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A systematic review of chest-worn sensors in cardiac assessment: technologies, advantages, and limitations

2025-10-01Artigo de investigação Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMachado, Ana
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Filipa
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Simão
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida-Antunes, Natália
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Paulo
dc.contributor.authorMelo, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorRocha, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Matilde A.
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Matilde
dc.contributor.authorMartins de Almeida Melo, Pedro Miguel
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-27T14:36:03Z
dc.date.available2026-04-27T14:36:03Z
dc.date.issued2025-10-01
dc.description.abstractThis study reviews the scientific use of chest-strap wearables, analyzing their advantages and limitations, following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies assessed chest-strap devices in adults and reported physiological outcomes such as heart rate, heart rate variability, R–R intervals, or electrocardiographic waveform morphology. Studies involving implanted devices, wrist-worn wearables, or lacking validation against reference standards were excluded. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect for studies published in the last 10 years. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and results were synthesized narratively. Thirty-two studies were included. The most frequently evaluated devices were the Polar H10 and Zephyr BioHarness 3.0, which showed strong correlations with electrocardiography at rest and during light-to-moderate activity. Reported limitations included motion artefacts, poor strap placement, sweating, and degradation of the skin–electrode interface. None of the devices had CE or FDA approval for clinical use, and most studies were conducted in controlled settings, limiting generalizability. Ergonomic concerns such as discomfort during prolonged wear and restricted mobility were also noted. Overall, chest-strap sensors showed good validity and were widely used in validation studies. However, technical refinements and large-scale field trials are needed for broader clinical and occupational application. This review is registered in PROSPERO and is part of the SIREN project.eng
dc.identifier.citationMachado, A., Ferreira, D. F., Ferreira, S., Almeida-Antunes, N., Carvalho, P., Melo, P., Rocha, N., & Rodrigues, M. A. (2025). A systematic review of chest-worn sensors in cardiac assessment: technologies, advantages, and limitations. Sensors, 25(19), 6049. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25196049
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/s25196049
dc.identifier.eissn1424-8220
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/32298
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/19/6049
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectWearable sensors
dc.subjectChest strap
dc.subjectCardiac monitoring
dc.subjectHeart rate
dc.subjectHeart rate variability
dc.titleA systematic review of chest-worn sensors in cardiac assessment: technologies, advantages, and limitationseng
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage34
oaire.citation.issue19
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleSensors
oaire.citation.volume25
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameRodrigues
person.familyNameMartins de Almeida Melo
person.givenNameMatilde
person.givenNamePedro Miguel
person.identifier.ciencia-id5110-3A70-C3F3
person.identifier.ciencia-idCC17-D6DA-41CA
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6175-6934
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0590-0684
person.identifier.ridN-7022-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55485977900
relation.isAuthorOfPublication8ddb200d-027c-40ca-8ca4-7e3a5981bcb1
relation.isAuthorOfPublicatione55c4fc5-819f-4b76-80ab-819cf3aa0037
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery8ddb200d-027c-40ca-8ca4-7e3a5981bcb1

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