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Abstract(s)
A Obesidade é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública, com
consequências negativas para os indivíduos obesos, nomeadamente dificuldades no
desempenho de atividades de vida diária, na locomoção e na prática de exercício físico, o
que pode restringir a participação em atividades sociais e de lazer.
Esta investigação consiste num estudo quantitativo descritivo e tem como objetivo
principal descrever de que forma os indivíduos adultos obesos classificam a sua adaptação
ocupacional, a partir dos conceitos de identidade e competência ocupacional. Com este
estudo, pretende-se ainda verificar se os indivíduos obesos apresentam níveis de atividade
física mais baixos e valores mais elevados de pressão plantar, em relação a indivíduos com
peso normal.
A amostra é constituída por dez indivíduos adultos, de ambos os sexos, com índice
de massa corporal igual (IMC) ou superior a 30 Kg/m2, e os instrumentos de avaliação
utilizados são o Questionário Ocupacional (adaptado por N. Riopel com assistência de G.
Kielhofner e J. Hawkins Watts – 1986), o IPAQ – Versão Curta e o Sistema de Palmilhas
Pedar.
A partir dos resultados, pode-se verificar que os indivíduos obesos apresentam uma
rotina diária em que a maioria das atividades realizadas está relacionada com a casa, o
trabalho e o descanso e que a percentagem de atividades de lazer em que participam é
reduzida. No entanto, parecem satisfeitos com o seu desempenho na maior parte das
atividades, consideram que muitas delas são importantes para si e estão motivados para as
realizar. Dos resultados obtidos, podemos sugerir que os indivíduos obesos apresentam boa
adaptação ocupacional. Pode-se ainda dizer que os indivíduos obesos apresentam um baixo
nível de intensidade de atividade física, não se observando diferenças significativas
relativamente aos indivíduos com peso normativo e que os seus valores máximos de
pressão plantar normalizados são inferiores quando comparados com a população de peso
normal.
Obesity is a serious public health problem, with negative consequences for obese individuals, namely difficulties in performing activities of daily living, locomotion and physical exercise, which may restrict participation in social and leisure activities. This investigation consists of a descriptive quantitative study, and its main objective is to describe how obese adult individuals rate their occupational adaptation, based on the concepts of identity and occupational competence. With this study, we intend to further verify if obese individuals present lower physical activity levels and higher plantar pressure values when compared with normal weight individuals. The sample consists of ten adults of both sexes, with body mass index greater than 30 Kg/m2, and the assessment tools used are the Occupational Questionnaire (adapted by N. Riopel with assistance from G. Kielhofner and J. Hawkins Watts – 1986), the IPAQ – short version and a Pedar insole system. From the results, it can be seen that obese individuals have a daily routine in which most of the activities are related to home, work and rest, and the percentage of leisure activities in which they participate is reduced. However, they seem to be satisfied with their performance in most activities, they consider that many of those activities are important to them and they are motivated to perform them. So, we may deduce that their occupational adaptation is good. We may also say that obese people have a low intensity level of physical activity, not observed significant differences with regard to individuals with normative weight, and that their maximum plantar pressure normalized values are lower when compared with the normal weight population.
Obesity is a serious public health problem, with negative consequences for obese individuals, namely difficulties in performing activities of daily living, locomotion and physical exercise, which may restrict participation in social and leisure activities. This investigation consists of a descriptive quantitative study, and its main objective is to describe how obese adult individuals rate their occupational adaptation, based on the concepts of identity and occupational competence. With this study, we intend to further verify if obese individuals present lower physical activity levels and higher plantar pressure values when compared with normal weight individuals. The sample consists of ten adults of both sexes, with body mass index greater than 30 Kg/m2, and the assessment tools used are the Occupational Questionnaire (adapted by N. Riopel with assistance from G. Kielhofner and J. Hawkins Watts – 1986), the IPAQ – short version and a Pedar insole system. From the results, it can be seen that obese individuals have a daily routine in which most of the activities are related to home, work and rest, and the percentage of leisure activities in which they participate is reduced. However, they seem to be satisfied with their performance in most activities, they consider that many of those activities are important to them and they are motivated to perform them. So, we may deduce that their occupational adaptation is good. We may also say that obese people have a low intensity level of physical activity, not observed significant differences with regard to individuals with normative weight, and that their maximum plantar pressure normalized values are lower when compared with the normal weight population.
Description
Keywords
Obesidade Adaptação ocupacional Identidade ocupacional Competência ocupacional Atividade física Valores máximos de pressão plantar Obesity Occupational adaptation Occupational identity Occupational competence Physical activity Maximum plantar pressure
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto