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Estruturas Flexíveis de Suporte de Terras: A influência do elemento de suporte no comportamento da cortina. Estudo Paramétrico
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| 30.44 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação aborda o tema das estruturas flexíveis de suporte de terras e explora,
em particular, a utilização de um programa de cálculo automático, com formulação por
elementos finitos, como ferramenta de apoio à escolha da solução de contenção mais eficaz.
Esta tipologia de estruturas de suporte de terras assume um relevo singular em contexto
urbano, onde a elevada densidade de construções orienta a ocupação de espaços
subterrâneos e a consequente realização de escavações profundas.
Procede-se a uma revisão das diferentes tipologias de estruturas flexíveis de suporte de
terras, das principais técnicas construtivas e dos elementos de suporte utilizados.
São abordados os aspetos de dimensionamento, introduzindo-se as correspondentes normas
europeias, associadas ao projeto e à execução.
Descreve-se o programa de cálculo automático RS2, da empresa Rocscience Inc., adotado no
estudo paramétrico que se promoveu.
Este estudo teve por base o caso de um edifício com vários pisos enterrados, a executar num
maciço constituído, essencialmente, por areias eólicas, siltitos e grés avermelhado, onde foi
realizada uma prospeção geológico-geotécnica que forneceu um conjunto de resultados que
permitiram caracterizar, de forma pormenorizada, as diferentes unidades geotécnicas
interessadas.
Analisaram-se diferentes cenários para a cortina e para os elementos de suporte, tendo sido
ensaiados, com essa função, escoras, ancoragens e lâminas de betão armado. A análise dos
resultados incidiu sobre os deslocamentos da cortina e do terreno, sobre os esforços
mobilizados na cortina e sobre as pressões de terras instaladas em ambas as faces da cortina,
permitindo comparar o desempenho das diferentes soluções.
This dissertation addresses the topic of flexible earth retaining structures and, in particular, explores the use of an automatic computational program, based on the finite element method, as a decision-support tool for selecting the most effective retaining solution. This type of retaining structure plays a key role in urban environments, where high construction density drives the use of underground space and the consequent execution of deep excavations. A review is presented of the different types of flexible retaining structures, the main construction techniques, and the support elements employed. Design aspects are discussed, with reference to the relevant European standards governing both design and execution. The RS2 software, developed by Rocscience Inc., is described as the computational tool adopted for the parametric study carried out. The study focused on a building with several underground floors, to be constructed in a geological formation composed mainly of aeolian sands, siltstones, and reddish sandstones. A detailed geotechnical site investigation was conducted, providing results that enabled the thorough characterization of the various geotechnical units involved. Different scenarios were analyzed for the retaining wall and its support elements, considering struts, ground anchors, and reinforced concrete slabs as alternatives. The analysis of the results focused on wall and soil displacements, internal forces within the wall, and earth pressures acting on both faces of the retaining wall, enabling a performance comparison of the different solutions.
This dissertation addresses the topic of flexible earth retaining structures and, in particular, explores the use of an automatic computational program, based on the finite element method, as a decision-support tool for selecting the most effective retaining solution. This type of retaining structure plays a key role in urban environments, where high construction density drives the use of underground space and the consequent execution of deep excavations. A review is presented of the different types of flexible retaining structures, the main construction techniques, and the support elements employed. Design aspects are discussed, with reference to the relevant European standards governing both design and execution. The RS2 software, developed by Rocscience Inc., is described as the computational tool adopted for the parametric study carried out. The study focused on a building with several underground floors, to be constructed in a geological formation composed mainly of aeolian sands, siltstones, and reddish sandstones. A detailed geotechnical site investigation was conducted, providing results that enabled the thorough characterization of the various geotechnical units involved. Different scenarios were analyzed for the retaining wall and its support elements, considering struts, ground anchors, and reinforced concrete slabs as alternatives. The analysis of the results focused on wall and soil displacements, internal forces within the wall, and earth pressures acting on both faces of the retaining wall, enabling a performance comparison of the different solutions.
Description
Keywords
Flexible Earth Retaining Structures Perimeter Retaining Systems Finite Elements Numerical Modeling Buildings Estruturas Flexíveis de Suporte de Terras Contenções Periféricas Elementos Finitos Modelação Numérica Edifícios