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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Durante séculos a madeira foi dos materiais mais privilegiados e usados na construção. Ainda
hoje, existem construçÔes antigas em madeira em bom estado de conservação e que,
desempenham as suas funçÔes adequadamente. Com o aparecimento do betão e do aço, os
projetistas deixaram de usar este tipo de estruturas. Isto provocou um desinteresse na
indĂșstria da madeira, adiando a criação de regulamentos e normas relativamente Ă s
exigĂȘncias funcionais deste tipo de estruturas. Com a necessidade da reabilitação do
patrimĂłnio edificado, verifica-se uma inversĂŁo desta tendĂȘncia, devido Ă s edificaçÔes no
centro histĂłrico serem constituĂdas por estruturas de madeira, essencialmente os pavimentos
e coberturas. Na maioria das vezes estas estruturas apresentam um elevado nĂvel de
degradação e a solução mais rentåvel é demolir. Os pavimentos de madeira são então
substituĂdos por lajes aligeiradas ou de betĂŁo armado provocando alteraçÔes estruturais
inadequadas nas fachadas a manter.
Pretende-se com esta dissertação mostrar as potencialidades dos pavimentos de madeira e
assim incentivar ao seu uso, principalmente nas ĂĄreas a reabilitar.
SĂŁo analisados todos os regulamentos e normas aplicĂĄveis Ă s exigĂȘncias estruturais, tĂ©rmicas,
acĂșsticas e contra incĂȘndio dos pavimentos de madeira. A anĂĄlise da normalização aplicĂĄvel
vai ser sintetizada, ou seja, só vão ser referidos os aspetos a ter em conta para a verificação
das exigĂȘncias funcionais em pavimentos de madeira.
A aplicação dos conceitos e das verificaçÔes necessårias são aplicadas a um pavimento de
madeira a ser construĂdo na parcela C4 do QuarteirĂŁo das Cardosas. Os resultados obtidos
neste caso de estudo sĂŁo encorajadores, e abrem uma perspetiva das potencialidades que
este sistema construtivo apresenta.
For centuries, wood has been the most privileged and used material in construction. Even today, there are old wooden constructions in good condition that still perform their duties. With the appearance of concrete and steel, the designers have stopped using this type of structures. This caused a lack of interest in the wood industry, delaying the creation of regulations and standards that address the functional requirements of such structures. With the need for rehabilitation of the building heritage, there is a reversal of this trend due to the fact that the buildings in the historic center are composed from wooden structures, essentially the floors and roofs. Most of the time, these structures have a high level of degradation and the most cost effective solution is to demolish. The wood floors are then replaced by block slabs or reinforced concrete causing structural changes inadequate to maintain the facades. It is intended with this dissertation to show the potential of wood flooring and thus encourage its use, especially in the rehabilitation area. All regulations and standards applicable to structural requirements, thermal, acoustic and fire protection of wood flooring are analyzed. The analysis of the standards will be synthesized, i.e., only the aspects to take into account for the verification of functional requirements for wood floors are referred. The application of the concepts and the necessary verifications are applied to a wood floor to be built on block C4 of the QuarteirĂŁo das Cardosas. The results of this case study are encouraging, and open up a perspective of the potential that this constructive system presents.
For centuries, wood has been the most privileged and used material in construction. Even today, there are old wooden constructions in good condition that still perform their duties. With the appearance of concrete and steel, the designers have stopped using this type of structures. This caused a lack of interest in the wood industry, delaying the creation of regulations and standards that address the functional requirements of such structures. With the need for rehabilitation of the building heritage, there is a reversal of this trend due to the fact that the buildings in the historic center are composed from wooden structures, essentially the floors and roofs. Most of the time, these structures have a high level of degradation and the most cost effective solution is to demolish. The wood floors are then replaced by block slabs or reinforced concrete causing structural changes inadequate to maintain the facades. It is intended with this dissertation to show the potential of wood flooring and thus encourage its use, especially in the rehabilitation area. All regulations and standards applicable to structural requirements, thermal, acoustic and fire protection of wood flooring are analyzed. The analysis of the standards will be synthesized, i.e., only the aspects to take into account for the verification of functional requirements for wood floors are referred. The application of the concepts and the necessary verifications are applied to a wood floor to be built on block C4 of the QuarteirĂŁo das Cardosas. The results of this case study are encouraging, and open up a perspective of the potential that this constructive system presents.
Description
Keywords
ExigĂȘncias funcionais Pavimentos de madeira Derivados de madeira Casa Burguesa CaraterĂsticas da madeira Isolamentos usados em pavimentos Functional requirements Wood floors Engineered wood Bourgeois house Wood characteristics Floor isolation systems