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Abstract(s)
Neste relatório são inicialmente aprofundados temas que auxiliam a melhoria da gestão de stocks em empresas. Analisaram-se modelos de gestão de stocks, mais concretamente os modelos de revisão contínua e periódica. O primeiro aposta numa monitorização contínua dos stocks enquanto o segundo depende da quantidade de stock existente. Explorou-se também o conceito de stock de segurança e uma metodologia para o planeamento das encomendas. Seguidamente, efetuou-se uma análise da filosofia lean, que consiste em técnicas de melhoria contínua que têm como objetivo a redução de despesas e de desperdícios, bem como o aumento do nível da qualidade e eficiência das instituições. Nesse sentido, abordam-se diversas ferramentas/metodologias, nomeadamente a metodologia TPM, a metodologia 5S, a gestão visual, o ciclo PDCA e o Kanban. Outra das temáticas explanadas e de extrema importância no quotidiano de organizações, são os métodos de previsão. Estes métodos permitem avaliar e estimar futuros negócios, com base nos dados recolhidos até então, destacando três técnicas de amortecimento exponencial: simples, duplo (método de Holt) e triplo (método de HoltWinters). De modo a melhorar a gestão de stocks da empresa, foi sugerida uma implementação de controlo através de uma análise ABC, com o intuito de determinar o stock de segurança, ponto de encomenda e quantidade económica de encomenda. Foram também implementadas metodologias lean, que permitiram, de facto, melhorar a limpeza, a organização e o planeamento da instituição, com alterações aparentemente simples, mas que apresentam resultados deveras significativos.
In this report, it is first discussed in-depth topics that help improve stock management in companies. Stock management models were analyzed, more specifically the models for continuous and periodic review. The first model bets on continuous monitoring of stocks, while the second depends on the amount of existing stock. It is also explored the concept of safety stock and one methodology for planning orders. Subsequently, an analysis of the lean philosophy was carried out, which consists of continuous improvement techniques that aim to reduce expenses and waste, as well as increase the level of quality and efficiency of the institutions. In this sense, several tools/methodologies are approached, namely the TPM methodology, the 5S methodology, visual management, the PDCA cycle, and Kanban. Another topic explored and extremely important in the daily life of organizations is forecasting methods. These methods allow the evaluating and estimating of future deals based on the data previously collected, highlighting three exponential amortization techniques: single, double (Holt method), and triple (Holt-Winters method). In order to improve the company's stock management, a control management implementation was suggested through an ABC analysis, with the objective to determine the safety stock, the order point, and the economic order quantity. It was also implemented lean methodologies, which made it possible to improve the cleaning, organization, and planning of institution, apparently simple changes, but with very significant results.
In this report, it is first discussed in-depth topics that help improve stock management in companies. Stock management models were analyzed, more specifically the models for continuous and periodic review. The first model bets on continuous monitoring of stocks, while the second depends on the amount of existing stock. It is also explored the concept of safety stock and one methodology for planning orders. Subsequently, an analysis of the lean philosophy was carried out, which consists of continuous improvement techniques that aim to reduce expenses and waste, as well as increase the level of quality and efficiency of the institutions. In this sense, several tools/methodologies are approached, namely the TPM methodology, the 5S methodology, visual management, the PDCA cycle, and Kanban. Another topic explored and extremely important in the daily life of organizations is forecasting methods. These methods allow the evaluating and estimating of future deals based on the data previously collected, highlighting three exponential amortization techniques: single, double (Holt method), and triple (Holt-Winters method). In order to improve the company's stock management, a control management implementation was suggested through an ABC analysis, with the objective to determine the safety stock, the order point, and the economic order quantity. It was also implemented lean methodologies, which made it possible to improve the cleaning, organization, and planning of institution, apparently simple changes, but with very significant results.
Description
Keywords
Gestão de Stocks Melhoria Contínua Filosofia Lean Métodos de Previsão Quantidade Económica de Encomenda Stock Management Continuous Improvement Lean Philosophy Maintenance Forecast Methods Economic Order Quantity