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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação de mestrado teve como objetivo a otimização energética de estufas de secagem, utilizadas para a secagem de moldes em gesso, na empresa ARCH Valadares. Esta otimização pretende diminuir o consumo energético das mesmas e consequentemente os custos associados a este consumo.
De forma a estudar algumas medidas de otimização a aplicar nas respetivas estufas foi necessário realizar um levantamento energético do atual consumo de energia. Ao realizar o respetivo levantamento verificou-se que os custos associados rondavam os 505 €/Estufa.
Após a realização do levantamento definiu-se cinco medidas de otimização: implementação de isolamento térmico, vedação de fugas de ar, controlo da humidade, otimização do tempo dos ciclos e o reaproveitamento de energia dos gases de exaustão.
Após a análise das medidas de otimização acima mencionadas, verificou-se que as reduções nos custos foram: 4% para a implementação de isolamento térmico, 24% para vedação das fugas de ar, 16% para o controlo da humidade, 27% para a otimização dos tempos dos ciclos e 48% para o reaproveitamento de energia dos gases de exaustão. Foi igualmente estudado o impacto na redução de custos a conjugação de três das medidas referidas anteriormente, sendo estas a vedação das fugas de ar, controlo da humidade e a otimização dos tempos dos ciclos, que atingiu uma redução total de 52%. Esta hipótese será a mais vantajosa para a empresa.
Relativamente aos investimentos necessários para a aplicação das medidas estudadas, apenas três necessitam de investimento, que é o caso da implementação de isolamento térmico, a vedação das fugas de ar e o reaproveitamento de energia dos gases de exaustão, sendo que os tempos de retorno de investimentos necessários são de 9, 1 e 2 meses respetivamente. As outras duas medidas, controlo da humidade e otimização do tempo dos ciclos não necessitam de qualquer investimento, permitindo assim que a empresa obtenha lucro imediato após aplicação de ambas as medidas.
This dissertation of master degree was aimed at the energy optimization of dryers, used for the drying of molds in plaster. This optimization aims to reduce their energy consumption and consequently the costs associated with this consumption. In order to study some optimization methods to be applied in the respective dryers, it was necessary to conduct an energy survey to understand the current behavior in relation to energy consumption. When carrying out the respective survey it was verified that the associated costs were around 505 € per dryer. After the survey was carried out, five optimization methods were studied: application of thermal insulation, air leakage sealing, humidity control, cycle time optimization and exhaust gas reuse. After the optimization methods were analyzed, it was verified that reductions of costs were: 4% for the thermal insulation implementation, 24% for the air leakage sealing, 16% for the humidity control, 27% for the cycle times optimization and 48% for the reuse of exhaust gases. The impact on cost reduction was also studied in the combination of three of the previously mentioned methods, such as the air leakage sealing, the humidity control and the cycle time optimization, which achieved a total reduction of 52%. This was the most appealing hypothesis to be applied by the company. With regard to the investments required for the application of the methods studied, only three methods require investment, such as the implementation of thermal insulation, the air leakage sealing and the exhaust gas reuse, which payback periods are 9, 1 and 2 months respectively. The other two methods, humidity control and cycle time optimization do not require any investment, thus allowing the company to make an immediate profit after applying both methods.
This dissertation of master degree was aimed at the energy optimization of dryers, used for the drying of molds in plaster. This optimization aims to reduce their energy consumption and consequently the costs associated with this consumption. In order to study some optimization methods to be applied in the respective dryers, it was necessary to conduct an energy survey to understand the current behavior in relation to energy consumption. When carrying out the respective survey it was verified that the associated costs were around 505 € per dryer. After the survey was carried out, five optimization methods were studied: application of thermal insulation, air leakage sealing, humidity control, cycle time optimization and exhaust gas reuse. After the optimization methods were analyzed, it was verified that reductions of costs were: 4% for the thermal insulation implementation, 24% for the air leakage sealing, 16% for the humidity control, 27% for the cycle times optimization and 48% for the reuse of exhaust gases. The impact on cost reduction was also studied in the combination of three of the previously mentioned methods, such as the air leakage sealing, the humidity control and the cycle time optimization, which achieved a total reduction of 52%. This was the most appealing hypothesis to be applied by the company. With regard to the investments required for the application of the methods studied, only three methods require investment, such as the implementation of thermal insulation, the air leakage sealing and the exhaust gas reuse, which payback periods are 9, 1 and 2 months respectively. The other two methods, humidity control and cycle time optimization do not require any investment, thus allowing the company to make an immediate profit after applying both methods.
Description
Keywords
Otimização energética Secagem Moldes Estufas Energy optimization Drying Molds Dryers