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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A esquizofrenia é uma perturbação mental grave caracterizada pela coexistência de
sintomas positivos, negativos e de desorganização do pensamento e do comportamento. As
alterações motoras são consistentemente observadas mas, ainda pouco estudadas na
esquizofrenia, sendo relevantes para o seu diagnóstico. Neste quadro, o presente estudo
tem como objetivo verificar se os indivíduos com esquizofrenia apresentam alterações na
coordenação motora, comparativamente com o grupo sem esquizofrenia, bem como
analisar se as disfunções dos sinais neurológicos subtis (SNS) motores se encontram
correlacionadas com o funcionamento executivo e com os domínios psicopatológicos da
perturbação.
No total participaram 29 indivíduos (13 com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e 16 sem
diagnóstico) equivalentes em termos de idade, género, escolaridade e índice de massa
corporal. Para avaliar o desempenho motor recorreu-se ao sistema Biostage de
parametrização do movimento em tempo real, com a tarefa de lançameto ao alvo; a
presença de SNS foi examinada através da Brief Motor Scale; o funcionamento executivo
pela aplicação do subteste do Vocabulário e da fluência verbal e a sintomatologia clínica
através da Positive and Negative Sindrome Scale.
Pela análise cinemática do movimento constatou-se que os indivíduos com
esquizofrenia recrutam um padrão motor menos desenvolvido e imaturo de movimento,
com menor individualização das componentes (principalmente do tronco e pélvis),
necessitando de mais tempo para executar a tarefa, comparativamente com os sujeitos sem
a perturbação que evidenciaram um movimento mais avançado de movimento. Os
indivíduos com esquizofrenia mostraram índices elevados de disfunção dos SNS (média
=6,01) estabelecendo este domínio uma relação boa e negativa com o desempenho verbal
(rho Spearman=-0,62) e uma relação forte e positiva com todos os domínios
psicopatológicos (rho Spearman=0,74). O estudo da existência de alterações motoras como
parte intrínseca da esquizofrenia revela-se pertinente uma vez que possibilita uma
compreensão mais aprofundada da sua fisiopatologia e permite que se desenvolvam
práticas mais efetivas na área da saúde e reabilitação.
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by the existence of positive and negative symptoms and disorganization of thought and behavior. Motor dysfunction is a consistently reported and relevant to diagnosis but understudied in schizophrenia. The objetive of the present study is to analyze the existence of dysfunctions in coordination motor individuals with schizophrenia compared to those without schizophrenia and examine the relationship between the motor neurological soft signs (NSS) and executive functions and psychopathological domains. Sample consisted of 29 individuals (13 with diagnosed with schizophrenia and 16 without) matched in age, gender, educational level and body mass index. To assess motor performance was used Biostage system, a advanced optical tracking system that capture motion in real time, with performance of overarm throwing; was used Brief Motor Scale to investigate the presence of NSS; Vocabulary subtest and verbal fluency to assess the executive functions; and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for rating the symptoms of schizophrenia. A kinematic analysis of motion showed that individuals with schizophrenia exhibit a less developed and immature movement pattern, with low individualization of components (mainly the trunk and pelvis), and requiring more time to perform the task compared with the participants without schizophrenia, that showed more advanced movement. Individuals with schizophrenia showed high levels of dysfunction of motor neurological soft signs (mean = 6.01), and a good correlation with this domain and verbal performance was founded (Spearman rho = -0.62) as well as a strong correlation with all psychopathological domains (Spearman rho = 0.74). The study of the motor dysfunction as an intrinsic part of schizophrenia appears to be relevant since it allows a better understanding of pathophysiology and allows developing more effective practices in health and rehabilitation services.
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by the existence of positive and negative symptoms and disorganization of thought and behavior. Motor dysfunction is a consistently reported and relevant to diagnosis but understudied in schizophrenia. The objetive of the present study is to analyze the existence of dysfunctions in coordination motor individuals with schizophrenia compared to those without schizophrenia and examine the relationship between the motor neurological soft signs (NSS) and executive functions and psychopathological domains. Sample consisted of 29 individuals (13 with diagnosed with schizophrenia and 16 without) matched in age, gender, educational level and body mass index. To assess motor performance was used Biostage system, a advanced optical tracking system that capture motion in real time, with performance of overarm throwing; was used Brief Motor Scale to investigate the presence of NSS; Vocabulary subtest and verbal fluency to assess the executive functions; and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for rating the symptoms of schizophrenia. A kinematic analysis of motion showed that individuals with schizophrenia exhibit a less developed and immature movement pattern, with low individualization of components (mainly the trunk and pelvis), and requiring more time to perform the task compared with the participants without schizophrenia, that showed more advanced movement. Individuals with schizophrenia showed high levels of dysfunction of motor neurological soft signs (mean = 6.01), and a good correlation with this domain and verbal performance was founded (Spearman rho = -0.62) as well as a strong correlation with all psychopathological domains (Spearman rho = 0.74). The study of the motor dysfunction as an intrinsic part of schizophrenia appears to be relevant since it allows a better understanding of pathophysiology and allows developing more effective practices in health and rehabilitation services.
Description
Keywords
Esquizofrenia Sinais neurológicos subtis Padrão motor Lançar Biostage Schizophrenia Neurological soft signs Motor pattern Overarm throwing
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto