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Deciphering the mechanical strengthening mechanism: Soft metal doping in ceramic matrices: A case study of TiN-Ag films

2024Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
dc.contributor.authorLuan, Jing
dc.contributor.authorKong, Fanlin
dc.contributor.authorXu, Junhua
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Filipe
dc.contributor.authorEvaristo, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorDong, Songtao
dc.contributor.authorCavaleiro, Albano
dc.contributor.authorJu, Hongbo
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Filipe
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-30T11:01:01Z
dc.date.available2025-01-30T11:01:01Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractSoft metals have been widely added into ceramic-based films for fully meeting the demanding requirements of green tribological applications. However, the resulting considerable increase of the mechanical strength by adding a soft metal below 5 at.%, which reversed the rule-of-mixture, was still not fully revealed. In this paper, a case study of TiN-Ag films was carried out to investigate the strengthening mechanism induced by adding soft metal in TiN-Ag composite/multilayered films deposited by magnetron sputtering. The results showed that dual-phases of fcc-TiN and fcc-Ag co-existed in the composite films with the Ag particles embedded in the matrix. In some areas of the Ag particles, with a size below 4 nm, epitaxial growth with the TiN template was detected, which obliged the lattice to be distorted and shrunken. Consequently, both hardness and elastic modulus were enhanced from 21 and 236 GPa, for the reference TiN film, to 26 and 323 GPa for the TiN-Ag composite film with 2.4 at.% Ag. The possibility of having the epitaxial growth of Ag within TiN were also confirmed by designing a TiN/Ag multilayered film with an Ag layer thickness of ∼3 nm.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipSupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with the number of 52171071 and 51801081, national funds through FCT of Portugal – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under a scientific contract of 2021.04115.CEECIND, 2023.06224.CEECIND, and the projects of UIDB/00285/2020, and LA/0112/2020. The Slovenian Research Agency ARIS under the Research Core Funding Programme No. P2-0231 and the project MSCA-COFUND-5100-237/2023-9.
dc.identifier.citationJing Luan, Fanlin Kong, Junhua Xu, Filipe Fernandes, Manuel Evaristo, Songtao Dong, Albano Cavaleiro, Hongbo Ju, Deciphering the mechanical strengthening mechanism: Soft metal doping in ceramic matrices: A case study of TiN-Ag films, Materials & Design, Volume 248, 2024, 113489, ISSN 0264-1275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2024.113489.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.matdes.2024.113489
dc.identifier.issn0264-1275
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/29336
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationCentre for Mechanical Enginnering, Materials and Processes
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524008645
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectMagnetron sputtering
dc.subjectSoft metal
dc.subjectCeramic-based films
dc.subjectEpitaxy structure
dc.titleDeciphering the mechanical strengthening mechanism: Soft metal doping in ceramic matrices: A case study of TiN-Ag filmseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Mechanical Enginnering, Materials and Processes
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00285%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.titleMaterials & Design
oaire.citation.volume248
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameFernandes
person.givenNameFilipe
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4642-6950
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublication3a332ccf-4cef-4f64-8afa-cce8373191b2
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery3a332ccf-4cef-4f64-8afa-cce8373191b2
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