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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho pretende analisar a correlação entre as características do maciço rochoso, o diagrama de fogo aplicado para realização do desmonte de uma escavação subterrânea e a sua sobreescavação, concluindo de que forma é que as três premissas se relacionam e são dependentes entre si. O estudo teve como base a execução de um túnel desenvolvido para a construção de uma central de produção de energia através de um circuito hidráulico subterrâneo situado em Vilar do Monte, Viseu. Os trabalhos realizados nesta dissertação focaram-se essencialmente num troço de 500 m do túnel. Nesta extensão foi efetuada a caracterização geológico-geotécnica e geomecânica e posteriormente o estudo da sobreescavação resultante do desmonte executado através da utilização de um aparelho de medição de ângulos e distâncias. Perante os resultados e posterior comparação com os valores espectáveis de volume escavado foi avaliada a percentagem de rocha excedente que foi escavada. Por fim, foram propostos dois novos diagramas de fogo a aplicar naquele local, dimensionados segundo as características avaliadas na caracterização do maciço, de forma a concluir se um novo reajuste do mesmo terá influência numa menor sobreescavação.
The current work aimed to analyze the correlation between the characteristics of the rock masses, the blasting design applied to the dismantling of an underground excavation and its overbreaking concluding how these three premises are related and dependent on each other. The study was based on the execution of a tunnel developed for the construction of a power plant through an underground hydraulic circuit located in Vilar do Monte, Viseu. The carried work in this dissertation focused mainly on a 500 m section of the tunnel. In this extension was held the geological-geotechnical and geomechanics characterization followed by the investigation of the overbreaking resulted by the underground blasting throughout a laser measure tool that evaluated the angles and distances. Considering the results and subsequent comparison with the expected values of the excavated volume it was assessed the percentage of the surplus rock dismantled. At last, two new blasting designs were proposed to be applied in that area, sized according to rock masses that was evaluated early, in order to conclude if a new readjustment of the design will have influence in a less overbreaking.
The current work aimed to analyze the correlation between the characteristics of the rock masses, the blasting design applied to the dismantling of an underground excavation and its overbreaking concluding how these three premises are related and dependent on each other. The study was based on the execution of a tunnel developed for the construction of a power plant through an underground hydraulic circuit located in Vilar do Monte, Viseu. The carried work in this dissertation focused mainly on a 500 m section of the tunnel. In this extension was held the geological-geotechnical and geomechanics characterization followed by the investigation of the overbreaking resulted by the underground blasting throughout a laser measure tool that evaluated the angles and distances. Considering the results and subsequent comparison with the expected values of the excavated volume it was assessed the percentage of the surplus rock dismantled. At last, two new blasting designs were proposed to be applied in that area, sized according to rock masses that was evaluated early, in order to conclude if a new readjustment of the design will have influence in a less overbreaking.
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Keywords
Maciços Rochosos Desmonte subterrâneo Diagrama de fogo Sobreescavação Rock masses Underground blasting Blasting design Overbreak