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Abstract(s)
Com o processo de globalização, o campo de atuação das empresas passou a ser o mercado global, o qual enquadra ameaças, mas principalmente oportunidades e desafios. A internacionalização tem sido considerada uma estratégia empresarial fundamental, potenciando o crescimento e competitividade das empresas, bem como trazendo vantagens para as respetivas economias.
O enquadramento português, que se carateriza por uma conjuntura desfavorável há vários anos, acabou por fomentar e determinar a procura de novos mercados por parte das empresas. Com efeito, este estudo pretende abordar o fenómeno da internacionalização de Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME) portuguesas, no âmbito das suas motivações, formas/modos de entrada e determinantes da seleção do mercado africano, com particular enfoque no mercado senegalês. Para desenvolver este projeto, utilizamos a metodologia qualitativa, recorrendo ao método de estudo de caso. Este estudo, em concreto, engloba o estudo de múltiplos casos (seis empresas em fase de internacionalização para o mercado africano).
Perante os dados recolhidos e a análise e comparação dos múltiplos casos, os resultados indicam que as motivações para a internacionalização são fundamentalmente motivações reativas estando associadas à tentativa de ultrapassar a estagnação do mercado interno, assumindo-se como uma forma de expansão alternativa do negócio. No que respeita à modalidade de entrada, a exportação constitui a primeira, e a mais utilizada, pelas PME para penetrarem nos mercados externos. Os principais critérios que fundamentam a escolha dos mercados africanos estão ligados à tributação mais favorável, dimensão do mercado, à estabilidade económica e cambial e à necessidade de desenvolvimento das infraestruturas. No que concerne ao mercado senegalês, em concreto, não se identificaram entraves significativos. As informações recolhidas indicam que há vertentes potenciadoras dessa internacionalização, nomeadamente, a estabilidade política, económica do país e alguma proximidade cultural decorrente do processo colonial Francês.
With globalization, the global market has become companies’ playing field. This has both disadvantages and mostly opportunities and challenges. Internationalization has been considered a key business strategy, enhancing the growth and competitiveness of enterprises, as well as bringing benefits to their respective economies. The Portuguese framework, which is characterized by an unfavourable situation during the last years, eventually promoted and determined the search for new markets for companies. In fact, this study aims to address the phenomenon of internationalization of Portuguese Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), focusing on its motivations, forms / input modes and determinants of the African market selection, with particular emphasis on the Senegalese market. To develop this project, we used qualitative methodology, via the case study method. This study, in particular, includes the study of multiple cases (six companies in the internationalization phase for the African market). Examining the collected data and the analysis and comparison of multiple cases, the results indicate that the motivations for internationalization are fundamentally reactive motivations, associated with the attempt to overcome the stagnation of the domestic market, as a form of alternative business expansion. Regarding the input mode, exports are the first and most used input mode, by SMEs, to penetrate in foreign markets. The main criteria underlying the choice of African markets are linked to more favourable taxation, market size, economic and exchange rate stability and the need for infrastructure development. Regarding the Senegalese market, in particular, no significant barriers were identified. The information gathered indicates that there are potentiating strands of internationalization, in particular the country’s political and economic stability and some cultural proximity stemming from the French colonization process.
With globalization, the global market has become companies’ playing field. This has both disadvantages and mostly opportunities and challenges. Internationalization has been considered a key business strategy, enhancing the growth and competitiveness of enterprises, as well as bringing benefits to their respective economies. The Portuguese framework, which is characterized by an unfavourable situation during the last years, eventually promoted and determined the search for new markets for companies. In fact, this study aims to address the phenomenon of internationalization of Portuguese Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), focusing on its motivations, forms / input modes and determinants of the African market selection, with particular emphasis on the Senegalese market. To develop this project, we used qualitative methodology, via the case study method. This study, in particular, includes the study of multiple cases (six companies in the internationalization phase for the African market). Examining the collected data and the analysis and comparison of multiple cases, the results indicate that the motivations for internationalization are fundamentally reactive motivations, associated with the attempt to overcome the stagnation of the domestic market, as a form of alternative business expansion. Regarding the input mode, exports are the first and most used input mode, by SMEs, to penetrate in foreign markets. The main criteria underlying the choice of African markets are linked to more favourable taxation, market size, economic and exchange rate stability and the need for infrastructure development. Regarding the Senegalese market, in particular, no significant barriers were identified. The information gathered indicates that there are potentiating strands of internationalization, in particular the country’s political and economic stability and some cultural proximity stemming from the French colonization process.
Description
Keywords
Internacionalização Mercados africanos PME Metodologia quantitativa Internationalization Qualitative methodology African markets SMEs