Browsing by Author "Ribeiro, Sofia"
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- Atypical Non-H2S-producing monophasic salmonella typhimurium ST3478 strains from chicken meat at processing stage are adapted to diverse stressesPublication . Mourão, Joana; Rebelo, Andreia; Ribeiro, Sofia; Peixe, Luísa; Novais, Carla; Antunes, PatríciaPoultry products are still an important cause of Salmonella infections worldwide, with an increasingly reported expansion of less-frequent serotypes or atypical strains that are frequently multidrug-resistant. Nevertheless, the ability of Salmonella to survive antimicrobials promoted in the context of antibiotic reducing/replacing and farming rethinking (e.g., organic acids and copper in feed/biocides) has been scarcely explored. We investigated Salmonella occurrence (conventional and molecular assays) among chicken meat at the processing stage (n = 53 batches/29 farms) and characterized their tolerance to diverse stress factors (antibiotics, copper, acid pH, and peracetic acid).
- Detection of Salmonella serotypes adapted to diverse stresses in poultry meat at processing level in PortugalPublication . Ribeiro, Sofia; Mourão, Joana; Rebelo, Andreia; Novais, Carla; Peixe, Luísa; Antunes, PatríciaNon-typhoidal Salmonella causes frequently foodborneinfections mainly associated with the consumption of eggs/poultry products. A decreasing trend in human salmonellosis, particularly of S.Enteritidis, has been observed in EU dueto successful control programs at theavian production level. Nevertheless, expansion of less frequent serotypes and/or certain well-adapted clones has been reported.Theeffectiveness of control practices (e.g. organicacids in feed/biocides) on theelimination of Salmonella,and particularly of EU targeted serotypes, in poultry has been scarcely explored. Here, weinvestigated the presence of Salmonella, using conventional and molecular approaches,and characterizetheir clinically-relevant serotypes,among fresh chickenmeat samples at poultry processing level in Portugal.
- Enterococcus spp. from chicken meat collected 20 years apart overcome multiple stresses occurring in the poultry production chain: Antibiotics, copper and acidsPublication . Rebelo, Andreia; Duarte, Bárbara; Ferreira, Carolina; Mourão, Joana; Ribeiro, Sofia; Freitas, Ana R.; Coque, Teresa M.; Willems, Rob; Corander, Jukka; Peixe, Luísa; Antunes, Patrícia; Novais, CarlaPoultry meat has been a vehicle of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes. Yet, the diversity of selective pressures associated with their maintenance in the poultry-production chain remains poorly explored. We evaluated the susceptibility of Enterococcus spp. from chicken meat collected 20 years apart to antibiotics, metals, acidic pH and peracetic acid-PAA. Contemporary chicken-meat samples (n = 53 batches, each including a pool of neck skin from 10 single carcasses) were collected in a slaughterhouse facility using PAA as disinfectant (March–August 2018, North of Portugal). Broilers were raised in intensive farms (n = 29) using CuSO4 and organic acids as feed additives. Data were compared with that of 67 samples recovered in the same region during 1999–2001. All 2018 samples had multidrug resistant-MDR isolates, with >45 % carrying Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus gallinarum resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, ampicillin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol or aminoglycosides. Resistance rates were similar (P > 0.05) to those of 1999–2001 samples for all but five antibiotics. The decrease of samples carrying vancomycin-resistant isolates from 46 % to 0 % between 1999-2001 and 2018 was the most striking difference. Isolates from both periods were similarly susceptible to acid pH [minimum-growth pH (4.5-5.0), minimum-survival pH (3.0-4.0)] and to PAA (MIC90 = 100–120 mg/L/MBC90 = 140–160 mg/L; below concentrations used in slaughterhouse). Copper tolerance genes (tcrB and/or cueO) were respectively detected in 21 % and 4 % of 2018 and 1999-2001 samples. The tcrB gene was only detected in E. faecalis (MICCuSO4 > 12 mM), and their genomes were compared with other international ones of chicken origin (PATRIC database), revealing a polyclonal population and a plasmid or chromosomal location for tcrB. The tcrB plasmids shared diverse genetic modules, including multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (e.g. to tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B-MLSB, aminoglycosides, bacitracin, coccidiostats). When in chromosome, the tcrB gene was co-located closely to merA (mercury) genes. Chicken meat remains an important vehicle of MDR Enterococcus spp. able to survive under diverse stresses (e.g. copper, acid) potentially contributing to these bacteria maintenance and flux among animal-environment-humans.
- High rates of ampicillin multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium in chicken meat from PortugalPublication . Novais, Carla; Freitas, Ana Raquel; Ferreira, Carolina; Scholes, Christopher; Duarte, Barbara; Ribeiro, Sofia; Mourão, Joana Vanessa Cordeiro Melro; Rebelo, Andreia; Antunes, Patrícia; Peixe, Luísa Maria VieiraResistance to ampici lin-AmpR is associated with Enterococcus faecium-Efm from hospitalizedhumans (clade-A1) and at lesser extent with community-based isolates (clade-A2: human and animal strains; clade-B: human-commensal strains). Recently, AmpR combined with specific putative virulence factors were proposed as molecular markers of Efm linked to human infections, which can have an impact in Efm risk assessment in different public health contexts (PMID:29519512). Here we evaluated the occurrence of AmpR-Efm with potential public health impact in chicken-meat samples.
- Organic and inorganic copper feed formulations have a similar impact in the selection of copper tolerant and multidrug resistant Enterococcus faecium from poultry farms and meat available to consumersPublication . Batista, Carina; Rebelo, Andreia; Duarte, Bárbara; Almeida, Marisa; Monteiro, Eulália; Pereira, Beatriz; Ribeiro, Sofia; Freitas, Ana R.; Peixe, Luísa; Antunes, Patrícia; Novais, CarlaCopper-Cu is used as animal feed additive. Inorganic (ITM) or organic (OTM) trace minerals feed formulations with Cu are available (OTM with lower Cu concentrations), but their effect in the selection of Cu tolerant-CuT and multidrug-resistant bacteria-MDR bacteria is unexplored. The impact of ITM/OTM-feed in the occurrence of MDR-CuT E. faecium-Efm in poultry production chain was studied. Broiler feces [n=34; 18 poultry-houses/flocks (10000-64000 animals each); 7 intensive-farms] were collected in each farm from 2 separated poultry-houses using ITM or OTM, at 2-3 days of broilers life (P1) and before slaughter (P2) (2019-2020/Portugal). Meat (n=18) of the same broilers was also collected after slaughter (P3). Samples were plated in Slanetz-Bartley (SL) agar with/without 1mM-CuSO4 (37°C/48h; anaerobiosis). Efm species, tcrB gene coding for CuT were studied by PCR and antibiotics/Cu susceptibility by disk diffusion/microdilution. Results: 256 Efm were from feces-97% and meat-67% samples. Efm-tcrB+ were mostly found in SL+Cu plates (46% of samples vs 15%-SL), with similar rates between OTM and ITM (54% vs 46%). Efm-tcrB+ had an increasing trend between P1 and P2 (56% vs 81%) samples but significantly decrease at P3 (17%). Efm-tcrB+ had a MICCu>12mM (96%), with most being MDR comparing to Efm-tcrB- (98% vs 57%). Efm-tcrB+ were more resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin or streptomycin than Efm-tcrB- (100%/100%/85%/62% vs 63%/66%/63%/21%). MDR-Efm-tcrB+, including to the clinical-relevant ampicillin or aminoglycosides, were mostly found in feces (P1+P2:47% vs P3:11%), both in OTM and ITM samples (31% vs 38%). MDR-Efm-tcrB+ were similarly detected independently of OTM/ITM feed at poultryfarms but they significantly decreased in carcasses for the consumer. The Cu role in the selection and persistence of MDR-Efm deserves more studies.
- Presence of non-typhoidal Salmonella adapted to diverse stresses in raw chicken meat, PortugalPublication . Ribeiro, Sofia; Rebelo, Andreia; Mourão, Joana Vanessa Cordeiro Melro; Novais, Carla; Peixe, Luísa Maria Vieira; Antunes, PatríciaSalmonella causes frequently foodborne infections mainly associated with eggs/poultry products. A decreasing trend in human salmonellosis, particularly of S.Enteritidis, has been observed in EU due to successful control programs at the avian production level. However, the effectiveness of control practices on the elimination of Salmonella, and particularly of EU targeted serotypes, in poultry has been scarcely explored.
- Raw chicken meat is a vehicle of Ampicillin-multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium: is it a on health problem?Publication . Novais, Carla; Freitas, Ana R.; Rebelo, Andreia; Ferreira, Carolina; Duarte, Bárbara; Ribeiro, Sofia; Mourão, Joana; Scholes, Christopher; Antunes, Patrícia; Peixe, LuísaResistance to ampicillin-AmpR is associated with Enterococcus faecium-Efm from hospitalized-humans (clade-A1) and at lesser extent with community-based isolates (clade-A2: human and animal strains; clade-B: human-commensal strains). Recently, AmpR combined with specific putative virulence factors were proposed as molecular markers of Efm linked to human infections, which can have an impact in Efm risk assessment in different public health contexts (PMID:29519512). Here we evaluated the occurrence of AmpR-Efm with potential public health impact in chicken-meat samples.
- Successful multidrug-resistant and copper-tolerant Salmonella clones are enriched in arsenic tolerance genesPublication . Mourão, Joana; Rebelo, Andreia; Ribeiro, Sofia; Peixe, Luísa; Novais, Carla; Antunes, PatríciaRecently our team highlighted tolerance to copper and silver in emergent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serotypes/clones, which constitute an advantage for survival and persistence in metal-contaminated environments of animal-production.
- Tolerance to arsenic contaminant among multidrug-resistant and copper-tolerant Salmonella successful clones is associated with diverse ars operons and genetic contextsPublication . Mourão, Joana; Rebelo, Andreia; Ribeiro, Sofia; Peixe, Luísa; Novais, Carla; Antunes, PatríciaEmergence and expansion of frequent multidrug-resistant (MDR) major Salmonella clones/serotypes has been a significant threat in the last years. Metal compounds, such as copper, commonly used in animal-production settings, have been pointed out as possible contributors for the selection of such strains/clones.