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We study the contributions of within-host (virus-to-cell) and synaptic (cell-to-cell) transmissions in a mathematical model for human immunodeficiency virus epidemics. The model also includes drug resistance. We prove the local and global stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the local stability of the endemic equilibrium. We analyse the effect of the cell-to-cell transmission rate on the value of the reproduction number, R0. Moreover, we show evidence of a qualitative change in the models’ dynamics, subjected to the value of the drug efficacy. In the end, important inferences are drawn.
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HIV Synaptic transmission Within-host transmission Treatment Drug resistance