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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O cumprimento dos padrões de serviço acordados com os clientes é uma das principais preocupações de todos os fornecedores. Desta forma, será crucial para a atividade Go Express - Transporta a garantia de entrega de todas as correspondências no local e hora acordado com os seus clientes. A empresa GO Express – Transporta é uma empresa dedicada ao transporte de mercadorias pesadas e ao serviço Expresso de grandes volumes. A GO Express tem nove plataformas em todo o país, onde diariamente se tratam cerca de 5000 envios que correspondem a uma média de 350 toneladas movimentadas.
Objetivo
Com este volume de carga a tratar, e visto que todas as cargas têm um prazo de entrega dia seguinte, o crossdocking tem elevada importância no sucesso da operação. Assim, a organização do armazém, a otimização do planeamento integrado de rotas nacionais e locais (cumprimento de horários linehaul) têm elevado impacte no cumprimento de padrão / qualidade de serviço.
A definição de fluxos de circulação das cargas dentro do armazém é fundamental para que se possa disciplinar e organizar toda a atividade desenvolvida na área operacional. Para facilitar esta ação foi proposta e concretizada a mudança de local do principal equipamento deste armazém, o tapete “Sorter”, para uma área mais próxima dos portões de descarga das viaturas. Está ainda em fase de execução a extensão deste equipamento até ao local de descarga. Esta alteração permite uma redução de tempo de trânsito das cargas dentro do armazém, com os respetivos ganhos operacionais, quer de tempo, quer monetários, e permite ainda que se faça o aproveitamento da parede da nave dois para organização das rotas. Este novo layout permite também uma redução no uso do porta-paletes elétrico em cerca de 3 horas diárias e correspondente manobrador.
Com a otimização das rotas pretende-se, para além da melhoria de capacidade de resposta, uma redução de custos com a subcontratação.
A reorganização da plataforma visa também a diminuição de dependência dos novos colaboradores na obtenção da informação junto dos colegas mais experientes, reforçar sentimento de segurança na realização das tarefas por parte dos novos colaboradores e, em simultâneo, aumentar a capacidade de concentração dos trabalhadores mais experientes.Com a reorganização do armazém ficaram livres cerca de 500 m2 (aproveitamento de 7,2 % do espaço total). De forma a minimizar alguns constrangimentos e indo de encontro à rentabilização, quer do espaço físico da plataforma, quer dos recursos humanos disponíveis, foi proposta a um cliente uma solução integrada de logística de algumas referências da sua carga (caixas de resmas de papel). Desta forma, conseguimos ganhar tempo e recursos, eliminando a necessidade de recolha no armazém do cliente. Esta solução permite ter a carga disponível no armazém a uma hora a que a atividade no armazém é reduzida, sendo possível assim a otimização dos recursos humanos.
Com a redução no tempo de trajeto das ligações linehaul (rotas nacionais de ligação entre plataformas), conseguimos transferir grande parte desses ganhos no horário de saída das rotas last-mile (rotas de distribuição porta-a-porta). Considerando um ganho de 60 minutos, o que multiplicado por 90 rotas, pode traduzir-se num ganho de 90 horas de distribuição. Com esta alteração, devem ser reformuladas as rotas, sendo possível pelo menos reduzir três rotas, com uma redução nos custos da plataforma em cerca de 450€ /dia, ou seja, um decréscimo nos custos de 396,65€/dia o equivalente a 99.955,80€ /ano.
Foi feito ainda um estudo visando a otimização de rotas, com recurso ao método do Caixeiro Viajante. Este estudo consiste em rentabilizar as rotas linehaul, sem prejuízo do serviço prestado ao Cliente. Com a aplicação deste método, conseguimos reduzir o custo unitário de transporte de palete de 23,19€ para 17,96€, o correspondente a uma redução semanal de 4 337,50€, sendo ao final de um ano a poupança de 225 550,00€.
Foi desenvolvido um manual de procedimentos, “Manual de Tratamento de Reembolsos”, de forma a normalizar procedimentos nas várias plataformas Transporta.
With a high volume of cargo to be treated, and since all loads have a delivery deadline for the next day, crossdocking has high importance on the success of the operation. Therefore, the organization of the warehouse, the optimization of the integrated planning of national and local Routes (compliance with Linehaul schedules) have a major impact on the fulfillment of standard / quality of service. The definition of cargo movement flows within the warehouse is fundamental so that one can discipline and organize all the activity developed in the operational area. To facilitate this action, a change of location of the main equipment of this warehouse, the "Sorter" carpet, was proposed and carried out to an area closer to the vehicle unloading gates. The extension of this equipment to the place of discharge is still in the execution phase. This change allows a reduction in the transit time of the loads inside of the warehouse, with the respective operational gains, both time and money, also allows the use of the wall of the nave two to organize the routes. This new layout also allows a reduction in the use of the electric pallet truck in about 3 hours per day and corresponding manual. With the optimization of the routes, it is intended, in addition to the improvement of responsiveness, a reduction of costs with subcontracting. The reorganization of the platform also aims to reduce reliance on new employees in obtaining information from more experienced colleagues, reinforce a sense of safety in the performance of tasks by new employees, and increase the concentration capacity of the experienced workers. With the reorganization of the warehouse were free about 500 m2 (use of 7.2% of the total space). In order to minimize some constraints and going against the profitability of both the physical space of the platform and the human resources available, a customer was offered an integrated logistics solution for some of their cargo references (paper ream boxes). In this way, we were able to save time and resources by eliminating the need for collection in the customer's warehouse. This solution allows to have the available load in the warehouse when the activity in the warehouse is reduced, being thus possible the optimization of the human resources. With the reduction in the time of the linehaul connections, we were able to transfer most of these gains at the time of leaving the last-mile routes. Considering a gain of 60 minutes, which multiplied by 90 routes, can translate into a gain of 90 hours of distribution. With this change, routes must be reformulated and it is possible to at least reduce three routes, with a reduction in platform costs by around € 450 / day, that is, a decrease in costs of € 396.65 / day, equivalent to € 99,955.80 / year. A study was also carried out aiming the optimization of routes, using the method of the traveling salesman. This study consists of making the routes linehaul profitable, without prejudice to the service provided to the Customer. With the application of this method, we were able to reduce the unit transport cost of the pallet from € 23.19 to € 17.96, corresponding to a weekly reduction of € 4 337.50, at the end of one year saving € 225 550.00. A manual of procedures, "Manual of Treatment of Refunds" has been developed in order to standardize procedures in the various Transporta Platforms.
With a high volume of cargo to be treated, and since all loads have a delivery deadline for the next day, crossdocking has high importance on the success of the operation. Therefore, the organization of the warehouse, the optimization of the integrated planning of national and local Routes (compliance with Linehaul schedules) have a major impact on the fulfillment of standard / quality of service. The definition of cargo movement flows within the warehouse is fundamental so that one can discipline and organize all the activity developed in the operational area. To facilitate this action, a change of location of the main equipment of this warehouse, the "Sorter" carpet, was proposed and carried out to an area closer to the vehicle unloading gates. The extension of this equipment to the place of discharge is still in the execution phase. This change allows a reduction in the transit time of the loads inside of the warehouse, with the respective operational gains, both time and money, also allows the use of the wall of the nave two to organize the routes. This new layout also allows a reduction in the use of the electric pallet truck in about 3 hours per day and corresponding manual. With the optimization of the routes, it is intended, in addition to the improvement of responsiveness, a reduction of costs with subcontracting. The reorganization of the platform also aims to reduce reliance on new employees in obtaining information from more experienced colleagues, reinforce a sense of safety in the performance of tasks by new employees, and increase the concentration capacity of the experienced workers. With the reorganization of the warehouse were free about 500 m2 (use of 7.2% of the total space). In order to minimize some constraints and going against the profitability of both the physical space of the platform and the human resources available, a customer was offered an integrated logistics solution for some of their cargo references (paper ream boxes). In this way, we were able to save time and resources by eliminating the need for collection in the customer's warehouse. This solution allows to have the available load in the warehouse when the activity in the warehouse is reduced, being thus possible the optimization of the human resources. With the reduction in the time of the linehaul connections, we were able to transfer most of these gains at the time of leaving the last-mile routes. Considering a gain of 60 minutes, which multiplied by 90 routes, can translate into a gain of 90 hours of distribution. With this change, routes must be reformulated and it is possible to at least reduce three routes, with a reduction in platform costs by around € 450 / day, that is, a decrease in costs of € 396.65 / day, equivalent to € 99,955.80 / year. A study was also carried out aiming the optimization of routes, using the method of the traveling salesman. This study consists of making the routes linehaul profitable, without prejudice to the service provided to the Customer. With the application of this method, we were able to reduce the unit transport cost of the pallet from € 23.19 to € 17.96, corresponding to a weekly reduction of € 4 337.50, at the end of one year saving € 225 550.00. A manual of procedures, "Manual of Treatment of Refunds" has been developed in order to standardize procedures in the various Transporta Platforms.
Description
Trabalho de projeto apresentado ao Instituto Politécnico do Porto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Logística
Keywords
GoExpress