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The interactive effects of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin on the growth rate of the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris

2016Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorPinheiro, Carlos
dc.contributor.authorAzevedo, Joana
dc.contributor.authorCampos, Alexandre
dc.contributor.authorVasconcelos, Vítor
dc.contributor.authorLoureiro, Susana
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-03T16:14:15Z
dc.date.available2019-07-03T16:14:15Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractMicrocystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are the most representative cyanobacterial cyanotoxins. They have been simultaneously detected in aquatic systems, but their combined ecotoxicological effects to aquatic organisms, especially microalgae, is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of these cyanotoxins individually and as a binary mixture on the growth rate of the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris. Using the MIXTOX tool, the reference model concentration addition (CA) was selected to evaluate the combined effects of MC-LR and CYN on the growth of the freshwater green algae due to its conservative prediction of mixture effect for putative similar or dissimilar acting chemicals. Deviations from the CA model such as synergism/antagonism, dose-ratio and dose-level dependency were also assessed. In single exposures, our results demonstrated that MC-LR and CYN had different impacts on the growth rates of C. vulgaris at the highest tested concentrations, being CYN the most toxic. In the mixture exposure trial, MC-LR and CYN showed a synergistic deviation from the conceptual model CA as the best descriptive model. MC-LR individually was not toxic even at high concentrations (37 mg L(-1)); however, the presence of MC-LR at much lower concentrations (0.4-16.7 mg L(-1)) increased the CYN toxicity. From these results, the combined exposure of MC-LR and CYN should be considered for risk assessment of mixtures as the toxicity may be underestimated when looking only at the single cyanotoxins and not their combination. This study also represents an important step to understand the interactions among MC-LR and CYN detected previously in aquatic systems.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationPinheiro, C., Azevedo, J., Campos, A., Vasconcelos, V., & Loureiro, S. (2016). The interactive effects of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin on the growth rate of the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris. Ecotoxicology, 25(4), 745–758. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1633-y
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10646-016-1633-ypt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/14240
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherSpringerpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10646-016-1633-ypt_PT
dc.subjectBacterial Toxinspt_PT
dc.subjectChlorella vulgarispt_PT
dc.subjectFresh Waterpt_PT
dc.subjectMicrocystinspt_PT
dc.subjectUracilpt_PT
dc.subjectWater Pollutants, Chemicalpt_PT
dc.subjectEnvironmental Monitoringpt_PT
dc.titleThe interactive effects of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin on the growth rate of the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgarispt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/UID%2FAMB%2F50017%2F2013/PT
oaire.citation.endPage758pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue4pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage745pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleEcotoxicologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume25pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream5876
person.familyNameAzevedo
person.givenNameJoana
person.identifier.ciencia-id021A-CB3B-C9FD
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3757-8143
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56369213600
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication9da5a86f-54f9-4f96-9122-6188902fc446
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery9da5a86f-54f9-4f96-9122-6188902fc446
relation.isProjectOfPublicatione908c61f-0255-4c7c-89a3-b957353f2d4e
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye908c61f-0255-4c7c-89a3-b957353f2d4e

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