of food handlers in school canteensPublication . Gomes, Diana; Moreira, Teresa; Mota, Marlene; Rodrigues, Cecília; Araújo, António; Amorim, ManuelaFood-borne substances are a major concern of Public Health, given that food can be the source of various hazards (biological, physical and chemical). Approximately 20% of outbreaks of foodborne illness are associated with the personal hygiene of food handlers. The personal hygiene of manipulators is one of the best ways to block bacterial contamination and its extension to new areas. To evaluate the microbiological profile of the hands of food handlers in school canteens of the northern region of Portugal during 2016 and to verify the efficiency of the hygiene processes.
- Use of software in learning difficulties of reading: comparative analysis between digital environment and hybrid environmentPublication . Sucena, Ana; Silva, Ana F.The learning difficulties of the letter-sound relations are seen as a risk factor for future difficulties in learning to read. Ideally, the identification of children at risk of failure to learn reading and writing should occur in the last year of pre-school or early in the first year, so that intentional programs can be implemented to promote basic reading skills. The most promising reading learning support programs combine explicit phonological awareness training with highly structured reading instruction. This study evaluated the impact of two early intervention programs on reading learning difficulties. A program exclusively in virtual environment and a hybrid program, comprising sessions in virtual environment and in real environment.
- Microbiological characterization of bathing areas of a county in the Northern regionPublication . Mendes, Joana; Mota, Sandra; Araújo, António; Rodrigues, Cecília; Moreira, Teresa; Amorim, ManuelaThe management of bathing water aims at the protection of human health and the preservation, protection and improvement of the quality of the environment. In order to control the quality of these same waters for recreational use, microbiological indicators of faecal contamination are monitored, according to Decree-Law 135/2009 of June 3rd. The microbiological indicators of faecal contamination used are Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. since they are commensals of the gastrointestinal flora of humans and most animals. This study aimed to characterize the results of intestinal E. coli and Enterococcus parameters of inland bathing waters of a county in the northern region of Portugal during 2016.
- Health literacy: the importance of experimental activities in the 1st cycle of basic education: report of an educational intervention on hand hygienePublication . Lamas, Maria C.; Lago, CarlaPrimary school students usually have very little previous knowledge about a number of educational issues. So, it is important to create moments where the students can tell whatever they know about a subject, in order to make an additional scientific explanation. The program of the 1st cycle of basic education aims to develop an attitude of permanent research and experimentation, and the part “The health of your body”, to produce knowledge and the application of norms of body hygiene. However, the contents expressed in the textbooks for these levels of education do not justify the need for children to adopt these hygiene habits, which must be acquired as early as possible, to be a systematic routine throughout life. On the other hand, it allows to eradicate some of the alternative conceptions that some 1st cycle students present on some issues, as the notion about the morphological view of microorganisms away from reality, idealizing them similar to animals. There is evidence that children are able to learn about microorganisms at this age and it is desirable that it occurs as early as possible, avoiding late conceptual changes that are difficult to reconstruct in their entirety. For some authors, children should realize that the know ledge learned in the classroom can be applied in their daily lives.
- Magnetic dispersive micro solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography determination of organophosphorus pesticides in strawberriesPublication . Fernandes, Virgínia Cruz; Freitas, Maria; Pacheco, João; Oliveira, José Maria; Domingues, Valentina; Delerue-Matos, CristinaMagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with different sizes and characteristics were synthesized to be used as a QuEChERS sorbents for the determination of seven organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in strawberries by gas chromatography analysis with flame photometric and mass spectrometry detection. To achieve the optimum conditions of modified QuEChERS procedure several parameters affecting the cleanup efficiency including the amount of the sorbents and cleanup time were investigated. The results were compared with classical QuEChERS methodologies and the modified QuEChERS procedure using MNPs showed the better performance. Under the optimum conditions of the new methodology, three spiking levels (25, 50 and 100 μg kg-1) were evaluated in a strawberry sample. The results showed that the average recovery was 93% and the relative standard deviation was less than 12%. The enrichment factor ranged from 111 to 145%. The good linearity with coefficients of determination of 0.9904-0.9991 was obtained over the range of 25-250 μg kg-1 for 7 OPPs. It was determined that the MNPs have an excellent function as sorbent when purified even using less amount of sorbents and the magnetic properties allowed non-use of the centrifugation in cleanup step. The new methodology was applied in strawberry samples from conventional and organic farming. The new sorbents were successfully applied for extraction and determination of OPPs in strawberries.
- The limitations of medicinal package leafletsPublication . Izidoro, Ana P.; Correia, PatríciaIt is known that, in order to solve most of the existing health problems, it is often fundamental that a pharmacological approach exists. For this reason, patients must be adequately informed about their health status and about the medicines they are using. One of the most important resources of medicines information, available for patients, is the information leaflet. It provides a set of understandable information and should contribute to the appropriate and safe use of information, complementing the information given by health professionals. However, the content appears to be quite complex or too technical and the text is very dense and with a reduced font size, making it intimidating and difficult to read. The main objectives of this study are: to identify if users read the information leaflet and whether reading frequency is associated with the importance they attribute to it; and to identify the limitations attributed by the respondents to information leaflets and possible relationships with the socio-demographic characteristics of the population.
- Impact of a 10 km race on inflammatory and cardiovascular markers: comparison between trained and untrained recreational adultsPublication . Carvalho, Margarida; Noites, Andreia; Moreira-Gonçalves, Daniel; Ferreira, Rita; Ribeiro, FernandoPrevious studies have found that trained athletes had lower changes in circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers and cardiovascular stress than untrained athletes, upon prolonged or exhausting exercise. Particularly, recreational runners with less training showed higher risk of cardiac injury and dysfunction after a marathon. Presently, we are observing a steadily growing number of young and older adults engaging in running events without having a professional orientation or training, emphasizing the need to assess biochemical markers that allow the evaluation of the acute changes imposed in these recreational athletes. To compare the immediate and 24-hour effects of a 10-km run on inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers between recreational athletes, with and without specific running training.
- Construção do modelo SECI no projeto VISIR+: um estudo de caso das práticas e iniciativas de compartilhamento de conhecimento interorganizacionalPublication . Roque, Gabriela Rocha; Silva, Isabela Nardi da; Bilessimo, Simone Meister Sommer; Silva, Juarez Bento da; Alves, João Bosco da Mota; Alves, Gustavo R.O compartilhamento de conhecimento entre organizações, grupos e indivíduos, contribui significativamente para a criação de novos conhecimentos, bem como, para o aperfeiçoamento de conhecimentos existentes, esse processo resulta na espiral de criação do conhecimento, também conhecido como modelo SECI (Socialização, Externalização, Combinação e Internalização). Esta pesquisa foi sustentada pelo exemplo de compartilhamento de conhecimento interorganizacional presente no projeto VISIR+, o qual foi criado com o propósito de disseminar o laboratório remoto VISIR na América Latina. O VISIR é uma ferramenta educacional que permite testes de circuitos elétricos e eletrônicos de modo seguro e real, colaborando de forma benéfica em cursos de ensino a distância, bem como apoio em aulas presenciais. O VISIR+ é composto por uma parceria entre IESs europeias e latino-americanas. No Brasil, uma das IES participantes do projeto VISIR+ é a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, representada pelo Laboratório de Experimentação Remota (RExLAB). Além da implementação do VISIR na Universidade, o RExLab foi responsável por duas associadas. Esta pesquisa tem como como objetivo identificar as práticas e iniciativas de compartilhamento e criação do conhecimento, a partir do modelo SECI, na atuação do RExLab no âmbito do projeto VISIR+. Entre os resultados encontrados, tem-se a construção da representação gráfica e concreta do modelo SECI, correspondente a espiral do conhecimento, constatado por meio da interação cíclica e dinâmica entre o conhecimento tácito e explícito
- Successful multidrug-resistant and copper-tolerant Salmonella clones are enriched in arsenic tolerance genesPublication . Mourão, Joana; Rebelo, Andreia; Ribeiro, Sofia; Peixe, Luísa; Novais, Carla; Antunes, PatríciaRecently our team highlighted tolerance to copper and silver in emergent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serotypes/clones, which constitute an advantage for survival and persistence in metal-contaminated environments of animal-production.
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