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Da indústria 4.0 à indústria 5.0: impactos sociais nas atividades comerciais e no negócio eletrónico
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Abstract(s)
O termo quarta revolução industrial ou Indústria 4.0 (I4.0) surgiu pela primeira vez em 2011, pode ser definido como um paradigma que tem como objetivo principal ligar as máquinas através da internet e de várias tecnologias de modo a tornar as fábricas mais autónomas e flexíveis.
O conceito de Indústria 5.0 (I5.0) ou Quinta Revolução Industrial, tem vindo a tornar-se um paradigma cada vez mais presente no nosso quotidiano e foca-se na colaboração entre seres humanos e sistemas inteligentes, procurando criar um ambiente industrial colaborativo. A I5.0 procura aproveitar as tecnologias presentes na I4.0 para o bem-estar dos cidadãos no seu dia a dia.
Na presente dissertação, são abordados os conceitos chave desta investigação: I4.0 e as tecnologias dominantes neste paradigma, tais como Cyber Physical Systems, Internet Of Things, Big Data, Data Science, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Inteligência Artificial, entre outros, I5.0, E-commerce / Negócio Eletrónico.
Tendo em conta todo o impacto que estas duas revoluções industriais tiveram essencialmente na indústria e consequentemente na sociedade, as transações e atividades comerciais também irão sofrer alterações. O modo de produção, o modo de entrega, a elevada quantidade de informação e os preços dos produtos/serviços irão sofrer várias mudanças, acabando por impactar também o negócio eletrónico. De forma a investigar esta problemática, foi levantada uma questão de investigação (QI) e foi feita uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL), com o objetivo de recolher a literatura mais atualizada sobre o assunto e consequentemente encontrar respostas para a QI, permitindo-nos perceber que impactos o e-commerce está a ter atualmente com a I4.0 e I5.0.
De uma forma genérica, as principais conclusões obtidas neste estudo estão relacionadas com a forma como a propagação da informação e a maior generalização no domínio das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) faz com que os cidadãos se sintam mais seguros e confiantes no ato das compras online. Além disso, o aumento da preocupação com a sustentabilidade, pode estar a mudar a forma como a indústria e o consumidor observam a conceção de um produto e o produto final.
The term fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 (I4.0) first appeared in 2011 and can be defined as a paradigm whose main objective is to connect machines via the internet and various technologies in order to make factories more autonomous and flexible. The concept of Industry 5.0 (I5.0), or the Fifth Industrial Revolution, has become an increasingly present paradigm in our daily lives and focuses on collaboration between human beings and intelligent systems, seeking to create a collaborative industrial environment. I5.0 seeks to harness the technologies present in I4.0 for the well-being of citizens in their daily lives. This dissertation addresses the key concepts of this research: I4.0 and the dominant technologies in this paradigm, such as Cyber Physical Systems, Internet Of Things, Big Data, Data Science, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, among others, I5.0, E-commerce / Electronic Business. Taking into account all the impact that these two industrial revolutions have had essentially on industry and consequently on society, commercial transactions and activities will also undergo changesThe mode of production, the mode of delivery, the large amount of information and the prices of products/services will undergo several changes, ultimately also impacting e-business. In order to investigate this issue, a research question (RQ) was raised and a systematic literature review (SLR) was carried out, with the aim of collecting the most up-to-date literature on the subject and consequently finding answers to the RQ, allowing us to understand what impacts e-commerce is currently having with I4.0 and I5.0. In general terms, the main conclusions obtained in this study are related to how the dissemination of information and the greater generalization in the field of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) make citizens feel safer and more confident when shopping online. In addition, the increased concern for sustainability may be changing the way in which the industry and the consumer view the design of a product and the final product.
The term fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 (I4.0) first appeared in 2011 and can be defined as a paradigm whose main objective is to connect machines via the internet and various technologies in order to make factories more autonomous and flexible. The concept of Industry 5.0 (I5.0), or the Fifth Industrial Revolution, has become an increasingly present paradigm in our daily lives and focuses on collaboration between human beings and intelligent systems, seeking to create a collaborative industrial environment. I5.0 seeks to harness the technologies present in I4.0 for the well-being of citizens in their daily lives. This dissertation addresses the key concepts of this research: I4.0 and the dominant technologies in this paradigm, such as Cyber Physical Systems, Internet Of Things, Big Data, Data Science, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence, among others, I5.0, E-commerce / Electronic Business. Taking into account all the impact that these two industrial revolutions have had essentially on industry and consequently on society, commercial transactions and activities will also undergo changesThe mode of production, the mode of delivery, the large amount of information and the prices of products/services will undergo several changes, ultimately also impacting e-business. In order to investigate this issue, a research question (RQ) was raised and a systematic literature review (SLR) was carried out, with the aim of collecting the most up-to-date literature on the subject and consequently finding answers to the RQ, allowing us to understand what impacts e-commerce is currently having with I4.0 and I5.0. In general terms, the main conclusions obtained in this study are related to how the dissemination of information and the greater generalization in the field of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) make citizens feel safer and more confident when shopping online. In addition, the increased concern for sustainability may be changing the way in which the industry and the consumer view the design of a product and the final product.
Description
Keywords
Indústria 4.0 Logística Cyber physical systems Internet of things Cloud computing Realidade virtual Impressão 3D Robótica Big Data Data Science Machine learning Indústria 5.0 4.0 Industry Logistics Cyber physical systems Internet of things Cloud computing Virtual reality Augmented reality 3D Printing Robotics Big data Data