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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos, a Monitorização da Integridade Estrutural (SHM – Structural Health Monitoring) tem surgido como tema de interesse e de cada vez mais alargada aplicação no âmbito da engenharia civil. A relevância da monitorização estrutural surge associada ao crescente interesse, dos donos de obra e entidades gestoras de obras, de ter um conhecimento aprofundado das estruturas. O impulso verificado nos últimos anos no sector da monitorização aparece da necessidade de garantir condições de segurança para as estruturas. Neste aspeto a observação das estruturas mais antigas tem observado um crescimento significativo para se avaliar a adequação das mesmas às exigências atuais.
Os sistemas de monitorização possibilitam um acompanhamento contínuo do comportamento das estruturas e através dos dados obtidos é possível fazer a avaliação das alterações no comportamento da mesma. Baseados em sensores, os sistemas de monitorização são um meio inovador para o estudo cuidado das estruturas e um apoio importante para o planeamento de ações de rotina que permitem a manutenção da estrutura dentro de parâmetros de segurança aceitáveis, potenciando uma manutenção proativa das estruturas.
Na presente dissertação é feito o estudo de um demonstrador, dimensionado e concebido para o efeito, no qual é implementado um sistema de monitorização continuo e automático. O demonstrador é submetido a uma campanha de ensaios, composta por ensaios estáticos e dinâmicos. O estudo realizado pretende a medição de grandezas consideradas relevantes, tais como deslocamentos, extensões, rotações e acelerações, que permitem avaliar a adequação dos sistemas de monitorização e também o comportamento da estrutura objeto dos ensaios.
Para que seja possível retirar conclusões mais satisfatórias do trabalho realizado, os resultados experimentais são comparados com os provenientes de modelos numéricos. Para tal são desenvolvidos dois modelos de elementos finitos: um de barras e outro de casca. O objetivo do desenvolvimento destes de modelos numéricos é o de avaliar com mais segurança o comportamento da estrutura.
In the last years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has arisen as an interesting theme and an ever-wider application in the field of civil engineering. The relevance of structural monitoring is associated with the growing interests of building owners and management entities to have a thorough knowledge of the structures. The momentum in recent years in the monitoring sector as emerged from the need to ensure safety conditions for the structures. In this aspect the observation of the oldest structures has observed a significant growth to evaluate the adequacy of the same to the current requirements. The monitoring systems allow a continuous monitoring of the behavior of the structures and through the obtained data, it is possible to make the evaluation of the changes in the behavior of the same. Based on sensors, monitoring systems are an innovative mean for careful study of structures and an importante support for planning routine actions that allow maintenance of the structure within acceptable safety parameters, fostering proactive maintenance of the structures. In the present dissertation, a demonstrator is designed for the purpose, in which a continuous and automatic system is implemented. The demonstrator is submitted to a test campaign, composed of static and dynamic tests. The objective of this study is to measure the quantities considered relevant, such as displacements, extensions, rotations and accelerations, which allow to evaluate the adequacy of monitoring systems and the behavior of the structure object of the tests. To obtain more satisfactory conclusions from the work done, the experimental results are compared with numerical models. For this, two models of finite elements are developed: one of bars and other of shell. The objective of the development of these numerical models is to evaluate more safely the behavior of the structure.
In the last years, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has arisen as an interesting theme and an ever-wider application in the field of civil engineering. The relevance of structural monitoring is associated with the growing interests of building owners and management entities to have a thorough knowledge of the structures. The momentum in recent years in the monitoring sector as emerged from the need to ensure safety conditions for the structures. In this aspect the observation of the oldest structures has observed a significant growth to evaluate the adequacy of the same to the current requirements. The monitoring systems allow a continuous monitoring of the behavior of the structures and through the obtained data, it is possible to make the evaluation of the changes in the behavior of the same. Based on sensors, monitoring systems are an innovative mean for careful study of structures and an importante support for planning routine actions that allow maintenance of the structure within acceptable safety parameters, fostering proactive maintenance of the structures. In the present dissertation, a demonstrator is designed for the purpose, in which a continuous and automatic system is implemented. The demonstrator is submitted to a test campaign, composed of static and dynamic tests. The objective of this study is to measure the quantities considered relevant, such as displacements, extensions, rotations and accelerations, which allow to evaluate the adequacy of monitoring systems and the behavior of the structure object of the tests. To obtain more satisfactory conclusions from the work done, the experimental results are compared with numerical models. For this, two models of finite elements are developed: one of bars and other of shell. The objective of the development of these numerical models is to evaluate more safely the behavior of the structure.
Description
Keywords
Sistemas de Monitorização Sistemas de Aquisição Comportamento Estrutural Análise Estrutural Monitorização da Integridade Estrutural Demonstrador Monitoring Systems Acquisition Systems Structural Behavior Structural Analysis Structural Health Monitoring Demonstrator